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    <copyright>Copyright © 2026. National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.</copyright>
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    <managingEditor>tris-trb@nas.edu (Bill McLeod)</managingEditor>
    <webMaster>tris-trb@nas.edu (Bill McLeod)</webMaster>
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      <title>Transport Research International Documentation (TRID)</title>
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    <item>
      <title>DEVELOPING CONSUMABLES AND PROCESSES FOR WORK ON OFFSHORE PLATFORMS</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/167189</link>
      <description><![CDATA[This paper examines some of the developments, which are taking place to improve weld metal toughness and hence allow a relaxation in stress relief treatments, and to introduce higher deposition rate processes to an increasing proportion of the total welding of the offshore structures.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Fri, 12 Jun 1981 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/167189</guid>
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      <title>HYPERBARIC WELDING WITH DRY TRANSFER FROM A DYNAMICALLY POSITIONED SEMI-SUBMERSIBLE</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/146918</link>
      <description><![CDATA[During the end of 1977 and during 1978, ten hyperbaric welds at depths of 450' have been carried out in the northern North Sea from a dynamically positioned semi-submersible. These welds were made using dry transfer techniques. Experience shows it is possible to transfer in adverse weather conditions even in the proximity of platforms.  A comparison of model data and full size recorded data shows the limit conditions for these operations.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 11 Feb 1980 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/146918</guid>
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      <title>SUBMERGED-ARC WELDS FOR OFFSHORE STRUCTURES: MEETING AN AS-WELDED COD REQUIREMENT</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/85169</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Crack opening displacement (COD) has gained considerable acceptance as a fracture toughness criterion for welds in highly-stressed parts of offshore production platforms, and two major oil companies operating in the North Sea require their fabricators to attain 0.25 mm COD at -10 degrees C for welds in the splash zone.  Economic and other considerations have focused attention on achieving this degree of fracture toughness in the as-welded condition, but this has been a difficult problem.  The Authors discuss the problem and describe in some detail an experimental investigation in which changes in welding consumables and procedures were introduced in the submerged-arc welding of 50-mm thick C-Mn plate until, finally, an as-welded COD toughness above the minimum specified was consistently obtained.  The investigation, conducted on a series of eight panels, included fracture toughness and microstructural studies. The results of this successful investigation are discussed, and among the several conclusions drawn it is mentioned that the overall influence of procedural factors (e.g., back gouging, root position, and edge preparation) on the measured COD was found to be only marginal compared with changes in wire type, and that differences between the COD results and those of Charpy tests (carried out on six of the panels) emphasise the difficulties encountered when specifying welding-procedure qualificaton requirements. Order from BSRA as No. 49,550.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 14 Mar 1979 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/85169</guid>
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      <title>STEEL PLATFORM FABRICATION--THE DESIGNER/FABRICATOR INTERFACE</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/69267</link>
      <description><![CDATA[This paper deals with the steels and fabrication methods used in typical fixed offshore platforms designed and fabricated by the McDermott engineering group for use in deep water North Sea locations.  Following a brief description of a platform and its service environment, the various specified steel types are then reviewed and the reasons for their choice summarized.  The various welding methods and filler metals used are also discussed.  Each major part of the platform is then examined with respect to: (a) typical steels and their application, (b) typical welding methods and filler metals, and (c) measures for improving reliability of structures and avoiding fabrication problems.  Order from: BSRA No. 48,084.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 31 May 1978 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/69267</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>CUMULATIVE DAMAGE IN MARINE WELDED STRUCTURES</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/54713</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The problem of cumulative damage in welded structures is outlined by comparing the traditional approach based on S-N data and Miner's rule, and the more recent approach applying fracture mechanics.  An almost complete equivalence of the two concepts becomes obvious.  In particular both concepts suffer from the deficiency of taking into account interactions resulting from the combined effects of a random load sequence and of a corrosive environment in the presence of high residual stresses.  The question is asked whether the remaining uncertainties will be of significant importance as compared with many other uncertainties involved in the overall design and dimensioning process of real structures.  From a discussion of the possibilities and limitations in experimentally simulating the actual loading conditions of the structures in question it follows that the details of those tests must be carefully designed in order to obtain reliable results within reasonable testing time.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Sat, 29 Oct 1977 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/54713</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>METALLURGICAL, WELDING AND INSPECTION PROBLEMS RAISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF STEEL OFF-SHORE PLATFORMS</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/67367</link>
