<rss version="2.0" xmlns:atom="https://www.w3.org/2005/Atom">
  <channel>
    <title>Transport Research International Documentation (TRID)</title>
    <link>https://trid.trb.org/</link>
    <atom:link href="https://trid.trb.org/Record/RSS?s=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" rel="self" type="application/rss+xml" />
    <description></description>
    <language>en-us</language>
    <copyright>Copyright © 2026. National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.</copyright>
    <docs>http://blogs.law.harvard.edu/tech/rss</docs>
    <managingEditor>tris-trb@nas.edu (Bill McLeod)</managingEditor>
    <webMaster>tris-trb@nas.edu (Bill McLeod)</webMaster>
    <image>
      <title>Transport Research International Documentation (TRID)</title>
      <url>https://trid.trb.org/Images/PageHeader-wTitle.jpg</url>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/</link>
    </image>
    <item>
      <title>Diffusive and convective transport properties and pore-network characteristics of recycled, compacted concrete aggregates for use as road pavement materials</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2473613</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Gas transport parameters, such as gas diffusivity (Dp/D0) and air permeability (ka) of materials, and pore-network properties play important roles in the movement of gases and water vapor in road pavement layers and contribute to assessment of the urban heat island effect in urban areas. This study carried out a series of laboratory tests to measure the Dp/D0 and ka of recycled concrete aggregates (RCA) used for road base and subbase materials at variable fines contents and moisture conditions. The results revealed bimodal patterns in both water retention and the derived pore-size distribution curves for tested RCA samples. Both fines and initial moisture contents under compaction affected the characteristics of pore networks and structures, such as the effective pore space and water blockage effects that control the gas transport parameters of porous media in RCA samples. Especially, the increase of fines significantly reduced the pore-network parameters. The structure-dependent water-induced linear reduction (SWLR) model functioned well to predict the Dp/D0 of RCA samples when the air-filled porosity was less than 0.175 cm3 cm−3. The most likely windows for ka of RCA samples were predicted by equations developed from the SWLR model.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 15 Jan 2025 16:51:40 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2473613</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Physics-informed neural network for cross-dynamics vehicle trajectory stitching</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2442436</link>
      <description><![CDATA[High-accuracy long-coverage vehicle trajectory data can benefit the investigations of various traffic phenomena. However, existing datasets frequently contain broken trajectories due to sensing limitations, which impedes a thorough understanding of traffic. To address this issue, this paper proposes a Physics-Informed Neural Network (PINN)-based method for stitching broken trajectories. The proposed PINN-based method enhances traditional neural networks by integrating physics priors, including vehicle kinematics and boundary conditions, aiming to provide information beyond training domain and regularization, thus increasing method accuracy and extrapolation ability for cross-dynamics scenarios (e.g., extrapolating from low-speed training data to reconstruct high-speed trajectories). Two publicly available vehicle trajectory datasets, NGSIM and HighSIM, were adopted to validate the proposed PINN-based method, and four biased training scenarios were designed to assess the PINN-based method’s extrapolation ability. Results indicate that the PINN-based method demonstrated superior performance regarding trajectory stitching accuracy and consistency compared to benchmark models. The dataset processed using the authors' proposed PINN-based method has been made publicly available online to support the traffic research community. Additionally, this PINN-based approach can be applied to a broader range of scenarios that include physics-based priors.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Fri, 01 Nov 2024 08:52:03 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2442436</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Measuring Transport Properties of Portland Cement Concrete Using Electrical Resistivity</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2224970</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Although classification tables based on susceptibility to chloride ion permeability are recommended in AASHTO T 358, the classification levels with respect to durability parameters may or may not be adequate. Of interest for concrete pavement performance, this study verifies the recommended classification levels against standard durability testing such as corrosion, salt scaling, and freeze-thaw. The researchers conducted corrosion, salt scaling, and freeze-thaw durability tests in parallel with electrical surface resistivity testing to compare performance classifications for each method. Twenty-four mixture designs were evaluated. The designs vary in water-to-cementitious material ratio (0.4, 0.45, and 0.5 w/cm ratio), supplementary cementitious material type (100% ordinary Portland cement, 20% Class C fly ash, 40% Grade 100 slag cement, and 8% silica fume replacements), and air content (air entrained and non-air entrained). The results of the experimental study indicate that there is no clear relationship between concrete electrical conductivity and durability performance based on standard methods of testing. It may not be appropriate for the determination of durability performance of a concrete mixture for concrete pavement construction. However, the test method does present advantages, as mixtures of similar composition and design can yield the same results over time under standardized curing. Here, resistivity-time curves could be a useful tool as part of a quality control and quality assurance program to ensure consistency in concrete delivery during construction.