<rss version="2.0" xmlns:atom="https://www.w3.org/2005/Atom">
  <channel>
    <title>Transport Research International Documentation (TRID)</title>
    <link>https://trid.trb.org/</link>
    <atom:link href="https://trid.trb.org/Record/RSS?s=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" rel="self" type="application/rss+xml" />
    <description></description>
    <language>en-us</language>
    <copyright>Copyright © 2026. National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.</copyright>
    <docs>http://blogs.law.harvard.edu/tech/rss</docs>
    <managingEditor>tris-trb@nas.edu (Bill McLeod)</managingEditor>
    <webMaster>tris-trb@nas.edu (Bill McLeod)</webMaster>
    <image>
      <title>Transport Research International Documentation (TRID)</title>
      <url>https://trid.trb.org/Images/PageHeader-wTitle.jpg</url>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/</link>
    </image>
    <item>
      <title>Waste Collection Driver On-Boarding Program</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2071861</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The City of Toronto welcomes approximately 90 new waste collection drivers each year who are assigned to drive and operate a variety of waste collection equipment. Due to Toronto’s urban landscape, drivers must learn to navigate the narrow streets, laneways, parks, and various obstacles on the shared roadways. While drivers are required to have a D-Z licence, they may not have experience with highly specialized waste collection vehicles, making job specific training crucial to ensure the safety of our employees and the public. In 2019, the City’s Solid Waste Management Services and Fleet Services Divisions launched a refreshed on-boarding program for waste collection drivers that focuses on behaviour modeling, substantial practice, and dialogue, a combination shown to be highly effective in health and safety training. A new, specialized training site was opened in 2020, the Keele Valley Driver Training Facility, which hosts both in-class and hands-on training in a controlled environment, safely removed from pedestrians or other vehicles. The classroom component of the training program includes presentation and discussion style instruction as well as small group learning sessions. New waste collection drivers complete health and safety orientation courses, learn safe working procedures, are trained on job-specific hazards, and are instructed in safe road use and operations. The on-road training includes pre- and post- trip inspections, backing-up, stopping, bike lanes, turning, bin handling, fueling, unloading, and handling road hazards. During this training, new hires are assessed by peer–to-peer mentors and are required to demonstrate their knowledge and skills before they are deemed competent to start their on-the-job training. Over eight weeks, drivers are evaluated on their competency and only then provided additional training for more complex vehicle equipment. This graduated approach ensures that staff demonstrate their ability to drive and operate the complex equipment on the vehicle. At the end of the training period, drivers are assessed to demonstrate proof of competency in the safe operation of equipment.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 29 Nov 2022 14:17:03 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2071861</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>WAYS OF IMPROVING DRIVER TRAINING</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1066114</link>
      <description><![CDATA[THE STUDY WAS CONCERNED WITH THE POSSIBILITY OF IMPROVING DRIVER TRAINING.  THE FOLLOWING AREAS WERE COVERED: THE TEACHING SYSTEMS OF PROGRAMMED INSTRUCTION, INSERTIONS IN THE MEDIA, SIMULATORS, DRIVER TRAINING, INDIVIDUAL ASSESSMENTS.  RESULTS: (1) THE USE OF OVERLAPPING INSTRUCTION SYSTEMS CAN MEAN A CLEAR IMPROVEMENT IN DRIVER TRAINING, AS THEY TAKE INTO ACCOUNT BASIC PEDOGOGICAL AND DIDACTIC PRINCIPLES.  POSITIVE REPORTS ON EXPERIENCE ARE AVAILABLE.  (2) PROGRAMMED INSTRUCTION IMPROVED LEARNING IN THEORETICAL DRIVER TRAINING.  IT REMAINS TO BE CLARIFIED WHICH FORM AND FOR WHICH SPECIALISED AREAS THE PROGRAMMED INSTRUCTION IS BEST APPLIED.  (3) THE EFFECTIVENESS OF INSERTIONS IN THE MEDIA HAS NOT BEEN SUFFICIENTLY CAREFULLY STUDIED.  (4) THE INTRODUCTION OF SIMULATORS DOES NOT APPEAR TO BE JUSTIFIED  ACCORDING TO RESULTS TO DATE OF RESEARCH IN DRIVING SCHOOL OPERATION.  (5) THE BASIC TRAINING AT A DRIVING SCHOOL IS SEEN IN THE LIGHT OF THE EMPIRICAL REPORTS AS POSITIVE IN THE SENSE OF BETTER VEHICLE CONTROL AND SAFER  DRIVER BEHAVIOUR EVEN IN THE COURSE OF FURTHER TRAINING.  BENEFIT COST ANALYSIS IS YET TO BE CARRIED OUT.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Sun, 21 Nov 2010 10:09:54 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1066114</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>RETRAINING OF RECENTLY QUALIFIED DRIVERS</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1056133</link>
