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    <title>Transport Research International Documentation (TRID)</title>
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    <copyright>Copyright © 2026. National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.</copyright>
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    <managingEditor>tris-trb@nas.edu (Bill McLeod)</managingEditor>
    <webMaster>tris-trb@nas.edu (Bill McLeod)</webMaster>
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    <item>
      <title>Young People and Transport Jobs: Making Transport Careers More Attractive: Brussels, 15 October 2025: Conference Report</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2657019</link>
      <description><![CDATA[On 15 October 2025, the European Commission’s Directorate-General for Mobility and Transport (DG MOVE) hosted the conference ‘Young people and transport jobs: making transport careers more attractive’ in Brussels. The event brought together 67 young people and 16 sector representatives from all modes of transport to explore career prospects and expectations for working in the sector, as well as successful practices to attract, support, and retain young talent in the evolving transport sector. Through plenary and interactive sessions covering six transport modes/areas – road, urban public transport, rail, maritime/ports, inland waterways, and air – participants identified challenges related to working in the transport sector. They also shared good practices from the industry and discussed potential new solutions. Examples included partnering with educational and vocational institutions to innovate in training pathways, improving social and traditional media outreach, and promoting safety, security and working conditions. Participants agreed that the goal was to raise public awareness of the sector’s crucial role for society and its evolving, future-ready nature. The conference concluded with a dialogue between young people and DG MOVE, exploring ideas on how to make transport careers more attractive and inclusive for young people.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 15 Apr 2026 11:32:01 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2657019</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Exploration on Innovation Education of Higher Vocational Automobile Specialty Based on Internet Thinking</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1975963</link>
      <description><![CDATA[It is necessary for higher vocational automobile professional innovation education with Internet thinking. Will have a profound impact on the employment of automotive graduates and future entrepreneurship. In this paper, through the innovative practice, the automotive cloud service platform is an innovative entity, leading students to actually explore the innovation of automotive industry. The car service platform in this project integrates a large number of merchants and car users. It provides a wide range of car services. Can promote the development of the industry and employment. In this process, let the students truly think and feel the power of innovation. Through the practical application of this platform, students can improve their ability to innovate in their future work.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Fri, 23 Aug 2024 16:53:42 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1975963</guid>
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    <item>
      <title>Assessing alternative occupations for truck drivers in an emerging era of autonomous vehicles</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2146121</link>
      <description><![CDATA[This study identifies alternative occupations for heavy truck drivers and evaluates the relative attractiveness of these alternatives in terms of compensation, ease of entry and future job growth. The authors also evaluate the geographic correspondence between truck driving jobs and available alternatives within the same state given research evidence about geographic rigidities in job seekers. The authors develop two strategies for identifying alternative occupations. One approach suggests that there may not be sufficient job alternatives for a displacement of 35% or more of the truck-driving workforce. The second alternative suggests insufficient job alternatives when displacement levels exceed 50%. Despite these varied pictures, the results present some important trends among job alternatives. Most alternatives were in Job Zones 1 and 2 which require little additional training and/or education for displaced drivers. Unfortunately, the identified alternatives paid lower wages than truck-driving jobs, indicating a potential loss of income. The projected demand for alternative jobs also varied by occupation. Some alternatives are projected to have employment growth, while others are projected to have job losses. Lastly, there were geographic trends in states projected to experience greater losses of driving jobs, and that do not have sufficient alternative jobs for workers. The findings indicate that this is particularly true for states located in Middle America. Proactive labor policies that are tailored to the regional labor market and available job alternatives will be needed to help truck drivers transition into new occupations. These policies should be particularly mindful of the specific characteristics of the truck-driving workforce.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 17 Apr 2023 09:01:46 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2146121</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Proactive Career Planning in the Maritime Industry: Enhancing Millennials’ Workplace Enthusiasm in Montenegro and Turkey</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1922533</link>
