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    <copyright>Copyright © 2026. National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.</copyright>
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    <managingEditor>tris-trb@nas.edu (Bill McLeod)</managingEditor>
    <webMaster>tris-trb@nas.edu (Bill McLeod)</webMaster>
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      <title>Transport Research International Documentation (TRID)</title>
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      <title>AUV NAVIGATION OF UNDERWATER SCIENTIFIC SURVEYS</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/438010</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Autonomous underwater vehicles (AUV) have the ability to gather large amounts of data at lower cost than manned research ships and their stability and manoeuvrability may improve the performance of acoustic and optical imaging systems. However, AUV navigation methods present varying problems depending on the ruggedness of the terrain.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 14 Aug 1995 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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      <title>ADAPTIVE TRAJECTORY SELECTION APPARATUS AND METHOD; PATENT</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/411215</link>
      <description><![CDATA[An adaptive trajectory apparatus and method provide vehicle control commands to steer an underwater vehicle launched from a vessel towards a contact. A plurality of measured/estimated position and motion parameters associated with the contact are provided. The contact parameters also include information on quality and alertment status.  The contact parameters are compared with an information matrix that defines a plurality of trajectory strategies and data parameters required to effect each of the trajectory strategies. A trajectory strategy is defined as a candidate trajectory strategy when the required data parameters are included in the measured/estimated contact parameter set. An expert system periodically selects a unique possible trajectory strategy based upon a predetermined set of rules that utilize the received contact parameters, quality thereof, contact alertment status and vehicle state information received from the underwater vehicle. The vehicle control commands are generated with a controller using the selected unique candidate trajectory strategy and the vehicle state information.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 11 Jan 1995 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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      <title>CONVENTIONAL SUBMARINE TECHNOLOGY FOR UNDER-ICE OPERATION</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/391316</link>
      <description><![CDATA[This paper describes possibilities for transferring the technology developed for under-ice operation of submarines from military to commercial applications. Several examples illustrate the state of the art. The use of conventional propulsion systems is dealt with in detail.  Developmental work in Germany on an air-dependent fuel cell is also discussed.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Thu, 21 Jul 1994 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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      <title>SUBMARINE NAVIGATION UNDER STORM CONDITIONS</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/399190</link>
      <description><![CDATA[This paper on submarine navigation covers such topics as the effect of wave and wind forces on the heeling behavior of submarines; changes in heeling as a function of course speed with respect to waves; basic weathering methods; principles of course changing; maintaining propulsion and control during an emergency; and submerging and surfacing in storm conditions.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Thu, 21 Jul 1994 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/399190</guid>
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      <title>HIGH-RESOLUTION PULSE-DOPPLER UNDERWATER ACOUSTIC NAVIGATION SYSTEM</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/53161</link>
      <description><![CDATA[A high-resolution underwater acoustic pulse-Doppler navigation system has been developed and tested at sea.  The system provides continuous, highly accurate tracking of underwater and ocean-surface platforms in a fixed 50-km 2 navigation net.  Three reference buoys, moored 20 m from the ocean bottom, provide the navigation net used by shipboard processing equipment.  Each reference buoy contains an acoustic transponder, used to obtain the acoustic travel times from the transponder to the platform, and a continuous-tone beacon, used to obtain the Doppler shift due to platform motion.  The system is capable of determining the position of a platform with respect to the reference net with an error of 2-3 m.  The relative position of the platform on a fix-to-fix basis can be determined within several centimeters over short time intervals (approximately equals 10 min).]]></description>
      <pubDate>Sat, 02 Jul 1977 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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      <title>PRECISE POSITION INFORMATION WITH HYDRO ACOUSTICS</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/65815</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Simrad a.s. introduced its Hydro acoustic position reference (HPR) system at the Offshore Asis Exhibition. Simrad HPR is a highly accurate navigation system for offshore applications that require precise position information relative to the ocean floor.  The system is intended for drilling, reentry operations, surveying, underwater navigation and pipelaying.  The super-short base line system uses the principle of phase measurement of hydro acoustic signals.  A split-beam transducer performs measurement of the received signal, which a computer converts to the geometric angle of the transponder, measuring the depth of the transponder simultaneously.  A multiple transponder option adds to system flexibility. Three of the systems are on order for both manual and dynamic positioning systems.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 15 Dec 1976 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/65815</guid>
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      <title>UNDERWATER ARCTIC NAVIGATION</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/26881</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The objective of this paper is to show that an underwater navigation system can be developed that is technically and economically feasible and of high reliability for long distance under-ice operation. Recent advances in underwater navigation for cruise, exploration and search and rescue operations are considered and applied to the current interest in Arctic waters, where mineral prospecting and oil transportation are potentially important.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Thu, 01 May 1975 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/26881</guid>
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