      <description><![CDATA[THE OBJECT OF THE RESEARCH WAS TO TEST THE SELECTION AND RETRAINING OF YOUNG RECENTLY QUALIFIED DRIVERS WHO HAD COMMITTED TRAFFIC OFFENCES IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE SO-CALLED BAST-MODEL AND THE SO-CALLED BAST-DVR-MODEL.  THE  BAST-DVR-MODEL CONTAINS, IN ADDITION TO THE GROUP DYNAMICALLY ORIENTATED  BAST PROGRAMME, A PRACTICAL DRIVING PART TO BE CARRIED OUT ON THE TEST CIRCUITS IN HANNOVER AND HAMBURG.  137 OUT OF 812 INVITED PERSONS TOOK PART  IN 7 COURSES WITH THE BAST-MODEL AND 13 COURSES WITH THE BAST-DVR-MODEL.   THE PRESCRIBED SELECTION CRITERIA WERE PROVED TO BE TOO NARROW AND HAD TO BE WIDENED.  COURSES INVOLVING A POINT REBATE SYSTEM DURING DRIVER APTITUDE EVALUATION WERE MORE SUCCESSFUL.  THERE WAS LITTLE DIFFERENCE IN PARTICIPANTS' LIKING OF COURSES WITH OR WITHOUT THE PRACTICAL DRIVING ASPECT.    THE COURSES WERE GENERALLY SUCCESSFUL, BUT THERE WERE LIMITATIONS ON THE USE OF SOME OF THE MEDIA.  THE PRACTICAL TESTS WERE MAINLY CONSIDERED POSITIVE BY THE PARTICIPANTS, BUT COULD BE IMPROVED IF THEY WERE COMBINED WITH ASPECTS DEALING PARTICULARLY WITH ACCIDENT AVOIDANCE.  NO EVALUATION HAS BEEN MADE OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF THE COURSES WITH RESPECT TO THE REDUCTION OF ACCIDENTS AND OFFENCES.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Sun, 21 Nov 2010 04:48:25 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1056133</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>A review of motorcycle training</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/905269</link>
      <description><![CDATA[This report summarises the findings from an in-depth study undertaken during 2005 in order to obtain an understanding of how current motorcycle training operated, and to obtain views from training organisations and from 'umbrella' organisations on how training was being delivered and how it could be improved. Specifically the project objectives were to identify participants' views on the core training and skills required by motorcyclists and to investigate what was considered 'best' training practice. The report presents a view of motorcycle training that takes account of material obtained from a range of project tasks (interviews, surveys and observation), specific relevant EU projects, together with the team's knowledge of the general literature and research thinking on driver/motorcycle training, testing and licensing. The report discusses ways in which some of the issues in motorcycle safety might be addressed by means of training and related interventions. It makes suggestions for good practice when delivering training and also identifies some changes to the testing/training/licensing system that could be considered as ways of improving motorcycle safety. (A)]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 23 Nov 2009 10:17:25 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/905269</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>OFF-ROAD FACILITIES FOR TRAFFIC SAFETY EDUCATION AND NOVICE DRIVER TRAINING: A CAUTIONARY TALE</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/720958</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Despite the lack of scientific evidence that off-road facilities such as children's traffic schools and driver-training centres contribute to reduced road accident risk among target groups, support for off-road training and education survives in some sectors of the community.  This paper reviews the Australian and international research evidence regarding the efficacy of off-road traffic schools for young children and the use of off-road driver training for novice drivers.  The reasons why programs provided at such facilities contribute little to reduced road accident risk/involvement among children and novice drivers are discussed.  Alternative approaches such as children's traffic clubs for young children are also considered.  On-road experience building programs, such as those promoted by VicRoads and TAC, are presented as superior alternatives to off-road driver training for beginning drivers.  The paper concludes that resources invested in off-road traffic schools for young children and off-road driver training for novice drivers represent a poor road safety investment and divert scarce funds and community attention away from better-based accident reduction initiatives.  It is recommended that local government, community organisations and funding bodies bear this in mind when addressing road safety needs at the local or regional level. (a) For the covering entry of this conference, please see ITRD abstract no. E206098.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 08 Jul 2002 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/720958</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>TRAINING OF EMERGENCY ROUTINES</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/304398</link>
      <description><![CDATA[This article described research into a method to train young child cyclists to recognize and to react to an emergency situation.  The emergency routine taught consisted of fast braking, steering to the footpath, and stopping.  The present experiment studied the feasibility of teaching such a routine in primary schools, and also studied the optimum content of such lessons, whether they should be repeated, and whether they were effective or not.  Twenty two children were sent to the road user training circuit in haren to practise the relevant routine.  Two practice sessions were given, with a 4 week break between the two.  The second practice was undertaken mainly to ascertain the level of skill attained by the children after only one practice.  The results showed that the children improved rapidly.  However there was hardly any improvement between the first and second practice session, which showed that one lesson should be sufficient.  The practice procedure was designed to show whether practice with simple devices such as a whistle and a footpath was as good as practice with more realistic devices, such as blowing a car horn right behind the child. It was found that the simple devices were indeed as effective as the latter.  The routine was recommended for incorporation into traffic safety lessons.  Instructions and materials could easily be included in the existing traffic safety programme "streetwork" produced by the Dutch road safety organization (vvn). (TRRL)]]></description>
