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    <title>Transport Research International Documentation (TRID)</title>
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    <copyright>Copyright © 2026. National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.</copyright>
    <docs>http://blogs.law.harvard.edu/tech/rss</docs>
    <managingEditor>tris-trb@nas.edu (Bill McLeod)</managingEditor>
    <webMaster>tris-trb@nas.edu (Bill McLeod)</webMaster>
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      <title>Transport Research International Documentation (TRID)</title>
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    <item>
      <title>NOTE ON SURFACE WIND-DRIVEN FLOW</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/148056</link>
      <description><![CDATA[A simple operationally oriented model of surface wind-driven currents is presented in which lagrangian surface drift is assumed to be composed of a linear combination of a wave-induced stokes drift plus a wind-driven ekman drift. Using this approach, stokes drift accounts for as much as half the total surface current magnitude.  The lagrangian current is predicted to be about 3.5% of the 10 M wind magnitude directed in the sense of an ekman spiral about a 20 degree deviation angle.  For comparison to this model, a second model is proposed that accounts for the interaction of stokes current and coriolis force.  An inference drawn from this model is that there is only weak coupling between coriolos force and stokes drift.  Such a conclusion, if correct, leads one to focus attention on the lagrangian model for operationally oriented current estimates.  Results of the lagrangian model agree with observations of investigators for currents at the air-sea interface and may have application in the movement of oil slicks or surface drifters at sea under fetch or duration limited sea states.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 27 Feb 1980 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/148056</guid>
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    <item>
      <title>ALONG-SHORE COHERENCE OF WINDS ALONG THE NORTH ALASKAN COAST FOR OIL SPILL ANALYSIS</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/54344</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Forecasting the movement and dispersal of spilled oil along the Alaskan North Slope coast requires the description of the wind field(s).  From analysis of available data there appears to be three regimes: a western regime (represented by data from Barrow); a central regime (represented by Lonely and Oliktok Point); and an eastern regime (represented by Barter Island).  these regimes must be taken into account in the prediction of oil spill movement during "normal conditions."  During storm conditions (passage of low pressure systems) the entire coast appears to be regionally controlled rather than locally.  An existing Coast Guard storm model can be used to predict coastal winds.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 31 Aug 1977 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/54344</guid>
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    <item>
      <title>RANDOM DRIFT OF AN IDEALIZED OIL PATCH</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/47002</link>
      <description><![CDATA[This paper develops a model for the random drift of an idealized oil patch on water due to influences of wind and currents.  Probabilistic descriptions for the displacement of the center of mass are derived.  The model provides for random shifts in wind direction and its influence on reorienting the oil patch.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 06 Oct 1976 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/47002</guid>
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    <item>
      <title>OCEAN DATA GATHERING PROGRAM-QUALITY AND REDUCTION OF DATA</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/46430</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Data collected from six offshore platforms in the Gulf of Mexico from 1968 to 1971 during the Ocean Data Gathering Program are probably the most complete set of wind and wave measurements available off the Louisiana coast. The data and their quality, calibration, and usability are discussed with an eye toward familiarizing the potential user with the possibilities of the system.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Sat, 04 Sep 1976 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/46430</guid>
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    <item>
      <title>SMALL SCALE PROPERTIES IN THE MARINE BOUNDARY LAYER</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/23357</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Fluctuating velocity and temperature data collected from instruments mounted at three levels on the R/V ACANIA were analyzed. The structure of atmospheric turbulence was examined on the basis of spectral distributions of wind and temperature fluctuations over the ocean. The results of this study were used to determine the validity of present formulations and prediction techniques for the momentum flux and the temperature-structure parameter over water. (Modified author abstract)]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 19 May 1975 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/23357</guid>
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    <item>
      <title>WIND-INDUCED DRIFT CURRENTS</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/14433</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Systematic measurements of drift currents below, and of airflows above, the air-water interface were performed under various wind conditions. The current near but not immediate to the water surface is found to follow Karman-Prandtl (logarithmic) velocity distribution. The current immediate to the water surface tends to vary linearly with the depth. (Modified author abstract)]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 25 Mar 1974 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/14433</guid>
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    <item>
      <title>MONTE CARLO SIMULATION OF OIL SLICK MOVEMENTS</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/13186</link>
      <description><![CDATA[A random walk analogy and a time series model are described to simulate, by the Monte Carlo Method, the movement of an instantaneous oil slick under the influence of deterministic water currents and random wind effects.  The technique is based on model sampling or repeated trials.  Therefore, the slick motion is imitated by the movement of a large number of particles, each of which undergoes a sequence of deterministic steps due to a prescribed water current field and a different sequence of random steps due to a random wind field.  This enables one to estimate the probability distribution of the position of the oil slick centroid and nearshore pollution after a spill occurs.  An illustrative example based on some empirical formulas and actual field data from Delaware Bay is given.  Of the two models on which the simulation is based, it is judged that the time series simulation model represents a more realistic and conservative approach.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 31 Oct 1973 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/13186</guid>
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      <title>WIND-INDUCED CIRCULATION IN A LAKE</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2417</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The circulation in a lake is important among other things for prediction of diffusion of pollution.  The flow in a lake is mainly caused by wind, throughflow and density differences.  Among these the wind-induced flow is believed to be the most important.  A mathematical model based on the common equations of motion and an assumption of hydrostatic pressure has been developed.  The model considers the effects of Coriolis forces and can be applied on arbitrary lakes for arbitrary winds.  The efforts have been concentrated on the steady state.  This might never be reached fully but should be useful as a description of the average situation.  The non-linear terms are neglected which is possible according to prototype measurements. Numerical comparison of results obtained considering Coriolis forces with those obtained neglecting Coriolis forces shows that these forces should not be neglected even for small lakes.  Parameters which must be known are the eddy-viscosity and the shear force caused by wind.  The knowledge of these parameters is very limited especially for small lakes and for small wind velocities.  The stratified lake is assumed to be divided into two homogeneous layers.  The eddy-viscosity is assumed constant in each layer in each vertical.  The model has been applied on lake Velen (A lake in central Sweden).  This is a very irregular lake with an area of about 1 by 7 Km.  After choosing an appropriate value of the shear force the eddy-viscosity was computed from the measured velocity profiles.  Good correspondance was found between model and prototype.  To determine the influence of different parameters a simplified model, valid only in the middle of a lake, has been developed.  This model may also be used for computing the eddy-viscosity.  Non-stationary flow has been studied only for the case of homogeneous lakes.  This model requires knowledge of the bottom friction.  The eddy-viscosity is allowed to vary between different levels. The horizontal turbulence is included in the model and so are the non-linear terms.  This model employs almost exclusively differential methods.  The eddy-viscosity has a profound influence on the magnitude of flow, but has less influence on the circulation pattern.  The bottom friction is negligible for deep lakes but is an important parameter for shallow lakes.  The position of the pycnocline influences the magnitude as well as the direction of flow.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 28 Mar 1972 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2417</guid>
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