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    <title>Transport Research International Documentation (TRID)</title>
    <link>https://trid.trb.org/</link>
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    <language>en-us</language>
    <copyright>Copyright © 2026. National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.</copyright>
    <docs>http://blogs.law.harvard.edu/tech/rss</docs>
    <managingEditor>tris-trb@nas.edu (Bill McLeod)</managingEditor>
    <webMaster>tris-trb@nas.edu (Bill McLeod)</webMaster>
    <image>
      <title>Transport Research International Documentation (TRID)</title>
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      <link>https://trid.trb.org/</link>
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    <item>
      <title>Estimating Percentile Speeds with Probe Vehicle Data on Non-Freeways</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2720348</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Accurate estimation of percentile operating speeds on arterial roads is crucial for calibrating crash-prediction models, evaluating eligibility conditions for traffic safety countermeasures, and informing speed-management decisions. Existing percentile-speed estimation models were developed for specific regions, so their transferability to other geographical jurisdictions needs to be evaluated. To fill this gap, this study develops and validates an 85th-percentile speed (V85) model for non-freeway arterials using probe vehicles, field surveys, and roadway data. A dataset comprising sixty spot-speed surveys (forty-two urban and eighteen rural) collected in Maryland from 2019 to 2025 was matched to corresponding INRIX segment speeds, roadway geometric attributes, and traffic volumes. Ordinary-least-squares regression analyses were conducted for urban and rural settings, incorporating key variables including INRIX segment speed, posted speed limit, directional annual average daily traffic, segment length, lane width, access density, signal density, and functional-class indicators. The proposed model demonstrated high predictive accuracy for both urban and rural segments, achieving substantial error reductions compared with the baseline Texas A&M Transportation Institute model and a locally calibrated model. The findings also show that the posted speed limit is essential in rural V85 estimation and remains useful in urban contexts. The model also supports network screening for segments that may warrant speed management or safety review.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Sat, 04 Jul 2026 16:35:22 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2720348</guid>
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    <item>
      <title>Urban Traffic Network Connectivity and Efficiency Evaluation (Through the Example of Iraq)</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2408104</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The article offers a method to evaluate the connectivity and efficiency of urban traffic networks with the use of various indices (through the example of Iraqi cities). The existing indices, which are used for similar evaluation, have been considered and analyzed, and a traffic network planning algorithm has been proposed. The connectivity and efficiency of the traffic network in Najaf (Iraq) was evaluated, using the proposed algorithm. To be able to evaluate the traffic network properties, a public transport analysis was carried out, main directions of the traffic flows were identified; the actual traffic network was presented as a simplified network based on the graph theory (topology map). A survey was carried out and preliminary forecast was made to enhance the efficiency of the urban traffic network in Najaf. The number of links needs to be increased for all the indices of the traffic network in Najaf. If recommendations to modify the Najaf traffic network are followed, this will enable debottlenecking, reduce the number of car accidents and cut the transportation costs. It is recommended to use the proposed method to evaluate and enhance urban traffic networks.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Fri, 29 Aug 2025 10:03:45 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2408104</guid>
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    <item>
      <title>Data Source Importance Evaluation for Highway Networks: A Complex Network-Based Approach</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2422905</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Data collection technologies or data sources are critical for highway network management. However, due to the limitations on available management resources, determining the importance of these data sources is necessary to allocate these resources reasonably. This study proposes a complex network based method for evaluating the importance of multiple data sources in highway networks. This method includes mainly three steps. First, the business-data source relation will be identified and formulated for the highway network. Second, a business data source complex network is built from the previously identified business-data relationship. Third, an entropy weight method is used to compute and rank the importance of data source nodes by combining three indexes of degree centrality (DC), closeness centrality (CC) and structural holes (SC) computed based on the complex network. The proposed method is applied and illustrated using the highway network of Xuzhou City, Jiangsu Province, China. The results show that among the data sources, the most important data source is the continuous traffic survey station, followed by an automatic gantry-based station and vehicle detectors-based system. Discussions on the limitations, applications and future studies are provided for the proposed approach.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 17 Sep 2024 09:27:24 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2422905</guid>
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    <item>
      <title>How Late Reporters Effect Data Quality in Longitudinal Surveys – Experiences From the German Mobility Panel</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2325433</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Survey design always has a significant influence on the outcomes. Therefore, this paper investigates how follow-up campaigns affect survey outcomes and response rates in longitudinal surveys. Furthermore, it is assessed how late reports in the fall affect survey outcomes. The analyses are based on the unique data of the German Mobility Panel. Overall, this paper paints a broad picture of the methodological aspects and overlapping effects that should be considered before starting the fieldwork of longitudinal surveys. The results indicate that people who are reminded to participate positively influence the survey outcomes - even when the report is belated.