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 28 Aug 2023 09:34:04 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2224970</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Increasing the Reliability of Formation Factor-Based Transport Property Prediction for High Performance Concrete Mixtures Through Innovative Matching Pore Solution Curing</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2166533</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Recent specifications for concrete bulk resistivity tests (ASTM C 1876 and AASHTO TP 119) recommend a submerged standard (simulated) pore solution (SPS, solution conductivity?=?78.74?mS/cm) for curing concrete specimens. The rationale for the bucket test is that immersing concrete specimens in a soak solution similar to their pore solution would eliminate the need to determine pore solution resistivity for calculating the formation factor (FF) of concrete mixtures. However, the thermodynamic modeling predictions of 91-day pore solution concentration (PSC) for eight high performance concrete (HPC) mixtures evaluated in the current study showed SPS to be a close representation only for reference ordinary Portland cement (OPC) and binary silica fume mixtures. In contrast, the average PSC of Class F and Class C fly ash mixtures was approximately 12% to 20% lower and 20% to 40% higher, respectively, than the SPS. Accordingly, an innovative matching pore solution (MPS) curing approach was developed in which mixtures are grouped based on the influence of supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs), that is, their type and replacement levels of the long-term PSC of concrete mixtures and, thereby, cured in a simulated solution matching the average PSC of a particular group. Based on experimental work in the current study, HPC mixtures under MPS demonstrated a lower coefficient of variation (COV) and more comparable (<10% difference) bulk resistivity (BR) and surface resistivity (SR) measurements compared with SPS. Moreover, the MPS improved the reliability in FF determination and FF-based transport property prediction for HPC mixtures, as verified by lower mean absolute error and improved R2 between FF-predicted diffusion coefficients and experimental measurements.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 09 May 2023 11:09:28 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2166533</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Service Life Prediction of Internally Cured Concrete Pavements Using Transport Properties</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1856890</link>
      <description><![CDATA[This paper investigates the effects of internal curing on the service life and consequently life cycle cost and environmental footprints of concert pavements. Literature studies indicate that internal curing enhances the durability of concrete through addressing shrinkage cracking, in addition to improving strength and integrity of the interfacial transition zone due to better hydration. Presented investigation relies on an experimental approach and examines transport properties of internally cured mixtures using fine lightweight expanded shale, clay, and slate aggregates according to ASTM standards. The methodology utilizes these properties and incorporates a simulation of the performance of concrete using Life 365 following fib Bulletin 34 procedures. Results include a comparative analysis of the performance of internally cured mixture in various climate zones per FHWA. Conclusions indicate the quantitative influence of fine lightweight aggregate on the extension of service life and reduction of life cycle cost, as well as environmental footprints, such as energy and emissions.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Fri, 23 Jul 2021 15:25:40 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1856890</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Comprehensive review on the transport and reaction of oxygen and moisture towards coupled oxidative ageing and moisture damage of bitumen</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1838528</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Oxidative ageing and moisture damage are key factors in bitumen degradation and asphalt pavement deterioration. The effects of oxygen and moisture on bitumen are governed by their transport and reaction processes. This paper provides an overview of theories and concepts developed to describe the kinetics, thermodynamics and mechanisms of transport and reaction of moisture and oxygen within bitumen. The moisture- and oxygen-induced changes of the physicochemical and mechanical properties of bitumen are also discussed. The aim is to summarize literature findings and conclusions and discuss the possibilities of establishing coupled moisture-oxygen models to be used for long-term pavement performance predictions.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 21 Apr 2021 16:17:50 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1838528</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Effects of Asphalt Modification of Paste–Aggregate Interface on the Transport and Mechanical Properties of Concrete</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1843635</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The addition of polymer emulsion in cement paste improves concrete impermeability. However, a high polymer emulsion content (usually 10%–20% of the mass of cement) is typically required to significantly improve the performance of concrete, which might increase material costs and decrease the compressive strength of concrete. This study seeks to develop a better method for improving concrete impermeability without significantly decreasing the concrete strength at a relatively low polymer emulsion content. In this study, the aggregates were pretreated with asphalt emulsion to concentrate hydrophobic asphalt film in the interfacial transition zone (ITZ). The effects of asphalt emulsion-coated aggregate (ACA) on the transport and mechanical properties of concrete were investigated. The aggregates were pretreated with asphalt emulsion at dosages of 0.1%, 0.4%, 0.7%, and 1.0% mass of the coarse aggregates, and the replacement percentages of normal coarse aggregates (NCA) by ACA were 10%, 30%, 50%, 70%, and 90%. Water absorption (WA) by capillarity, compressive strength, and stress-strain curves were obtained. The porosity and microhardness of ITZ around ACA were also investigated. The results indicated that the porosity of ITZ within 20  μm of the aggregate surfaces increased over two times, and its microhardness decreased by approximately 30% when the coated asphalt emulsion content increased to 0.7% and 1.0%, thus decreasing the concrete strength by approximately 20%. The WA rate was influenced by the mutual effects of the hydrophobicity of asphalt film and increased porosity in ITZ. The proper replacement percentage of NCA by ACA (30%) improve concrete impermeability and reduce concrete brittleness without significantly decreasing the concrete strength at a relatively low asphalt emulsion content (0.4% mass of coarse aggregates).]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 21 Apr 2021 16:17:49 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1843635</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Comparison between actual and simulated smoke for smoke detection certification in aircraft cargo compartments using the CFD method</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1765138</link>
