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    <copyright>Copyright © 2026. National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.</copyright>
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    <managingEditor>tris-trb@nas.edu (Bill McLeod)</managingEditor>
    <webMaster>tris-trb@nas.edu (Bill McLeod)</webMaster>
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      <title>Transport Research International Documentation (TRID)</title>
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    <item>
      <title>HYDROPLANING WITH LIGHTLY-LOADED TRUCK TIRES</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/362796</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The investigators adapted a mobil dynamometer for measurement of truck tire traction under wet conditions. They examined tire factors, speed, and pavement textures, and develop computer simulations of behavior of empty trucks.  These models then assessed using lightly loaded trucks in test conditions.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Sun, 31 May 1992 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/362796</guid>
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      <title>FIELD TEST OF STUDDED AND NON-STUDDED WINTER TIRES: SUBJECTED RATING BY TAXI DRIVERS</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/361699</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The study is part of an investigation concerning the possibilities of reducing road wear caused by studded tires which the Swedish Road Administration and the Swedish Road Safety Office were asked to carry out by the Swedish Government in autumn 1988.  The study evaluates the differences in driving characteristics between winter tires with studs and non-studded winter tires of friction tire type.  It was carried out in traffic in Stockholm by means of subjective rating by taxi drivers.  The time period was from Nov. 1 1988 to April 1, l989.  As an objective reference, tire data concerning stud protrusion, static stud force and friction on ice were measured on some of the tires used in the study.  The drivers were of the opinion that studded tires were needed on icy roads during 26% of the driving periods.  For the rest of the time the friction tires were considered as equally good.  It was noted that the friction tires were less noisy than the studded tires. The stud protrusion was about 1 mm at the start and between 0.5 and 0.7 mm at the end of the test period.  During severe ice conditions the measured friction was about twice as high for the new studded tires as for the friction tires.  Worn studded tires with about 0.6 mm stud protrusion had about the same friction as non-studded tires.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Sat, 29 Feb 1992 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/361699</guid>
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      <title>TYRES AND NOISE</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/364236</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Road noise is a complicated subject which depends on many factors: topography, road surface, vehicle construction, and tyre type among them. The author spoke to the experts at Pirelli to learn a little about how tyres and surfaces interact.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Fri, 31 Jan 1992 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/364236</guid>
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      <title>TIRE SAFETY. JANUARY 1980-AUGUST 1991 (CITATIONS FROM THE NTIS DATABASE)</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/361351</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The bibliography contains citations concerning the interaction of an automobile or aircraft tire that results in reduced traction, skidding, or complete loss of contact under certain conditions.  Included are citations on the composition and characteristics of highway and runway pavements, skid resistance, water film and water depth studies, tread engineering, friction or lock-up measuring equipment. (Contains 98 citations with title list and subject index.)]]></description>
      <pubDate>Fri, 31 Jan 1992 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/361351</guid>
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      <title>ROAD GRIP OF WINTER TIRES ON ICE</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/356916</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The investigation is part of a larger project concerning studded tires carried out in 1988-89 by the Swedish Road Safety Office and the National Road Administration at the request of the Swedish Government.  The results indicate that the improvement in friction on very slippery ice with studded tires can bring about a reduction of the braking distance to half its value without studs.  Friction caused by the studs increased with the number of studs and their protrusion and decreased with wear.  Roughening of the ice by studs improved friction considerably.  Speed had little influence on the friction level.  The results with different test equipments were similar under equal conditions.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Thu, 31 Oct 1991 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/356916</guid>
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      <title>RECONSTRUCTION OF MOTOR VEHICLE ACCIDENTS: A TECHNICAL COMPENDIUM. ROLLOVER POTENTIAL OF VEHICLES ON EMBANKMENTS, SIDESLOPES, AND OTHER ROADSIDE FEATURES</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/355176</link>
      <description><![CDATA[This paper presents results of a computer simulation analysis to examine the potential of roadside features for inducing vehicle rollover. A modified version of the Highway-Vehicle-Object Simulation Model (HVOSM) incorporating a tire/deformable-soil interaction model was verified by full-scale vehicle tests and used to predict the dynamic responses of representative small and large automobiles traversing various roadside terrain for both tracking and nontracking departures from the roadway.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 30 Apr 1991 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/355176</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>WHEELS AND TRACKS IN SNOW. SECOND VALIDATION STUDY OF THE CRREL SHALLOW SNOW MOBILITY MODEL</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/350037</link>