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Thu, 22 Aug 2024 15:11:13 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2325433</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Travel Mode Choice in Large Cities of China Based on Loss Aversion Theory</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2203836</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Public transportation priority development is a basic policy to solve the problem of travel of Chinese people. Firstly, the author analyzes the means of urban traffic and their characteristics in China, then point the factors affecting their choice and the method professors used to study. Secondly, using the traffic survey analysis, prepare the questionnaire to determine factors which are important to the choosing of travel mode. Thirdly, construct the main factors related variables and passenger travel will of the asymmetric response model with multiple linear regression method. Finally, through the analysis of the status quo of China's urban traffic and passengers will travel model of asymmetric response, and from policy implementation, technical standards and the law-making, give some suggestions improve urban transportation system structure, improve the urban living environment, and ease urban traffic.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Thu, 25 Jul 2024 17:12:26 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2203836</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Traffic Measurements for Development a Transport Model</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1972754</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The process of building a transport model requires carrying out extensive traffic measurements and travel behaviours analyses. Part of traffic measurements is used: in the process of building a transport model, to determine structure of demand for transport and to verify the quality of the developed model. It is important to adopt an appropriate research methodology and scope of research, tailored to the needs of developing a transport model using the four-step trip-based travel demand modelling process. This article is devoted to the review of methodologies, according to which Comprehensive Traffic Survey was implemented in recent years in Poland. Case study of the construction of a transport model for the city of Bielsko-Biała was shown. The ways of representing the results of researches and measurements of road traffic have been presented.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Sun, 19 Nov 2023 18:05:10 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1972754</guid>
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    <item>
      <title>Analysis and Design of a Flyover Over a Railway Cross</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1974485</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Heavy traffic congestion is observed in Guruvayur town. The main reason for this is the closure of railway gate for the passage of trains at Guruvayur–Choondal road. In order to solve this problem, planning and constructing a flyover bridge over railway crossing may be a viable option. A traffic flow survey is done in order to determine the traffic volume in the area, and a questionnaire survey is carried out to check the necessity of the flyover. Analysis of the flyover is performed in SAP 2000 software. In addition, a comparative analysis of the deflections produced in a pier when reinforced with steel and shape memory alloy (SMA) is done.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 22 May 2023 16:36:23 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1974485</guid>
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    <item>
      <title>Guide for Manual of Instructions for Traffic Surveys 1976</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2122588</link>
      <description><![CDATA[This manual describes in detail the process for inventorying the use of highways. Included in the inventory is the volume, distribution of type, and weight characteristics of the traffic using the highways. This information is needed during the process of planning, designing, and operation of an efficient highway program.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Thu, 23 Mar 2023 16:41:01 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2122588</guid>
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    <item>
      <title>Escaping the heat: Climate change and visitation to the Lake Tahoe basin</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2120749</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The Lake Tahoe Basin of California and Nevada is a popular destination for visitors. As temperatures rise globally, visitation to this climatic refuge is likely to grow. Increased visitation contributes to increases in vehicle miles of travel (VMT), congestion, crashes, emissions, and deteriorating travel experiences at Lake Tahoe, while also contributing to friction between visitors and residents. Policymakers are exploring ways to mitigate these problems, but one key uncertainty to first address is exactly how many visitors are in the Tahoe Basin at a given time and how and where they travel while there. It is also unclear how visitation is influenced by heat in the nearby lower-elevation population centers during the summertime, which is when visitation is the highest. This study thus seeks to 1) quantify day and overnight visitors in the Tahoe Basin, 2) estimate VMT attributable to each group, and 3) model the influence of hot temperatures nearby on visitation and VMT within the Tahoe Basin. The authors use existing survey data, network GIS analysis, and publicly available weather data to model the relationship between particularly hot conditions and vehicle flow through two of the region’s primary entry points and estimate in-basin VMT attributable to travel through them. The authors evaluate several ways of defining “hot conditions” nearby and find that between 500 and 1,200 additional vehicles enter the basin at these two points alone, generating an additional in-basin daily VMT of about 12,000 to 33,000 when hot conditions exist. Quantifying the magnitude of the challenge enables managers to design and scale interventions to mitigate impacts.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 21 Mar 2023 09:22:11 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2120749</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Critical gap in roundabouts – a short comparison of estimation methods</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2023376</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Gap-acceptance method is one of the classical methods used to analyze the capacity of roundabouts. Critical gap has a privileged role in this approach. Different driver behavior and local rules of traffic have key role in implementing gap-acceptance method into the local standard for capacity calculation in each country. Therefore, a reliable method for estimation of critical gap at a certain location can be of great importance. This paper presents an experimental investigation and analysis on whether it is possible to find differences between estimating critical gap using video-based gap acceptance data of roundabouts in Hungary. Three single lane roundabouts of different size were recorded for hours in different locations in Budapest and Érd to assess gap acceptance data. Three different methods or models were used to estimate critical gap and no significant differences were found between their results.