      <description><![CDATA[This paper seeks to examine the attitudes of millennial maritime students when it comes to career planning and proactive behavior, in order to efficiently, effectively develop each students’ potential, and direct the activities of decision-makers (maritime companies and educational institutions). This research was based on a purposefully developed conceptual model and empirical research conducted on a sample of 308 students from Montenegro and Turkey. The research relied on a referential career engagement scale. The relevance of the hypotheses was tested by means of SEM model, logistic regression, Kruskal-Wallis test and eta coefficient. The results obtained show that proactive behavior of maritime students is a consequence of their attitudes established concerning career development. However, the attitudes of students vary depending on their country of origin and the year of their studies. Thus, through the influence on attitudes these two factors indirectly affect the proactive behavior of students. This emphasizes the possibility to foster students’ proactive behavior regarding maritime career planing through effectively management of public policies of the country, especially those related to the educational system. These findings explain the relationships between the students and their career planning and proactive behavior, strengthening the students’ competitivity on the market. Therefore, the paper provides a significant contribution in offering insights to decision-makers and the creators of educational policies.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 25 May 2022 09:40:09 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1922533</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Educational Toolkits to Help Fight Gender Stereotypes Based on the Example of the Transport Sector: Final Study Report on the Development of the Toolkits</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1905604</link>
      <description><![CDATA[One of the main reasons for gender imbalance in the EU transport sector — where only 22 % of the workforce are women — is the persistence of strong gender stereotypes. Gendered perceptions about specific jobs and careers are developed at a young age. They shape children’s aspirations and their awareness of, and decision to pursue, certain school subjects and careers. Challenging gender stereotypes throughout the education cycle is key to broadening individual aspirations and choices and to reducing gender imbalances in other spheres of life, such as employment. Based on the example of the transport sector, and drawing on desk research, surveys and stakeholder interviews, this study supported the development of two educational toolkits (one for primary schools and one for secondary schools) to help teachers organise discussions in class to effectively address gender stereotypes. This document describes the study’s methodological approach and key findings, and the process of developing, testing and finalising the toolkits for use in all EU Member States.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 23 Mar 2022 10:53:27 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1905604</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>“I See Myself in that Career": Exploring Methods to Attract the Next Generation Transportation Workforce</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1678039</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Predicting a workforce crisis for the past twenty years, the transportation field has launched a wide variety of initiatives to increase the future talent pipeline that would choose transportation as a field of choice for study and future careers. This project follows on the premise that increasing awareness of career opportunities is essential to attracting new entrants at an early age, and that awareness building should be dynamic. This includes providing views of who works in the transportation field, what their experiences are, and what they value about their work. This paper hypothesizes that first-person glimpses into transportation careers are just as essential for job seekers as knowing job specs, qualifications, pay scales and opportunities for advancement. In-depth career profiles of workers were developed and showcase individuals, from diverse backgrounds and interests, engaged in work critical to the future of our transportation systems and infrastructure as an inducement to consider future education and training work needed to enter such a field. A number of other initiatives have created occupation and career profiles in public and private agencies. As with other awareness building and talent pipeline development initiatives such efforts need to be made accessible to a wider more diverse audience and metrics for tracking their effectiveness should be developed and implemented. Coordinating and testing these efforts are part of a future stage of program.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 29 Jan 2020 14:25:50 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1678039</guid>
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    <item>
      <title>Progress or regress on gender equality: The case study of selected transport STEM careers and their vocational education and training in Japan</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1653764</link>
      <description><![CDATA[This paper examines the role of vocational education and training (VET) in the STEM workforce to advance women's integration into traditionally male-dominated workplaces. In Japan, it has been reported that the size of the workforce has been substantially decreasing since 2011. One of the effective strategies to mitigate the risk of the shortage of human resources is considered to be making use of women in the STEM field. In this paper, the Japanese transport sector is studied to understand the role of VET to support women in the STEM workforce. The authors shed light on the merchant marine as one of the most male-dominated industries. A comparative institutional analysis was elaborated with other transport industries, such as air and rail. In addition, a narrative analysis was conducted with the empirical data as well as archived literature. The paper reveals that the merchant marine has failed to establish an institutional arrangement of maritime VET from the women transport workers' career-cycle perspective. The paper concludes that the role of VET is important not only before the employment but also after, in order to make sustainable use of women as human resources. In order to remove barriers to including women in STEM careers, institutional arrangement of VET should be reviewed through gender-mainstreaming and life-long VET would help to stop the leaky pipe line of STEM women in Japan.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Fri, 11 Oct 2019 16:52:29 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1653764</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Air hostess, flight attendants and cabin crew : this month we turns the spotlight on the career path for cabin crew, what it means, what the requirements are and what you will study</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1597297</link>