      <description><![CDATA[During flight tests for certification of smoke detection systems in aircraft cargo compartments, simulated smoke is often used instead of real smoke. Previous research has noted various differences between simulated and real smoke but few studies have investigated the differences in the transport and detection of the two smoke types. This report compares real and simulated smoke using computational fluid dynamics with numerical models for the two types of smoke. The numerical models were developed in the Fire Dynamics Simulator of the National Institute of Standards and Technology and validated through experimental data. The detection properties and transport properties of simulated and real smoke were evaluated quantitatively. The smoke types were compared at the same quantity and at the same release rate. The experimental results showed that during the early stage of smoke generation the numerical values of light transmission in simulated smoke are between 10% to 20% lower than those in real smoke, making simulated smoke easier to detect. In airworthiness verification of aircraft cargo smoke detection, the equivalence between simulated smoke and real smoke should be taken into account.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 22 Feb 2021 10:21:50 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1765138</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>A study of the transport properties of emulsified asphalt powder-modified cement mortar</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1705942</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Emulsified asphalt powder (EAP) is a redispersible powder material prepared by spray drying process using emulsified asphalt as raw material that has been developed following the successful utilization of emulsified asphalt in the ballastless track structures of high-speed railways and in road and bridge engineering. In this study, the influence of EAP on the surface properties, transport properties and pore structure of cement mortar was investigated. The results revealed that EAP can improve the surface properties and reduce the transport properties of cement mortar. Furthermore, it was observed that there are intrinsic links between different transport property parameters of cement mortar incorporating EAP, and that the reduction of transport properties is essentially related to the increase of hydrophobicity and the improvement of pore structure afforded by EAP. The capillary water absorption and the drying mass loss of EAP-modified cement mortar decreased with the reduction of critical pore diameter, indicating that the addition of EAP beneficially reduced the transport properties of cement-based materials, thereby improving their durability.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Fri, 19 Jun 2020 14:19:25 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1705942</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Transport and Durability Properties of Alkali-Activated Natural Pozzolan/Slag Concrete</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1602522</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The current study aims to assess the transport and durability properties of alkali-activated concretes made with hybrid aluminosilicate precursors having different proportions of natural pozzolan as a low-calcium precursor and ground-granulated blast-furnace slag as a high-calcium precursor, which are activated with different concentrations and combinations of sodium hydroxide and sodium silicate. The studied parameters included precursor combination (natural pozzolan/slag combinations of 30/70, 50/50, and 70/30), sodium hydroxide concentration (1, 1.75, and 2.5 M), and activator combination (sodium hydroxide/sodium silicate combinations of 70/30, 75/25, and 80/20). The resulting concrete mixtures were tested for slump flow, setting time, compressive strength, absorption, rapid chloride penetration, rapid chloride migration, resistance to sulfuric acid attack, chloride-induced corrosion, and frost resistance. Mercury intrusion porosimetry and X-ray diffraction were used to justify the observed behaviors. The performance of alkali-activated natural pozzolan/slag concretes was also compared with that of a reference concrete made with solely portland cement binder. In view of overall performance, an equal proportion of natural pozzolan and slag (50/50) and a 30/70 combination of sodium silicate and sodium hydroxide proved to be the optimum precursor and activator combinations. The optimum sodium hydroxide concentration was dependent on the precursor and activator combinations as well as the expected fresh, strength, transport and durability performance. In terms of the measured transport properties (that is, absorption, chloride penetration depth, and passing charges) and resistance to acid attack and chloride-induced corrosion, all the studied alkali-activated concretes performed considerably superior to the reference portland cement concrete. In the case of frost resistance, only alkali-activated concretes with 50 and 70% slag performed superior to the reference portland cement concrete.