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Thu, 17 Nov 2022 10:15:18 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2023376</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Lane-Level Vehicle Counting Based on V2X and Centimeter-level Positioning at Urban Intersections</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1923072</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Accurate vehicles counting for all-weather in cities are an important part of traffic management in the application of Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS). Vehicle counting is currently collected with computer vision and sensor network methods. However, these methods require expensive hardware to achieve real-time and anti-interference capability, and do not provide lane-level vehicle information for ITS traffic management. This paper presents a lane-level vehicle counting system that is based on V2X communications and centimeter-level positioning technologies. This system can be used to traffic survey of ITS at a range of urban intersections. For realizing lane-level counting, a lane determination method is designed with on-board units (OBUs) in this paper. The lane is identified by matching the vehicle positioning information with road information from the roadside unit (RSU). The RSU collects the vehicle counting information from OBUs in different instances. The counting information includes the vehicle location data, the vehicle status data, and the vehicle number of each lane in the range of intersections. Verification and analysis were performed by a hardware-in-the-loop simulation platform. The results showed an average vehicle counting accuracy rate (99.60%). The system enabled the collection of real-time statistics with low-power consumption and low latency, providing accurate data to ITS.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 29 Mar 2022 16:52:52 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1923072</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Traffic surveys and GPS traces to explore patterns in cyclist’s in-motion speeds</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1904659</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Speed and travel time of cyclists play important roles in the cyclist’s route choice and therefore there is a growing need on estimating the dynamic attributes of cyclists. Being able to quantify bicycle speeds on various facilities can help provide suitable accessibility measures based on estimates of travel time by bicycle and to calibrate and validate microsimulation models of cyclist’s behavior. Route choice and speed profiles may vary significantly among cyclists, depending on infrastructure characteristics as well as their personal characteristics (e.g., physical fitness and risk perception). The aim of this paper is to quantify how the personal and network attributes influence the cyclist’s speed, combining a big data sample of 270,000 GPS traces recorded in the city of Bologna, Italy, with a manual traffic survey. The novelty of the study regards the application to the data set of an algorithm that estimates travel times from map matched GPS traces and associates them with infrastructure attributes, after a successful validation of the data sample with manual observations and after testing its representativeness. The algorithm first estimates cyclist’s trip waiting times and those recorded on specific infrastructure elements from the GPS traces – which represents an innovation in the literature - and then obtains travel time as a difference with the trip duration. Results are sometimes different from those obtained in other studies, show a high correlation between the cyclist’s dynamic attributes and both cyclist’s typology and infrastructure attributes. The most interesting results are that average travel speed increases with road width, the number of lanes, road length and road priority. In the case study, average speeds on larger roads shared with motorized vehicles are even greater than those on separate level bikeways, which contradict previous studies. Male cyclists record on average an 11% higher speed than women, and faster cyclists have an age between 25 and 35 years old. Frequent cyclists are on average 5% faster than infrequent cyclists and cyclists even increase the average speed during rush hour of approximately 2%, without being affected by traffic congestion.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Fri, 28 Jan 2022 09:15:19 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1904659</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Research on the Scale of Parking Area of Observation Deck on an Ordinary Highway</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1897471</link>
      <description><![CDATA[There are many studies on the design of the parking area of highway service facilities, but there is no clear standard specification. From the existing research on highway service facilities, the authors find that the scale of a highway observation deck is mainly controlled by the scale of the parking area. In view of the deficiencies of the research, this paper builds a prediction model of the vehicle entry rate of an ordinary highway viewing platform based on a BP neural network, and uses Matlab software and field survey data to test the model. The reliability of the prediction model is verified. According to the parameters such as passenger car entry rate, peak rate, parking turnover rate and vehicle size, the scale of the observation deck parking area under different passenger vehicle traffic volumes on ordinary highways is obtained through the calculation formulas given by existing specifications and research.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 25 Jan 2022 17:29:49 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1897471</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Quantifizierung des Umgebungsverkehrs eines Fahrzeuges durch die Messung von Straßenabrieb</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1755394</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Mithilfe von Floating Car Observern (FCO) kann der Verkehrszustand um ein fahrendes Kraftfahrzeug (Kfz) ermittelt werden. Die Arbeit untersucht die Verwendung von an Testfahrzeugen befestigten kostengünstigen Feinstaubsensoren zur Abschätzung des umgebenden Verkehrsaufkommens. Dafür wird der Effekt der Aufwirbelung von auf dem Straßenbelag befindlichen Feinstaub durch Kfz genutzt. Eine Feldstudie zeigt, dass gemessene PM1- und PM2,5-Feinstaubwerte mit der Anzahl der vorausfahrenden Kfz des Testfahrzeugs (gemessen mit einer Dashcam) korrelieren. (A)]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 06 Oct 2021 09:19:29 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1755394</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>The Permeable Performance Testing of the Level Intersection – Case Study</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1867826</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The article deals with the assessment of the permeable performance of a level intersection. The case study uses the results of the authors directional intersection traffic survey, supported by the outputs of the national traffic census and forecasts of traffic development in the given road section. The assessment of the design of the intersection solution is performed alternatively without a motorway section and after its commissioning. The main goal of case study is to analyze the traffic characteristics of the original level of uncontrolled intersection and to assess the proposal of a new transport organization with the intention to increase the safety and fluidity of traffic as the main prerequisite for increasing the resilience of the intersection.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 31 Aug 2021 11:22:56 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1867826</guid>
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