      <pubDate>Thu, 31 May 1990 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/304398</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>EVALUATION OF THE THEORY OF EDUCATION LOVO DRIVER TRAINING CAMPS</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/303744</link>
      <description><![CDATA[In continuation of the positive results of a small scale test with one driver training camp at the end of 1987, (see IRRD 812350) 21 new driver-training camps were organized in 1988.  These driver-training camps varied in duration (10 or 14 days), the numbers of intern or external pupils during those days, the location of the training (on a training ground or on the public road), the distribution of the sex of the pupils, the number of pupils in a group etc. These 21 driver-training camps were evaluated in this report.  The learning results of these camps were much better than those obtained with normal training.  A very positive result could be seen by women who attended the camp as intern pupils. They had a much better result than the external ones.  From this evaluation, it was concluded that this kind of driver-training can lead to good learning results if they fulfilled the following conditions: (1) training must be cursory in set up and execution; and (2) the pupils' progress must be evaluated daily by the instructors so that correction may be administered if necessary.  (TRRL)]]></description>
      <pubDate>Sat, 31 Mar 1990 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/303744</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>DRIVER TRAINING CAMP. RESULTS OF A TEST</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/291341</link>
      <description><![CDATA[In October 1987 a small test was made in a so-called driver training camp: a cursory education of ten days during which the course members were "interned".  21 persons participated.  The driver training was a mix of theory lessons directed to practice, practical lessons on a traffic training ground, and practical lessons on public roads.  The training camp is distinguished, compared with more regular driver training, by: (1) systematizing (training by an explicit plan); (2) intensifying (number of lessons and as regards content); and (3) integration (mutual attuning of different learning and teaching methods).  The test has shown clearly how such a camp could be organized. Furthermore the test has shown that the chances of passing the driving test is greater than that afforded by normal driver training. (TRRL)]]></description>
      <pubDate>Fri, 31 Mar 1989 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/291341</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>ONGOING DRIVER TRAINING STUDY 1987. VARIA II</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/280344</link>
      <description><![CDATA[In the continuous driver training study held by traffic test yearly among those people who want to obtain their driving licence questions were asked about transport mode, distance to work, driving under particular circumstances, penalties and fines for traffic offences, accidents during the driver training, driving training grounds, energy conservation and driving, and about the driving-instructor.  Almost 50% of the driving licence candidates think that there will be a change in their transport mode when they have passed their examination.  The number of those persons going now by bus will decrease by 64%.  Older candidates and women drive more slowly under bad weather conditions.  Candidates think that the penalty or fine for driving while under the influence of alcohol is the highest as compared to other traffic offences.  (TRRL)]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 31 Aug 1988 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/280344</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>TRAINING EFFECTIVENESS OF DRIVING RANGES</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/213676</link>
      <description><![CDATA[In this study different methods of training vehicle-control were compared.  These methods resulted from a factorial combination of three variables: (1) driving range or public road; (2) with or without presence of an instructor in the car; (3) whole-day driving or twice a week.  In total there were six conditions studied; two, in which trainees had to drive alone on the public road had to be left out.  Results showed that driving range-training needed more time than public road training. Range-training resulted in better vehicle-control but in less efficient looking behaviour. Massed practice, i.e. whole-day driving, leads to better vehicle-control and better high-speed driving than distributed practice, i.e. driving twice a week.  (TRRL)]]></description>