      <description><![CDATA[This is a continuation of an article appearing in the February 1976 issue of this journal which presents the main features of the steel structure of offshore platforms and its fabrication by welding.  The lamellar tearing phenomenon is defined and factors influencing lamellar tearing and preventive measures for avoiding the phenonenon are presented.  The grades of steel used in the metal structure of offshore platform are analyzed.  Three non-destructive weld inspection methods - radiographic, ultrasonic, and magnetic particle testing - are described.  Guidelines are presented for the selection of the steel grades for the welded structures.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 13 Apr 1977 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/67367</guid>
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      <title>THE MIT/MARINE INDUSTRY COLLEGIUM. OPPORTUNITY BRIEF NO. 4. ADVANCES IN UNDERWATER WELDING</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/47778</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The purpose of the brief is to outline the needs and the potential for underwater welding and to indicate some current, promising techniques. There is an existing need for technology that permits permanent, code-quality welding underwater. The need grows out of the increasing numbers of offshore structures that require repair from time to time. Further, if such technology were available, the construction industry could take advantage of certain new procedures in building offshore structures. Some new technology is already available. Additional advances appear at hand. Existing new methods of underwater welding and the directions of current research that show promising potential are reported.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 13 Apr 1977 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/47778</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>METALLURGICAL, WELDING AND INSPECTION PROBLEMS RAISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF STEEL OFF-SHORE PLATFORMS</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/67365</link>
      <description><![CDATA[This article reviews the main types of offshore platforms and their features as regards their design and the types of joints in the steel welded structure, the steels used, expecially their weldability under difficult welding conditions, and the problems raised by the welding of these structures.  The main prescriptions regarding the materials and the welding fabrication are presented.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 13 Apr 1977 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/67365</guid>
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    <item>
      <title>REPAIRING OFFSHORE STRUCTURES WITH UNDERWATER WELDING</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/65150</link>
      <description><![CDATA[New underwater welding techniques that can be used for repairs, and may be further developed into future underwater building methods are outlined.  Tabulated data are presented on the underwater welding processes and current applications, and on the underwater cutting alternatives.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 15 Mar 1977 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/65150</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>UNDERWATER REPAIR AND CONSTRUCTION USING ADVANCED WET-WELDING PROCESSES</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/33802</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The recent development of the Hydroweld MIG welding process of which the paper gives details, has made possible the welding of structural steels underwater to the requirements of the commonly used codes such as AP1 1104 and ASME 1X as as well as the rules of the classification societies such as Lloyd's Register.  The process is very flexible as used by a diver in the water without need for expensive dry habitats.  Repairs have already been successfully carried out on subsea pipelines and loading lines, oil production platforms and semisubmersible drilling rigs with considerable savings in time and money.  Similar advantages are obtained in planned maintenance and in specialised aspects of new construction.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Thu, 19 Feb 1976 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/33802</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>STEEL SELECTION FOR OFFSHORE STRUCTURES</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/38569</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Analysis of salvaged offshore structures has shown that inferior quality steel, poor quality fabrication, and possible overload were factors contributing to structural failure or cause for salvage.  All failures observed occured at or near welded structural joints.  Evaluation of these structures indicates that there is a need for improved quality steels in offshore use.  A normalized carbon-manganese steel with adequate toughness, good weldability, freedom from laminations, and reduced susceptability to lamellar tearing is suggested for use in critical areas of the structure. (AUTHOR)]]></description>
      <pubDate>Thu, 29 May 1975 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/38569</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>PROCEEDINGS OF THE CONFERENCE ON WELDING IN OFFSHORE CONSTRUCTIONS</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/18368</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Material and structural problems in offshore installations; Fatigue data interpretation and relevance of corrosion effects; Basic considerations in tubular joint design; Corrosion fatigue properties of construction steel and its welded joints in sea water; Numerical and experimental stress analysis of a cross joint of two tubulars of equal diameters; Design appraisal of offshore platforms of welded tubular construction; Steels for North Sea structures; Steel castings for structural use; Use of small scale destructive tests to assess susceptibility to lamellar tearing; Manual and automatic welding consumables for use on offshore constructions; Fracture toughness properties of submerged arc weld metal; Controlling weld metal toughness; Welding procedures for critical structures; Choosing consumables and welding procedures to ensure strong, tough welded structures; Heat treatment requirements associated with North Sea offshore production platforms; Design and construction of offshore platforms; Role of NDT in offshore oil and gas industry; Fabrication of deck nodes for North Sea oil drilling rigs; Quality control aspects of welding of a North Sea drilling platform; Application of multi-operator remote controlled welding equipment; Underwater welding of metals; Acceptance of explosive welds; Explosive welding of pipe in air and under water.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 12 Nov 1974 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/18368</guid>
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