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    <title>Transport Research International Documentation (TRID)</title>
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    <copyright>Copyright © 2026. National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.</copyright>
    <docs>http://blogs.law.harvard.edu/tech/rss</docs>
    <managingEditor>tris-trb@nas.edu (Bill McLeod)</managingEditor>
    <webMaster>tris-trb@nas.edu (Bill McLeod)</webMaster>
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      <title>Transport Research International Documentation (TRID)</title>
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      <title>STRESS MEASUREMENTS IN RAILROAD WHEELS VIA THE BARKHAUSEN EFFECT</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/50630</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The feasibility of utilizing the Barkhausen Effect in ferromagnetic steels as a nondestructive means for ascertaining residual stresses in railroad wheels was investigated.  Railroad wheels are generally manufactured with compressive stress distributions in the rim to impede the propagation of fissures or thermal cracks caused by brake applications.  In service, these compressive stresses may gradually become tensile, thus increasing the potential for wheel failure.  Speciments examined using the Barkhausen noise measurement technique included four new wheels and two used wheels.  Stress measurements form this nondestructive technique were compared with stress values determined by a dissection method of strain relaxation.  Qualitative consistency in these data were observed, although testing of a larger data base will be required to determine the utility of the Barkhausen noise measurement technique for identifying those wheels which are potentially hazardous because of tensile stress buildup.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Sun, 31 Aug 2003 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/50630</guid>
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      <title>THE CAUSE OF THERMAL FATIGUE CRACKING IN METROLINER WHEELS</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/49040</link>
      <description><![CDATA[One new wheel and two used wheels (one with a thermal crack in the tread) were examined for mechanical properties, macrostructure, microstructure, and residual stresses. Similar examinations were conducted on three new wheels which were first subjected to various braking cycles designed to define the conditions that produce cracking. The braking tests were conducted on the laboratory dynamometer. The results of this study indicated that the wheel that had developed a thermal crack in service had been intermittently and severely heated around the tread surface and that such heating had altered the microstructure, produced residual tensile stresses and permitted the crack to initiate. The results further showed that neither altered microstructures nor cracking could be produced by many emergency brakings or speed-reduction brakings with normal brake shoes and forces.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 17 Jun 1981 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/49040</guid>
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      <title>NUMERICAL DETERMINATION OF CONTACT PRESSURES BETWEEN CLOSELY CONFORMING WHEELS AND RAILS. TECHNICAL REPORT NO. 8</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/144781</link>
      <description><![CDATA[A numerical method is developed for the determination of the contact pressure that arises when two elastic bodies with closely conforming non-Hertzian frictionless surfaces are pressed together.  The method is a generalization of that recently developed by the authors for the case of counterformal contact, and includes a technique for automatically generating meshes that overlay the changing (load-dependent) contact patches.  The method has been implemented in a computer program called CONFORM, and has been applied to problems of wheel and rail contact.  The results have been verified by comparison with those generated by an independent program for the special case of relatively light wheel loading, where the contact is known a-priori to be essentially counterformal.  The results given herein for a relatively heavy (but realistic) wheel loading on the throat of the flange represent the first known solution for conformal contact between a railroad wheel and rail.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 11 Feb 1980 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/144781</guid>
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      <title>ULTRASONIC INVESTIGATION OF THE MATERIAL PROPERTIES IN THE COLD-WORKED ZONE OF WHEELS AND RAILS</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/76887</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The gradual development and character of the cold-worked zones on railroad wheels and rails can be studied nondestructively with surface waves propagated along the surfaces.  This allows more samples to be examined at lower cost.  Because the Poisson's ratio in a cold-worked layer increases and because two metals having different Poisson's ratios but joined at a common boundary behave differently in a fatigue environment, new significance may be given to studies of rail and wheel failures near to the rolling surfaces.  Differing behavior of the wheel and rail surfaces when excited by transducers may be correlated with fundamental differences in the two cold-worked zones.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 12 Dec 1978 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/76887</guid>
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      <title>SHAKEDOWN LOADS ON ROLLING DISKS, CYLINDERS AND SPHERES</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/75364</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The state of stress in a rolling disk subjected to various loads in the inelastic range is investigated numerically using the finite element method. Criteria for yielding and unloading during rolling are developed, and their use with the direct method and the quadratic programming technique is demonstrated. Besides the utilization of the constant strain triangular (CST) element in most of the analyses, a higher order elastic-plastic linear strain triangular (LST) element is proposed to take stress variation in a plastic element into account. In addition, a variable size finite element mesh scheme is developed for idealization of the disk. Further modifications and schemes, such as substructuring technique, are suggested. Only plane stress cases have so far been considered in this investigation. The future work should concentrate on the development of yielding and unloading criteria for plane strain and possibly for axisymmetric cases so that stress states near the points of contact in rolling cylinders and camshafts can be investigated.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Thu, 14 Sep 1978 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/75364</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>PERFORMANCE RESULTS OF HIGH SPEED RUNNING INVESTIGATIONS CARRIED OUT ON GERMAN FEDERAL RAILWAYS</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/12790</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Theoretical and experimental investigations for solution of problems of wheel flange wear at speeds of 200 km/hr and higher. Wheel profile II was devised as a result of the investigations. The progress of the development work is described on the basis of tests results. The problems of wheel tread stressing are discussed. The tests carried out on wheel sets flexibly attached to the frame are considered as a step towards on optimization of the overall design.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Sun, 14 Nov 1976 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/12790</guid>
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      <title>STRESSES IN THE TREADS OF RAILWAY WHEELS</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/39244</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The stresses arising in and below the tread of a rail vehicle wheel are very complex. The wheel material, which is in no way of a homogeneous nature, is subjected to greatly differing forces varying in magnitude, as well as to frictional forces, thermal stresses, manifold tensile stresses and wear mechanisms. Because of the great many imponderabilities, resulting from the track position and riding quality of the vehicle, a prediction of the expected life or anticipated mileage is practicable to a limited extent only. Nevertheless, it is possible to picture the complex stresses acting on the wheel tread. For practical use, a new factor is proposed, permitting an estimate of the permissible axle load for wheel sets dependent on the wheel diameter.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Sat, 24 Jul 1976 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/39244</guid>
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