      <pubDate>Fri, 31 Jan 1986 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/213676</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>STUDY OF TRAINING GROUNDS: EXPERIENCE AND EVALUATION BY USERS OF DRIVER TRAINING ON A TRAFFIC TRAINING GROUND</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/212337</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Traffic training grounds were introduced in the Netherlands after experiences in other countries, especially in the USA, Japan, The Federal Republic of Germany and France.  By segregation at the beginning of driving instruction in vehicle handling and education in traffic behaviour, driver training should become more efficient and be improved.  By driving lessons being given on a training ground.  Traffic safety is improved, because other road users are not hindered by learners.  In 1981 the first training ground was opened officially.  There are now four training grounds in the Netherlands.  The main purpose of this report was to obtain an insight into the experience and appraisal of pupils of driver training on such grounds.  Interviews were held and the results show a positive attitude towards using the training grounds for initial driver training, but attitudes depended on the age and sex of the person interviewed.  (TRRL)]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 31 Jul 1985 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/212337</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>CYCLE CENTRE AIMS TO REDUCE ACCIDENT TOLL</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/203965</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The layout of Vale Farm Traffic Safety Centre, Sudbury, London Borough of Brent, is illustrated.  Road conditions provided include junctions, road signs, traffic lights, pedestrian crossing and a hedge which when fully grown will obscure a bend.  It occupies the site of two disused tennis courts.  The local authority suggest that this is a useful low cost addition to a cycle proficiency training scheme. (TRRL)]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 30 Jul 1984 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/203965</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>TRANSPORT BILL: THE PROPOSED TWO-PART MOTORCYCLE DRIVING TEST--A CONSULTATION PAPER--PURPOSE AND BACKGROUND</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/185782</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The report details the UK government's proposals for a two-part test for motorcycle riders as part of measures to improve the safety or motorcyclists.  The first part of the new test would be an off-street handling exercise while the second part would be similar to the present on-street test. It is intended that generally the part 1 testing could be carried out by training bodies within the framework of general motorcycle training courses, while the department of transport will remain responsible for part 2 of the test. The dtp would be prepared to meet the demand for part 1 testing which cannot be handled by authorised bodies. Details of the part 1 motorcycle off-street handling tests are included.  The report is intended to attract further comment from interested bodies before final conclusions are reached.  (TRRL)]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 30 Apr 1984 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/185782</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>A COMPARISON OF ON-ROAD AND OFF-ROAD DRIVER TRAINING</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/194062</link>
      <description><![CDATA[This study investigated the effects of different training courses on young, male learner drivers.  The primary aim was to determine whether there are any specific advantages in using an off-road training area.  Almost 800 subjects, randomly allocated to one of four experimental groups were involved in this study.  Two of these groups participated in a four-day course at an off-road training centre which included approximately 5 hours behind the wheel training. The third group received the same amount of practical training but less theoretical instruction.  The control group was given no formal training.  The results of this study indicated that off-road training did not appear to facilitate the acquisition of driving skill and there was no apparent difference in accident or conviction record between the four groups.  There were greater improvements in attitude and knowledge test scores for the groups trained at the off-road centre, but these differences did not appear to be closely related to accident or conviction record. (Author/TRRL)]]></description>
      <pubDate>Sun, 30 Oct 1983 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/194062</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>TRAINING ON OR OFF THE ROAD</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/166442</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The author uses evidence from available research to discuss the value of off-road training areas for those learning to use powered vehicles.  The main advantage is the increased safety of an off-road area and the lack of annoyance to other road users.  The various techniques can also be introduced in the correct sequence.  However, transfer problems are likely to occur when a skill learnt on a track has different aspects in real life.  It is unlikely that off-track methods will be more economic than others but they could be more efficient in that several pupils can be trained at a time.  Experimental results have shown little difference with driving performance of those trained on roads on on an off-street area.  It would appear that a limited amount of initial training can usefully be spent on an off-road area but attempts to make such training facilities too elaborate can be counter-productive.  (TRRL)]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 16 Sep 1981 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/166442</guid>
    </item>
  </channel>
</rss>