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    <title>Transport Research International Documentation (TRID)</title>
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    <copyright>Copyright © 2026. National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.</copyright>
    <docs>http://blogs.law.harvard.edu/tech/rss</docs>
    <managingEditor>tris-trb@nas.edu (Bill McLeod)</managingEditor>
    <webMaster>tris-trb@nas.edu (Bill McLeod)</webMaster>
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      <title>Transport Research International Documentation (TRID)</title>
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      <title>PARTICULATE TRAP INSTALLATION IN A MAN ARTICULATED TRANSIT BUS</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/370660</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The increasing Environmental Protection Agency standards for diesel engine exhaust emissions are forcing the transit industry to find a means of cleaning up the air.  A particulate trap oxidizer system is currently accomplishing this task on two-cycle transit bus engines.  At Phoenix Transit System this same technology is being applied to a Maschinenfabrik Augsburg-Nurnberg AG (MAN) four-cycle engine to demonstrate that four-cycle exhaust can also be cleaned.  The particulate trap system installation in the MAN bus is summarized.  The initial temperature testing was conclusive that all system components were operating within component manufacturers' specifications. Smoke opacity testing on the particulate-trap-equipped bus resulted in readings of 0% smoke opacity compared with a similar MAN bus with as much as 27% opacity.  Operating data are being collected to determine if the system is applicable to a four-cycle transit bus engine in a desert environment similar to that in Phoenix, Arizona.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 19 Oct 1993 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/370660</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>IMPROVED FUEL ECONOMY THROUGH LUBRICANT TECHNOLOGY IN MEDIUM-SPEED RAILROAD DIESEL ENGINES</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/209573</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Reducing fuel consumption will substantially reduce railroad operating costs.  Several means of reducing fuel consumption by reducing engine friction were evaluated in a full-scale 2240 kW (3000 hp) two-stroke locomotive engine operating under steady-state conditions.  These included reduced lubricant viscosity and the use of friction-modifier crankcase lubricant additives.  The steady-state data were combined using known duty cycles to give predicted savings in service.  A 2.5 percent reduction in fuel consumption was predicted by increasing the coolant temperature by 13.9 deg C (25 deg F), for a typical railroad medium-duty cycle.  Over this duty cycle, a multigrade SAE 20W-40 lubricant used 1 percent less fuel than an SAE 40.  No fuel savings were measured for an SAE 40 lubricant formulated from high-instead of medium-viscosity-index base stocks.  Neither lubricant soluble nor insoluble (dispersed solid) friction-modifier additives gave significant fuel savings.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 30 Oct 1984 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/209573</guid>
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    <item>
      <title>LARGE TWO-CYCLE DIESELS ARE FUEL-TOLERANT</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/160914</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Tests of off-specification fuels in a large two-cycle medium-speed diesel engine indicate that it is a very fuel-tolerant engine, able to operate without modification on fuels having properties far outside the range of No.  2 diesel fuel specifications.  The fuel system is the limiting factor in using high viscosity fuel, being unable to deliver enough fuel for normal operation above a particular viscosity for each fuel rate.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 06 Feb 1984 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/160914</guid>
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    <item>
      <title>EFFECTIVE DISCRIMINANT FOR EVALUATING THE QUALITY OF VISCOUS DAMPERS APPLIED TO EMD 20-645E3 LOCOMOTIVE ENGINES</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/172213</link>
      <description><![CDATA[In situation where many different measured parameters describe the functional performance of a system, the methods of Multivariate Discriminatory Analysis allow the accept-reject criteria to be readily determined.  This paper illustrates one such technique and demonstrates, by example, a means of estimating the quality of viscous torsional vibration dampers, where three measured parameters are associated with the determination.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 28 Oct 1981 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/172213</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>SD50 COMPLETES EMD'S HIGH-ADHESION RANGE</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/172870</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The SD50, Electro-Motive's latest six-axle heavy-haul freight loco, goes into production this summer.  Permanent parallel connection of traction motors with no field weakening cuts maintenance costs, while optimum use of adhesion is assured by super-series solid-state control of torque which keeps all six motors close to the limit without allowing excessive slip on any axle.  In this way, continuous tractive effort of 426 kN at 16 km/h can be specified with confidence, equivalent to 25 percent adhesion.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 16 Sep 1981 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/172870</guid>
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    <item>
      <title>SLOW-SPEED TWO-STROKE DIESEL ENGINE TESTS USING COAL-BASED FUELS</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/168384</link>
      <description><![CDATA[This paper describes recent performance tests of a diesel engine on coal-based fuels.  The test fuels included two coal-derived liquids, a coal/oil slurry and a coal/water slurry.  The concept of a coal-fueled diesel engine is not new.  Direct combustion of coal dust and other dry fuels in diesel engines was investigated extensively in Germany prior to 1940.  A number of small-scale experiments have also been performed in the United States since 1945.  The present tests were run in a slow-speed two-stroke engine of the type used extensively for marine propulsion applications. Performance data are presented for each of the coal-based test fuels and compared with diesel fuel operation.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Sat, 15 Aug 1981 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/168384</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>MULTI-CYLINDER DIESEL ENGINE TESTS WITH UNSTABILIZED WATER-IN-FUEL EMULSIONS</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/169278</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Two diesel engines representative of the four-stroke cycle and two-stroke cycle main propulsion units installed in U.S. Coast Guard WPB class cutters were operated in a test environment in an attempt to demonstrate significant fuel savings associated with water-in-fuel emulisions. The engine were connected to a dynamometer in a laboratory test cell. A prototype fuel system was assembled that would supply unstabilized emulsions for which the water concentration could range from zero to 25 percent of the total volume of liquid supplied to the engine as fuel. An analysis of boat operation was performed in order to identify the most frequently used engine settings, and both engines were operated at test points representative of boat prop load performance. The test results for the four-stroke cycle engine indicated that an average diesel fuel saving of about 2.5 percent could be obtained at the most frequently encountered operating using water cocentrations of 15-25 percent. Statistical analysis procedures suggest a 90 percent confidence in the measured results. Significant reductions in exhaust smoke were also observed, although the exhaust stream opacity was low throughout the tests. For the two-stroke cycle engine, no statistically significant reduction in fuel consumption could be identified. Measurements of gaseous exhaust emissions were obtained for both engines; in general, the emissions increased with the presence of water in the fuel.