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    <copyright>Copyright © 2026. National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.</copyright>
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    <managingEditor>tris-trb@nas.edu (Bill McLeod)</managingEditor>
    <webMaster>tris-trb@nas.edu (Bill McLeod)</webMaster>
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      <title>INTERMODAL ROUTING OF CANADA-MEXICO SHIPMENTS UNDER NAFTA</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/542857</link>
      <description><![CDATA[This paper obtains the optimal routings for intermodal containerized transport from Canada to Mexico. Such traffic is being stimulated by the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA), but the cost and lead times of feasible routes are not well known. The authors summarize the links and routes to Mexico on which one or more carriers now operate, and then determine non-dominated tradeoffs between cost and service. Every southbound route from Canada requires a transshipment point in the southern or southwestern U.S. Feasible transshipment points are also candidate locations for a manufacturing "twin plant", a distribution center, or a transportation hub. Here, as a first step in this bigger problem, a network is constructed between five Canadian origins and three important Mexican destinations.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Thu, 14 Jan 1999 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/542857</guid>
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      <title>INCREASING U.S. TRUCK SIZE AND WEIGHT REGULATIONS UNDER NAFTA: THE BRIDGE DIMENSION</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/477478</link>
      <description><![CDATA[In the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) nations, Canadian and Mexican truck size and weight limits are substantially higher than those permitted on the Federal aid system of the United States. Currently, a NAFTA Land Transportation Standards subcommittee is considering a variety of truck related issues, including size and weight harmonization. If this process selects a typical Canadian or Mexican heavy truck as the NAFTA configuration, productivity gains will need to be balanced against the marginal increase in infrastructure costs. This paper evaluates the impacts of adopting two of the most widely used truck types -- one Mexican, one Canadian -- on the bridge system of the U.S. Interstate highway network. It uses a model specifically designed to calculate bridge impacts at the network level, and reports both replacement costs for the deficient structures and the user delay costs incurred when the structures are being reconstructed.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 27 Apr 1998 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/477478</guid>
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      <title>THE COMPETITIVE STATUS OF THE U.S. CIVIL AVIATION MANUFACTURING INDUSTRY: A STUDY OF THE INFLUENCES OF TECHNOLOGY IN DETERMINING INTERNATIONAL INDUSTRIAL COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGE</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/473289</link>
      <description><![CDATA[This report on the civil aircraft manufacturing industry was conducted by the U.S. Civil Aviation Manufacturing Industry Panel, which was convened by the Committee on Technology and International Economic and Trade Issues of the Office of the Foreign Secretary, National Academy of Engineering and the Commission on Engineering and Technical Systems, National Research Council.  Following a lengthy summary, the contents of the report are presented in the following chapters:  (1) Overview of the U.S. Civil Aviation Manufacturing Industry; (2) The Present Environment; (3) Growing Government Involvement in Trade; (4) International Trade, Technology Transfer, National Security, and Diplomacy; (5) Competitive Assessment of Technology; and (6) Key Policy Issues.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Thu, 26 Mar 1998 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/473289</guid>
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      <title>INTERMODALISM: 40 YEARS YOUNG</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/481693</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Intermodalism is celebrating its 40th birthday. In human terms, the age of 40 represents a level of maturity based on experiences and perhaps a better sense of what the future could still offer. With intermodalism, however, 40 years marks an age that lies perhaps somewhere between a teenager and a young adult: it thinks it has all or at least most of the answers about life's challenges and opportunities, but still is not absolutely sure about how to deal with it. This is especially true when it must face major driving forces such as new and emerging technologies, faster changes in global trading patterns and continued national and international deregulation. Finally, it most likely will be challenged with another sense of uncertainty, namely, where and how the industry will identify and keep qualified decision makers and technical operators in the coming decades as the industry becomes more complex and diversified.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Thu, 20 Mar 1997 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/481693</guid>
