<rss version="2.0" xmlns:atom="https://www.w3.org/2005/Atom">
  <channel>
    <title>Transport Research International Documentation (TRID)</title>
    <link>https://trid.trb.org/</link>
    <atom:link href="https://trid.trb.org/Record/RSS?s=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" rel="self" type="application/rss+xml" />
    <description></description>
    <language>en-us</language>
    <copyright>Copyright © 2026. National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.</copyright>
    <docs>http://blogs.law.harvard.edu/tech/rss</docs>
    <managingEditor>tris-trb@nas.edu (Bill McLeod)</managingEditor>
    <webMaster>tris-trb@nas.edu (Bill McLeod)</webMaster>
    <image>
      <title>Transport Research International Documentation (TRID)</title>
      <url>https://trid.trb.org/Images/PageHeader-wTitle.jpg</url>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/</link>
    </image>
    <item>
      <title>A Tachograph-Based Approach to Restoring Accident Scenarios From the Vehicle Perspective for Autonomous Vehicle Testing</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2610697</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Long-tail scenarios are of great significance in improving the testing efficacy of autonomous vehicles, but they are difficult to collect due to their inherent randomness and high risk. The low-cost, high-value videos of vehicle-perspective accidents stored in tachographs provide a potentially important source for long-tail data collection. However, the lack of multisource synchronization information and the unknown, diverse camera parameters in tachograph videos make it difficult for the existing methods to accurately extract key information. In response to these issues, this work proposes a vehicle-perspective accident scenario restoration framework based on tachograph videos. First, using preprocessed accident videos as the input, a scenario semantic understanding module was constructed to help extract the pixel trajectories, conduct parameter calibration, and obtain pixel road boundaries. Then, robust detection and tracking algorithms were used to extract the pixel trajectories. Furthermore, a high-precision calibration algorithm was proposed based on the Geometrically Salient Feature Bundle Adjustment (GSFBA). Finally, the camera parameters were used to perform an inverse perspective transformation on the pixel coordinates, the actual road boundaries were extracted based on the mapping strength of the pixel road boundaries, and the trajectory information was optimized using a systematic trajectory processing module. The proposed method was verified at multiple levels based on both two simulation scenarios and two real-world scenarios. The results show that the proposed framework in this work can obtain the key information of the scenario with a high degree of restoration accuracy. It was effectively applied to the restoration process of accident scenarios.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Fri, 27 Mar 2026 17:03:29 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2610697</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Are Commercial Vehicle Operators Ready for Implementing Tachographs into Light Commercial Vehicles?</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2627768</link>
      <description><![CDATA[As of July 2026, a provision from Regulation (EU) 2020/1054 will come into force for all operators of light commercial vehicles (LCVs) between 2.5 and 3.5 tonnes performing international transport or cabotage. The installation of tachographs will become mandatory for these vehicles, and drivers will follow the rules governing mobile workers. The purpose is to improve road safety and working conditions for drivers within the European Union and the AETR framework. Additionally, due to the increasing number of registered LCVs, the provision aims to ensure fairer working conditions among competing companies. The objective of this study was to gain insight into the awareness among Slovenian transport companies regarding the upcoming changes, their preparedness, and the applicability of mobile worker rules to LCV operators. The study also aimed to identify the key factors influencing compliance with the new regulations. We received 231 responses from Slovenian transport companies, with 132 representing companies operating LCVs. Descriptive and inferential statistical methods were applied to analyze the data. Based on ANOVA, it was found that most operators are not prepared for the changes and have not yet begun preparing. Correlation analysis revealed that among companies that previously were not required to install tachographs, awareness of the change was much lower. Larger companies using LCVs were shown to be much better positioned for the transition to the new regulations and are unlikely to feel pressured by the upcoming changes. For the successful implementation of these changes, authorities should enhance communication with transport companies to allow a longer preparation period ahead of regulatory enforcement.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 27 Jan 2026 16:16:17 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2627768</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Status of Driver State Monitoring Technologies and Validation Methods</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2593915</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Distraction and fatigue in commercial vehicle drivers increase the risk of crashes, and delayed or no braking by drivers increases the severity of crashes. The authors reviewed driver state monitoring systems (DSMs) to test and validate their performance. The authors also gauged time scales for future development of DSMs. Based on the findings, the authors developed a scenario for the implementation of performance standards for DSMs. They also estimated the potential of digital tachographs in complementing legislation on commercial vehicle drivers’ hours and monitoring.