      <description><![CDATA[]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 02 Apr 2019 10:00:19 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1597297</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Aircraft mechanics</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1597296</link>
      <description><![CDATA[]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 02 Apr 2019 10:00:18 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1597296</guid>
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    <item>
      <title>Consider flying as a career</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1597079</link>
      <description><![CDATA[]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 02 Apr 2019 09:55:24 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1597079</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Starting 'em young : SNAME members work to introduce kids to engineering as a creative activity that benefits society</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1585469</link>
      <description><![CDATA[]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 19 Feb 2019 15:06:37 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1585469</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Evaluation of the Transportation Research Board Minority Student Fellows Program</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1493050</link>
      <description><![CDATA[This paper evaluates the Transportation Research Board (TRB) Minority Student Fellows Program (Program). Initiated in 2010, the Program supports students from select Historically Black Colleges and Universities, Hispanic-Serving Institutions, and Native American Pacific Islander-Serving Institutions to attend TRB’s Annual Meeting and present a student-authored research paper. The Program is intended to increase involvement of those groups in TRB and the transportation profession. This evaluation considers the Program’s performance against stated and implicit goals using a survey of mentees; qualitative reflections by the Program manager, a mentor, and a mentee; and indirect outcome metrics. Conclusions are that the Program was successful in increasing exposure to TRB, contributing to the growth of fellows as transportation professionals, and encouraging ongoing TRB participation. With regard to operations, the Program achieved visibility and attracted external funding, which bodes well for its sustainability. Lessons learned include crafting appropriate rules for participation and finding the right balance between critique and support in the paper review process. There are opportunities to extend the mentoring experience with continued involvement of past fellows.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 18 Apr 2018 12:26:37 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1493050</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Vocational and academic approaches to maritime education and training (MET): Trends, challenges and opportunities</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1485026</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Traditional seafarer training has always focused on the acquisition and use of practical skills. The prevailing view is that, while this approach addresses a degree of cognitive skills, it focuses on and gives much more emphasis to the acquisition of hands-on practical skills for the performance of specific tasks. On the other hand, academic education has been seen to be much more focused on the development of in-depth analytical and critical thinking skills; cognitive skills that are less reliant on hands-on task-oriented training, but stress critical reading and discussion. The global trend in maritime education and training is increasingly to link an essentially vocational education that provides specific and restricted competence outcomes with more general or deeper academic components leading to an academic qualification. This trend has led to some dilemmas for curriculum development, for training legislation in a global industry, and for achieving desired learning outcomes in a professional setting (in the shipping industry). This paper discusses some of the challenges arising from this trend and the opportunities the trend offers.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 30 Oct 2017 09:11:25 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1485026</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Aviation careers : the pilot shortage is absolutely real, making now a perfect time to pursue a career as a professional pilot</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1484495</link>
      <description><![CDATA[]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 02 Oct 2017 11:46:55 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1484495</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Export of German-style vocational education: a case study in the automotive industry in Puebla, Mexico</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1478776</link>
      <description><![CDATA[German multinational enterprises carry out German-style vocational education and training activities at their global branches. This case study on the educational programs of the automotive industry located in the State of Puebla (Central Mexico) aims to generate a deeper understanding of how and why the German apprenticeship model is exported to Mexico and implemented locally. The interaction between the companies and the institutional and organisational environment in which the multinational enterprises operate are analysed. Findings indicate that the three dual apprenticeship programs of Volkswagen, Audi and Schuler - although all located in the same institutional environment - show different degrees and ways of adapting to the local environment.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 29 Aug 2017 10:07:28 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1478776</guid>
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