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      <title>LINKING OR ISOLATING ECONOMIES? A LOOK AT TRUCKING ALONG THE TEXAS-MEXICO BORDER</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/466244</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) has generated considerable discussion; however, limited time has been spent on the transportation sector's response to the additional projected trade among and within the three nations.  This report focuses on some of the NAFTA transportation issues pertaining to Mexico and the United States (U.S.), particularly trucking issues at the Texas-Mexico border.  Chapter 1 is a brief introduction and outline of the report.  Chapter 2 discusses the integration of the U.S. and Mexican economies.  Chapter 3 discusses the role of President Carlos Salinas de Gortari in the "Mexican Transportation Revolution."  Chapter 4 is a review of the economic impacts of NAFTA as it has been implemented.  Chapter 5 examines the demand for trucking infrastructure along the U.S.-Mexico border.  Chapter 6 addresses other trucking issues related to U.S.-Mexico trade including those concerning domestic service in Mexico.  Policy implications and additional evidence to support the discussions in this volume are provided in Chapter 7.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 03 Feb 1997 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/466244</guid>
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      <title>CEN STANDARDIZATION IN THE SCOPE OF EC LEGISLATION</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/464885</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The European Community has developed the "the Construction Products Directive" (CPD) which will affect the construction industry among many others. Barriers to trade can be both specific national technical standards and specific national requirements related to such product aspects as health and safety in use. It will be clear that for the road building industry the CPD and the harmonized EN-standard will have important consequences. The CE-mark, to be affixed to approved products, will strongly interfere with the common way of quality control in the asphalt industry operating on a public market. However, the CPD does not require member states to impose standards in construction work. It is thus of great importance that all parties (road authorities and industry) develop clear viewpoints in this matter and that it takes a clear position.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 30 Oct 1996 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/464885</guid>
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      <title>RAIL TRANSPORT OF CANADIAN GRAIN TO MEXICO: SOME IMPLICATIONS OF NAFTA</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/465024</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The purpose of this paper is to explore the changes favoring an increase in rail transport between Canada and Mexico, and the factors that still create problems.  The liberalization of trade with Mexico, under the auspices of the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA), is creating interest in the transportation connections to this market.  There are several political, economic and technological trends that are moving in favor of increased Canada-Mexico rail movements.  This is particularly evident in the potential for rail movements of grain from Western Canada to Mexico.  Mexican policies of trade liberalization, de-regulation and privatization are creating new investment opportunities and encouraging innovations that will improve the cost/service of rail transportation.  Strategic alliances are being forged between Canadian, U.S. and Mexican carriers that will make the railways more competitive with alternative shipping modes.  Despite the progress, some problems that have hampered rail transport to Mexico remain unresolved. The inefficiency of the Mexican railway diminishes its dependability as a strategic alliance partner, but given its monopoly position, the interlining U.S. and Canadian rail carriers have no other choice.  Another chronic problem is the congestion at the border crossings, and within the Mexican rail system.  Finally, obstacles to the development of north/south grain movements also remain in Canada.  These obstacles include federal freight subsidies encouraging east/west routes, grain car allocation regulations deterring imports of foreign rail cars, and the special permission required to use government owned hopper cars outside of Canada.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 16 Oct 1996 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/465024</guid>
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      <title>THE ENVIRONMENT AND NAFTA: UNDERSTANDING AND IMPLEMENTING THE NEW CONTINENTAL LAW</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/460356</link>
      <description><![CDATA[In this book, two internationally known experts examine the environmental implications of both the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) and the related North American Agreement on Environmental Cooperation (NAAEC).  The authors consider the context in which those implications were brought to the negotiating table, the legal mechanism established to address them, and the original trilateral institution set up to maintain a continent-wide level of environmental cooperation.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Thu, 01 Aug 1996 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/460356</guid>
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    <item>
      <title>MAKING THINGS WORK: TRANSPORTATION AND TRADE EXPANSION IN WESTERN NORTH AMERICA. VOLUME 7. COMMISSIONED SPECIAL REPORTS. DISPARITIES IN THE LAW AND PRACTICE OF SURFACE TRANSPORTATION OF GOODS BETWEEN THE U.S. AND MEXICO</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/422516</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The report is Number 1 of six commissioned reports contained in Volume 7 of the 7 volume TransNET West project final report on Transportation and Trade Expansion in Western North America.  It describes and analyzes disparities in shipment documentation practices, U.S. and Mexican bills of lading and the private law relating to bills of lading, regulatory liability, insurance coverage and freight charge regulation.  It reviews unification models and makes recommendations for harmonization of law and practice.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Thu, 27 Jul 1995 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/422516</guid>