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 22 Oct 2025 09:02:18 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2593915</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Tachograph - Monitoring Device for Greater Road Traffic Safety</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2539912</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The tachograph, as a monitoring device, will play a key role in improving road traffic safety. This sophisticated device records and tracks driver activities, including working hours, rest and breaks, helping to ensure compliance with driver working conditions regulations. Accurate driving time tracking reduces the risk of driver fatigue and potential road accidents. Speed monitoring and driving performance analytics provided by the tachograph contribute to increased safety. Along with the warning system, tachographs enable quick reactions to potential risks, providing an additional layer of protection for drivers and other road users. In addition, integration with technologies such as GPS enables efficient route tracking, route optimization and reduction of transportation costs. Taking into account all these aspects, the tachograph is not only a means of monitoring, but also a key partner for companies that want to improve driver safety, reduce risks on the roads and achieve efficiency and compliance with road traffic regulations.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 06 May 2025 16:40:48 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2539912</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>The Use of Digital Technologies to Provide Condition Monitoring and Modes of Vehicle Operation</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1975314</link>
      <description><![CDATA[An integral part of the processes of management and communication support of modern transport and logistics systems is the use of technologies for remote information monitoring of the parameters of the technical condition when operating the vehicle. The task is to take into account the peculiarities of remote control by means of the IT modes of operation and rest of the driver while ensuring a control of the technical condition. The purpose of the study is analysis the interaction of monitoring tools to ensure compliance with the modes of operation taking into account road, transport, climatic conditions, etc. The initial data for monitoring is information about technical condition, safety and performance. A specialized digital tachograph equipped with a GPS monitoring unit is envisaged for the operation of the monitoring system. The results of joint interaction of technical means are presented.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Thu, 23 Feb 2023 09:31:13 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1975314</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Design and implementation of a novel algorithm to smart tachograph for detection and recognition of driving behaviour</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2021614</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Losses in accidents involving heavy vehicles, where the use of tachograph devices is mandatory, are higher than other vehicles in terms of death, injury and cost. Existing tachographs do not provide any information on how to make turns and lane changes. Aggressive driver behavior can cause a significant portion of traffic accidents and fuel consumption. In this study, a low-cost inertial measurement unit (IMU) sensor module is mounted to the tachograph to detect lateral maneuvers. To detect maneuvers such as right-left turns and lane changes with high accuracy, the edges of the events are firstly captured with Gyroscope-Z data and start/end of the maneuvers are detected. Then, a new algorithm is proposed that scores the turn maneuvers by combining the averages of the Gyroscope-Z, Accelerometer-X and speed data in the maneuver. In practice, it has been observed that the algorithm approaches 100% accuracy in detecting turns and 88% accuracy in lane changes.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Fri, 14 Oct 2022 08:53:22 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2021614</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Directions of Counteracting Manipulations of Digital Recorders in the Light of the Safety Functioning of the Digital Tachographs System</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1827552</link>
      <description><![CDATA[A tachograph which belongs to the group of ORD devices is the oldest recorder (On Board Recording Devices), and the duty of taking it was led into the USA already in 1939. In order to solve all these problems, they led with Directive of Advice No. 2135/98 from 24 September 1998 of the August of 2004 from the beginning of in the area of the European Union, new type of registering setting up in the road transport - digital tachograph. In order to make it impossible to abuse, a complex system of keys was applied cryptological and of certificates, saved in grating and devices, letting for explicit determining entitlements of users and authenticities of data, cards and devices. In spite of using the most modern keys and securing systems, with respect to elements of the system of digital tachographs a lot of modus operandis were observed so that they registered wrong sizes. The European Union took right action in order to prevent, nevertheless they must be implemented into the everyday life. This paper includes information about level of manipulation of digital tachograph and their elements, ways of manipulation of digital tachograph and future ways of counteracting manipulations.