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Thu, 27 Jun 2019 14:41:32 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1602522</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>First-Principles Methods in the Investigation of the Chemical and Transport Properties of Materials under Extreme Conditions</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1597469</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Earth is a dynamic system. The thermodynamics conditions of Earth vary drastically depending on the depth, ranging from ambient temperature and pressure at the surface to 360 GPa and 6600 K at the core. Consequently, the physical and chemical properties of Earth’s constituents (e.g., silicate and carbonate minerals) are strongly affected by their immediate environment. In the past 30 years, there has been a tremendous amount of progress in both experimental techniques and theoretical modeling methods for material characterization under extreme conditions. These advancements have elevated our understanding of the properties of minerals, which is essential in order to achieve full comprehension of the formation of this planet and the origin of life on it. This article reviews recent computational techniques for predicting the behavior of materials under extreme conditions. This survey is limited to the application of the first-principles molecular dynamics (FPMD) method to the investigation of chemical and thermodynamic transport processes relevant to Earth Science.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 24 Apr 2019 09:30:39 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1597469</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Effect of Polymer Fibers Recycled from Waste Tires on Properties of Wet-Sprayed Concrete</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1513779</link>
      <description><![CDATA[This study explores the possibility of using recycled tire polymer fibers (RTPF) as a micro-reinforcement in wet-sprayed concrete mixes. Two groups of mixes were made: sprayed concrete mixes with and without an air-entraining admixture. Each group comprised mixes with 0.9 and 1.8?kg/m3 of RTPF. To facilitate comparison, the groups contained either a plain mix, without fibers, or a mix with polypropylene (PP) fibers, usually used to control early-age cracking. The mixes were tested for their transport properties, including capillary absorption and gas permeability, freeze–thaw resistance, and autogenous and restrained deformation. Results show the beneficial effect of RTPF during freeze–thaw cycles and the deformation resistance of wet-sprayed mixes. Observed differences in the transport properties between mixes with and without air entrainment are explained by changes in pore structure, tested using mercury intrusion porosimetry (MIP).]]></description>
      <pubDate>Thu, 19 Jul 2018 14:44:21 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1513779</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Transport Properties of Limestone-Containing Self- Consolidating Concrete</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1475192</link>
      <description><![CDATA[This study examined the effects of limestone powder as a partial replacement for cementitious materials on transport properties of self-consolidating concrete (SCC). Several SCCs were prepared with a uniform powder content (cement + fly ash + limestone) and water-cementitious materials ratio (w/cm) of 475 kg/m³ (800 lb/yd³) and 0.45, respectively. Class F fly ash substituted 20% by weight of cement and up to 30% of total cementitious materials was replaced with limestone powder. A slump flow of 635 ± 25 mm (25 ± 1 in.), visual stability index of 1, and passing ability of 25 ± 12.5 mm (1 ± 0.5 in.) were used for all studied mixtures. The devised experimental program contained compressive strength, absorption, sorptivity, rapid chloride penetration (RCPT), rapid chloride migration (RCMT), water penetration depth, and chloride diffusion. Inclusion of limestone powder improved absorption, volume of permeable voids, capillary absorption, water penetration depth, and RCPT. Compressive strength and RCMT improved marginally, whereas a slight negative effect was observed for chloride diffusion.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Thu, 27 Jul 2017 10:05:07 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1475192</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Improved Transport Properties of Mortar by Graphene Oxide Modified Surface Sealer</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1439094</link>
      <description><![CDATA[In this study, the authors tested transport properties of mortar samples treated by graphene oxide (GO) modified sealers. Two ways of GO modification were implemented on a commercial concrete sealer. Both of them improved performance of the selected sealer. Moreover, water contact angle and porosity of treated mortar samples were tested. A strong linear relationship between water absorption rate and surface free energy was established. Also, the authors found a linear relationship between gas permeability coefficient and porosity. The results in this research suggested that GO modified concrete sealer has the potential to improve the durability of concrete. Future work may focus on mechanistic investigation of GO modification and laboratory evaluation of practical performance of GO modified sealer.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Sun, 26 Mar 2017 17:39:28 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1439094</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Impact of Deicing Salts on Transport Properties of Concrete</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1437486</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The ingress of deicing chemical solutions into hardened concrete can profoundly affect its physical and chemical properties. It is a known fact that salt solutions are highly conductive in comparison with pure water and expected to alter concrete’s electrical resistivity, as well as other transport properties. In this study, the influences of three deicing salts (NaCl, CaCl₂, and MgCl₂) on the transport properties of cementitious materials were investigated using four different test methods: surface resistivity (SR), rapid chloride penetrability (RCPT), sorptivity and apparent chloride diffusion (D sub a). It was observed that transport properties are influenced by different factors when exposed to deicing salts and, as a result, none of the tests should be used as a surrogate for the determination of the diffusion coefficient. A good correlation was only found between SR and RCPT.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 07 Mar 2017 17:27:57 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1437486</guid>
    </item>
  </channel>
</rss>