      <description><![CDATA[This report presents and analyzes winter mobility data obtained during the winters of 1988 and 1989 at the Keweenaw Research Center, Houghton, Michigan. Traction data (1989) for the HMMWV, HEMTT, SUSV and M60 military vehicles, and the CRREL instrumented vehicle, are presented for hard-packed snow and for undisturbed snow overlaying ice. When these data are compared with an equation for undisturbed snow over soil or packed snow, slight reductions in traction are observed. Resistance data obtained in 1988 and 1989 are evaluated based on a combined vehicle-snow parameter. An empirical equation based on this parameter and data from all the vehicles, including the CRREL instrumented vehicle using several different width tires, is developed. The resistance data and the empirical resistance equation are compared with the CRREL shallow snow mobility model (SSM2.0). THe SSM2.0 predicted resistance is within 50% on average. The empirically derived resistance equation is slightly worse. The report recommends further research on vehicle motion resistance in snow.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Sun, 31 Mar 1991 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/350037</guid>
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      <title>THE USE OF SILICA FOR IMPROVING TREAD GRIP IN WINTER TYRES</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/348564</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The use of silica as a partial replacement for carbon black in treads for winter tyres has been examined.  The results indicate that, if a proportion of the black is replaced by silica, the ice grip of tyres treaded with oil-extended natural rubber/butadiene rubber blends can be significantly improved without loss in wet grip and with little or no loss in wear resistance.  Field trials under winter driving conditions have confirmed these findings.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Fri, 30 Nov 1990 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/348564</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>WET-WEATHER RIDING</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/216726</link>
      <description><![CDATA[This article, written for motorcyclists, offers a close-up on wet-weather treading--on the tire and the road.  It covers traction, tread patterns and grooving, wet pavement conditions, wet-weather riding techniques, easing up on rear braking, lane markers, manhole covers, railroad crossings, raingrooves, tire life, and psychology.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Sun, 30 Jun 1985 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/216726</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>TIRE/ROAD INTERACTION STUDIES TO REDUCE NOISE AND IMPROVE WET GRIP</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/197136</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Studies have been made of the factors involved in tire/road noise with a view to reducing the intensity of the total noise level by modification of both the tire tread pattern and the materials used for road surfaces. The work covers test results on automobile tires over a wide range of road surfaces, and includes testing of automobile tires on indoor replica road surfaces, to separate the surface-excited and the tread pattern-excited components.  Figures relating noise level in dry conditions to braking grip in wet conditions show that it is possible to increase wet grip and still reduce noise level by using suitable road surface materials.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 30 Jan 1984 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/197136</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>INTERFACE STUDY OF RUBBER-ICE FRICTION</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/172768</link>
      <description><![CDATA[To further understanding of road tyre grip on icy roads, laboratory equipment has been developed to study the contact interface formed between rubber and ice. It became clear that rubber can adhere well to cold ice but, on ice near its melting point, adhesion and friction are lost.  The evidence presented here suggests that this loss is determined more by the properties of the ice than by the properties of the rubber.  (Author/TRRL)]]></description>
      <pubDate>Thu, 22 Dec 1983 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/172768</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>BUYING AN USED FOUR-WHEEL-DRIVE</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/187912</link>
      <description><![CDATA[In this second of a 2-part article giving advice to buyers of used four-wheel-drives, it is recommended that the buyer test drive the vehicle and seek answers to certain questions. These questions are listed and discussed. The questions relate to such aspects as engine firing, engine noises, engine gauges, brightening and dimming of headlights with changing of the rpm, brake pedals, engine knock, steering control, transmission noises, brakes, turning radius, tire grip, gear shifts, and engine leaks. It is emphasized that safety considerations should always come first. Therefore, the most important check items should be the tires, brakes and steering.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 28 Feb 1983 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/187912</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>RADIAL VS. BIAS: NO CONTEST?</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/181875</link>
      <description><![CDATA[As the cost of trucking continues to rise, the question of the superiority of radial tires to bias ply tires becomes crucial. This article reviews the differences between the two kinds of tires and the performance of radial tires: retreading capability, traction, noise, wear on rough roads, radials and light loads, rolling resistance, puncture resistance, and high speed durability. Tips on vehicle handling and how to maximize savings by paying attention to tire selection, inflation, vehicle alignment, tire mating, mixing, rotation and retreading are included. Tips from Goodyear on these points are listed in a box.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Thu, 30 Sep 1982 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/181875</guid>
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