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 24 May 2022 10:05:05 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1827552</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>TachogrApp: Feasibility Study and Cost Analysis of Developing a Tachograph Based on Smart Technologies</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1919794</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The tachograph is a crucial tool for controlling compliance with EU rules on driving and rest times of drivers which aim at ensuring adequate working conditions, prevent distortions of competition and eliminate risks to road safety. This feasibility study assesses the strengths and weaknesses of the existing EU framework for the use of tachographs in road transport, and investigates a possibility of developing a new type of smart recording device based on the latest digital technologies. This study will be used to stimulate reflection and discussions on possible future solutions for the tachograph in the European Union. Any follow-up to this study will depend on the outcome of the reflection period and discussions which will take place. Throughout the reflection process, the Commission will pay particular attention to the costs that any possible future solution may result in for different stakeholders, as well as other important aspects that are essential in a digital transition, including data privacy and security characteristics.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Fri, 01 Apr 2022 08:58:21 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1919794</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Examination of the development of the number and use of trucks up to 3.5 tons total weight</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1867773</link>
      <description><![CDATA[In EU Member States, it is still the case that, except where provided for by national law, the rules on access to the occupation of road transport operator do not apply to undertakings engaged in the occupation of road transport operator exclusively by motor vehicles with a maximum permissible laden weight not exceeding 3,5 tonnes or combination vehicle with the specified maximum weight. The European Commission has pointed out for long time that the number of such companies or vehicles operating both nationally and internationally are also growing. In order to avoid possible gaps and to ensure, through common rules, a minimum level of professionalisation in the sector in which vehicles used exclusively for the carriage of goods with a maximum permissible laden weight not exceeding 3,5 tonnes are used, thereby approximating the conditions of competition between all operators. Requirements for access to the profession should become mandatory for operators using motor vehicles or combinations of vehicles intended exclusively for the carriage of goods in international transport, the maximum permissible laden weight of which exceeds 2.5 tonnes but does not exceed 3.5 tonnes. Therefore, the aim of the paper is to examine the development of the number of trucks up to 3.5 tons in the past time in the Slovak Republic and Poland, but also their use in traffic surveys on a selected transport network in the Slovak Republic. The results of the survey show a relatively large share of these vehicles in the statistics of newly registered vehicles as well as a large share in the traffic flow and on the highway between the two countries. Tightening the requirements for access to the profession and introducing the obligation for digital tachographs to control the driver’s driving mode will have implications for logistical planning, especially for long-distance express services.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Fri, 27 Aug 2021 14:59:58 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1867773</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>An Indicator for Evaluating Regional Safety Performance using In-vehicle Hazardous Driving Event Data</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1759902</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The evaluation of traffic safety levels is a fundamental aspect of supporting the establishment of safety policies and technical countermeasures by local governments. Existing safety indices that use actual crash data have limitations for the achievement of more active safety enhancement because long-term data collection is required to obtain sufficient samples. A promising alternative is to use indirect safety measures, which can be further upgraded in the era of big data, in the evaluation of traffic safety. This study proposes a novel safety indicator based on in-vehicle hazardous driving event data that is obtained from on-board devices, called digital tachographs (DTG), in Korea. The DTG-based indicatorex for evaluating traffic safety (DIETS), which is a probabilistic measure for quantifying the safety levels of local governments, was developed based on binary logistic regression (BLR) analyses. Hazardous driving events identified from DTG data were analyzed to derive independent variables in BLR modeling. DIETS is expected to facilitate the effective decision-making of local governments for the development and implementation of safety policies.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Thu, 04 Feb 2021 11:00:49 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1759902</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Road Slipperiness Detection Using Digital Tachograph Data</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1759209</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Faced with high rates of traffic accidents on slippery roads, it is recommended that road managers promptly identify the slippery spots, remove the slipperiness and inform drivers of the location of the dangerous spots on the route ahead, to allow them to prepare for the slipperiness. In this paper, the wheel slip-based and wheel acceleration-based approaches are suggested for detecting road slipperiness using sensor data from a digital tachograph (DTG), which is mandatory in commercial vehicles. Support vector machine algorithms were employed to categorize slippery and non-slippery states. The performances were outstanding (with accuracy more than 98%) when evaluated using experimental data, collected on a road weather-proving ground. Considering a large number of commercial vehicles equipped with DTG devices which are connected via celluar communications, the suggested methods could be practically applied to real-world DTG-based fleet management systems.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Thu, 04 Feb 2021 10:54:40 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1759209</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Decisions on truck parking place and time on expressways: an analysis using digital tachograph data</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1719222</link>