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Sat, 15 Aug 1981 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/169278</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>THE SD50 LOCOMOTIVE</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/164894</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The SD50 locomotive is the latest model in the Electro-Motive line of six-axle freight locomotives first introduced in 1952.  The SD50 is a 3800/3500 horsepower heavy-duty freight locomotive with a number of new features, including the new model 645F engine, the D87 traction motor, a new model AR16 main alternator and the Super Series wheel slip control system.  Ten SD50 prototype locomotives are currently in service on two U.S. railroads, four having gone into service in September, 1979, and six in December, 1980.  The SD50 locomotive transmission system provides for permanent parallel motor connections with no requirements for either motor or generator transition and no need for field shunting or weakening.  Experience to date indicates these locomotives can provide 33 percent improvement in adhesion as compared with previous model six-axle freight locomotives.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Thu, 09 Jul 1981 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/164894</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>NEW MEDIUM SPEED TWO STROKE CYCLE DIESEL ENGINE--THE GENERAL MOTORS EMD 645EB SERIES</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/166286</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The new EMD Model 645EB Series turbocharged and aftercooled two-stroke cycle medium-speed diesel engine, manufactured by Electro-Motive Division of General Motors Corporation is described regarding design features and performance.  Design details of performance-related features--the turbocharger and unit fuel injector-are discussed and fuel economy improvements quantified.  The new EB cast iron cylinder liner features a bore surface hardened with laser-beam technology in a facility believed to be the largest multi-kilowatt installation in the world today for purposes of heat treatment.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Fri, 12 Jun 1981 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/166286</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>MEASUREMENTS AND DIAGNOSIS OF DIESEL ELECTRIC LOCOMOTIVE NOISE</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/161024</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The article describes the measurement methods of noise generated by an SD40-2 diesel electric locomotive under a number of operating conditions, in idle and eight throttle settings.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 18 Feb 1981 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/161024</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>DIRECT INJECTED METHANOL FUELING OF TWO-STROKE LOCOMOTIVE ENGINE</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/160544</link>
      <description><![CDATA[One cylinder of a two-stroke cycle locomotive engine was converted to operate with methyl alcohol (methanol) as primary fuel and pilot injection of diesel fuel for ignition.  Two fueling schemes, featuring injection of methanol and pilot fuel at different locations in the cylinder, were evaluated.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 30 Dec 1980 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/160544</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>THE SEARCH FOR ALTERNATIVE DIESEL FUELS</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/160396</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Southwest Research Institute has been working since August 1978 on a research program funded by Department of Energy, FRA and AAR to investigate use of alternative fuels for medium-speed diesel engines.  In the face of increasing cost and possible supply problems for specification fuels, the program seeks to (1) identify problems associated with operation on a broad range of fuels and to develop solutions to these problems; (2) identify problems of conversion of existing engines to use of alternative fuels; and (3) disseminate the information so that all concerned might take advantage of it.  Among options being studied are off-specification fuels, hybrid fuels, broad-cut fuels, alcohols, petroleum gases, and dual-fuel operation.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Sat, 29 Nov 1980 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/160396</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>ALTERNATE FUELS FOR MEDIUM-SPEED DIESEL ENGINES</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/154735</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Tests were performed on a two-stroke cycle medium-speed diesel engine in an attempt to define the ability of this class of engines to operate on certain alternate fuels, and to define the performance characteristics of the engine under such operation.  Off-specification diesel fuels were defined as those fuels with one or more properties which did not lie in the currently accepted range of specifications for Number 2 diesel fuel.  Cetane number, viscosity, and distillation range were systematically varied as independently of other properties as was possible by blending various fuel components.  Limiting fuel properties were defined and, where possible, the influences of fuel properties on performance and emission were determined.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 08 Oct 1980 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/154735</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>THE GP-50 LOCOMOTIVE</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/150249</link>
      <description><![CDATA[In the second quarter of 1980, Electro-Motive Division will begin production of the GP-50 locomotive.  This locomotive has a number of new and unique features including: 1) the new model 16-645F engine with a gross rating of 3800 (net 3500) HP which compares to previous 16-645E engine gross ratings of 3300 (net 3000), 2) a new D87 traction motor with a continuous rating of 1170 amps as compared to its predecessor rating of 1050 amps, and 3) the first application of a "Super Series" wheel slip control which provides for controlled wheel creep with up to 33 percent improvement in adhesion as compared to conventional type wheel slip control systems.  This new GP-50 locomotive is a four-axle model which in many applications can replace six-axle locomotives.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 27 Aug 1980 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/150249</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>EXISTING DESIGN CI ENGINES INCREASE SPECIFIC OUTPUTS</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/153987</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The 13th CIMAC (International Council on Combustion Engines) Congress reviewed the latest developments in diesel engines and gas turbines.  This report concentrates on developments relating to future thinking of rail traction.  It reviews air flow and combustion, fuel injection, exhaust systems, diesel engine cycles, turbocharging, component analysis, and power units suitable for rail traction uses which covers the SNCF Hyperbar and Turbotrain experiences.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 22 Jul 1980 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/153987</guid>
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