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      <title>OVERWEIGHT CONTAINER STUDY. FINAL REPORT</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/367899</link>
      <description><![CDATA[This summary report describes a study that defines the overweight container problem within Washington State and the national level.  The study reviews various approaches to the problem as well as potential solutions.  Intermodal containers can meet internationally agreed-upon weight limitations (International Standards Organization (ISO)) and industry specifications for ships, cranes, railcars, or barges; however, when they are placed on a truck, they may violate the federal weight limits.  Export containers pose a more serious problem than do import containers.  About 24% of export containers moving through Washington's seaports, and 12% of import containers exceed maximum weight limits.  The study concludes that resolution of this problem would require a uniform federal policy at the national level.  The availability of accurate container weight information throughout any given journey is critical.  Such information can be used by ports or the Electronic Interchange System to identify violators.  Most overweight containers can meet legal requirements with the use of special chassis.  Encouragement of the use of such equipment should be a policy priority.  Special corridors that are not subject to weighing requirements in the vicinity of ports should eliminate some of the problem, particularly for rail containers. Any enforcement measures should, however, consider the impact on the efficiency of the transport system, the competitiveness of the state's seaports, and the impact on the trade.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 23 Nov 1993 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/367899</guid>
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    <item>
      <title>A RENEWED AND STRENGTHENED PARTERNSHIP: AMERICAN GOVERNMENT AND AMERICAN BUSINESS</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/382298</link>
      <description><![CDATA[This speech extols the current state of the American auto industry, applauds President Bush's attempts at trade agreements with Japan, and lends support to a strong partnership between government and business.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 28 Sep 1993 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/382298</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>AUTO INDUSTRY COMPETITIVENESS: WALKING THE TALK</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/382288</link>
      <description><![CDATA[This speech explains the various problems the U.S. has in the following areas: environmental damage; racial tension; unemployment; illiteracy; loss of confidence in leadership; our trade relationship with Japan and Europe; and the lack of business sponsorship by our government. The author presents a number of solutions to these problems and to problems with the American automotive industry.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 27 Sep 1993 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/382288</guid>
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      <title>COMPETITIVENESS PERFORMANCE: MORE THAN EARNINGS PER SHARE</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/382279</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The speakers focuses on eleven points that the U.S. needs to address: an education system that provides the world's best-prepared workers; competitive health-care systems that maintain high quality standards at world-class cost levels; a full competitive after-tax cost of capital with a major portion of the "peace dividend" going to reduce the cost of capital investment; progrowth tax policies that encourage research and development and private investment; controlled growth of government spending; reform of the tort liability system; coordinated monetary, fiscal and trade policies to assure competitiveness in world markets; a more aggressive approach to the balance of trade problems; exchange rates that reflect the clout of home markets; regulations evaluated to ensure the benefits to society justify the costs; and closer cooperations between business, government, labor, and educational institutions on meeting competitive and societal goals.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Fri, 24 Sep 1993 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/382279</guid>
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    <item>
      <title>LOOKING BACK, LOOKING AHEAD</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/382276</link>
      <description><![CDATA[In this presentation, Mr. Iacocca discusses competitiveness among Europe, Japan and the U.S. and some of the reasons our country's automobile manufacturers find themselves handicapped when competing with foreign auto makers. He asserts that what really hurt the Big Three (Ford, G.M., Chrysler) is that Japanese companies adapted much faster and better than we did to the changes of the past twenty years.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Fri, 24 Sep 1993 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/382276</guid>
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      <title>MEXICO UPGRADES INTERMODAL</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/378132</link>
      <description><![CDATA[With the North American Free Trade Agreement moving toward reality, the National Railways of Mexico (FNM) is improving its abilities to handle containers.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Fri, 02 Jul 1993 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/378132</guid>
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