      <description><![CDATA[With the objective of deriving useful insights into measures against traffic congestion at service areas (SAs) and parking areas (PAs) on expressways and ensuring efficient use of SAs/PAs, this study investigated the decisions on where a truck is parked (i.e., choice of an SA or a PA), how long it is parked (i.e., parking time), and their influential factors. To this end, this study used the trajectory data of 1600 trucks recorded in 6-min intervals by in-vehicle digital tachographs on the Sanyo and Chugoku Expressways in Japan from October 2013 to March 2014. First, the aspect of repeated choice of each truck (i.e., habitual behavior) toward a specific SA/PA was clarified. Next, a multilevel discrete–continuous model (Type II Tobit model) was developed to reveal the factors affecting the above decisions. The modeling results confirmed the existence of habitual behavior and showed that trucks were more likely to be parked a longer time at an SA/PA when it is closer to the destination. It appears that truck drivers may adjust their time at the SA/PA close to the destination to comply with the arrival time, which is often predetermined by the owner of the transported goods. Furthermore, the availability of restaurants and shops, and the number of parking spaces available for trucks and trailers are important determinants of parking time, whereas the existence of a convenience store is important to the choice of the SA/PA. Parking experience has an extremely strong positive effect on the parking choice and use. Moreover, increasing the number of parking lots may induce its longer use.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 28 Jul 2020 17:37:36 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1719222</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Hydrodynamic performance of a vertical axis tidal current turbine with angular speed fluctuation</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1656092</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The angular speed of vertical axis tidal current turbines (VATTs) should undulate in one periodic rotation given their inherent special structure. A coupled dynamic numerical simulation method is presented to study the effect of angular speed fluctuation on the performance of a VATT. The CFX User Fortran interface is applied to simultaneously solve the fluid conservation and rigid motion equations. The angular speed and acceleration of the turbine at specific time steps are determined by solving the moment equation of the rigid blade, and the force on the blade is obtained from the dynamic integral of the fluid field. The numerical simulation and experimental results suggest that coupled numerical simulation is necessary for small moment of inertia because the amplitude of the angular speed fluctuation is approximately 28% of the average value. Undulation of the load and the moment caused by unsteady angular speeds will reduce the turbine’s energy extraction.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 20 Nov 2019 09:49:17 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1656092</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Analysis of Commercial Truck Drivers’ Potentially Dangerous Driving Behaviors Based on 11-Month Digital Tachograph Data and Multilevel Modeling Approach</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1648037</link>
      <description><![CDATA[This study analyzed the potentially dangerous driving behaviors of commercial truck drivers from both macro and micro perspectives. The analysis was based on digital tachograph data collected over an 11-month period and comprising 4373 trips made by 70 truck drivers. First, different types of truck drivers were identified using principal component analysis (PCA) and a density-based spatial clustering of applications with noise (DBSCAN) at the macro level. Then, a multilevel model was built to extract the variation properties of speeding behavior at the micro level. Results showed that 40% of the truck drivers tended to drive in a substantially dangerous way and the explained variance proportion of potentially extremely dangerous truck drivers (79.76%) was distinctly higher than that of other types of truck drivers (14.70%˜34.17%). This paper presents a systematic approach to extracting and examining information from a big data source of digital tachograph data. The derived findings make valuable contributions to the development of safety education programs, regulations, and proactive road safety countermeasures and management.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 18 Sep 2019 09:16:57 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1648037</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>A Study into the Factors Affecting the Number of Taxi Trips in Toyohashi, Japan</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1509739</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The current situation for the Japanese taxi industry is very severe, especially in regional areas. An ever-decreasing number of passengers are using these services, and the government and taxi industry are trying to improve the currently unfavourable business environment. In order to do this, it is necessary to first understand how the characteristics of taxi journeys are affected by temporal and spatial changes. This study aims to elucidate the actual usage of taxis in a regional city in Japan, Toyohashi, by analysing digital data recorded from taxi trips, which were collected automatically by digital tachographs equipped with GPS. The authors also analysed the characteristics that affected taxi usage in individual districts using multiple regression analyses.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 27 Aug 2018 14:04:11 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1509739</guid>
    </item>
  </channel>
</rss>