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    <title>Transport Research International Documentation (TRID)</title>
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    <copyright>Copyright © 2026. National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.</copyright>
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    <managingEditor>tris-trb@nas.edu (Bill McLeod)</managingEditor>
    <webMaster>tris-trb@nas.edu (Bill McLeod)</webMaster>
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      <title>Transport Research International Documentation (TRID)</title>
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      <title>Parametric design of time-sensitive routing with recipient-dependent contributions</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2564184</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Last-mile delivery complexities intensify for perishable goods, which must maintain quality, mainly when transported on non-refrigerated vehicles. If recipients are unavailable, delivery failure may prolong the delivery of perishable goods, thus jeopardizing their integrity. This study proposes recipient-dependent last-mile delivery solutions for perishable goods with time-sensitive delivery routes where the recipients contribute to the process. The authors explore applications of Autonomous Vehicles (AVs) in recipient-dependent deliveries of perishable goods and compare traditional truck delivery with a proposed AV pickup policy and other multi-echelon routing policies. The authors propose a parametric design of the policies, characterizing each policy by a set of variables inspired by the network design literature. In this study, routes are regarded as length-constrained, which is essential for the time-sensitive delivery of perishable goods. The authors compare the optimal cost of policies in length-bounding (time-sensitive) with capacity-bounding routes. A detailed dominance space analysis highlights the optimal policy under various cost structures and shows that the status quo for truck delivery is dominated as the number of deliveries increases. Increasing hand-off costs also lead to the dominance of AV and hybrid policies over traditional truck delivery. The authors validate the proposed managerial insights through a case study of a Walmart location delivery service in Toronto, proving the applicability of the models. This research contributes to the strategic integration of AVs in last-mile delivery of perishable goods.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Thu, 21 Aug 2025 09:19:21 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2564184</guid>
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      <title>An adaptive large neighborhood search metaheuristic for a passenger and parcel share-a-ride problem with drones</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2205716</link>
      <description><![CDATA[With the increasing concerns about traffic congestion and climate change, much effort has been made to enhance sustainable urban mobility for passengers and goods. One emerging promising strategy is to transport passengers and goods in an integrated manner, as it could reduce the number of vehicles on the road compared with the separate transportation of passengers and goods. This study proposes the simultaneous transportation of passengers and goods using demand-responsive buses and drones. Compared with the prevalent strategies that rely only on ground vehicles to integrate passenger and parcel transportation, the authors propose the joint usage of ground vehicles and drones to transport passengers and deliver parcels. The ground vehicles for passenger and parcel delivery are on-demand buses, which combine the advantages of the flexibility of taxis and the large capacity of public transport modes. The drones automatically take off from and land on the on-demand buses’ rooftops and are only for parcel delivery. A new optimization problem that designs the routes for both demand-responsive buses and drones is proposed and denoted as the passenger and parcel share-a-ride problem with drones (SARP-D). A mixed-integer nonlinear programming model is devised; the nonlinearity exists because drone launch/recovery can occur simultaneously with request servicing by a bus at the same node. To solve the model for large-scale instances, the authors develop an adaptive large neighborhood search metaheuristic. Numerical experiments are conducted to validate the correctness of the model and evaluate the efficiency of the metaheuristic. Moreover, sensitivity analyses are performed to explore the influences of the maximum number of intermediate stops during one passenger request service, the drone flight endurance, and the unit delay penalty on the total cost, which comprises the transportation and delay costs.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 25 Sep 2023 14:46:43 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2205716</guid>
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    <item>
      <title>Wal-Mart's Air Port</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/855825</link>
      <description><![CDATA[This article profiles Northwest Arkansas Regional Airport (XNA), one of the first greenfield airport constructed in the U.S. since Denver International Airport. The author relates that XNA had a controversial start, falling under the scrutiny of the Government Accountability Office (GAO) who found that the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) had essentially failed to justify funding the construction of XNA when it opened in 1998. Today the rural airport has a successful operation, hosting between 50 to 60 daily departures and primarily on regional jets. XNA provides both passenger and freight service. All six of the network carriers have a presence at XNA through their regional partners. The article describes some of the airport's facilities and plans for expansion, and concludes by commenting that XNA does have at least one blemish, which is found its higher than average airfares.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 03 Jun 2008 07:31:32 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/855825</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Tagged for success?</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/845505</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Subtitle: Wal-Mart forges ahead with RFID initiative despite supplier reluctance and lack of measurable results.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 28 Jan 2008 10:20:04 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/845505</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Who's carbon-free?</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/845194</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Subtitle: Wal-Mart takes on supply chains of products as expansive carbon measuring plan eyes distribution.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 28 Jan 2008 09:43:50 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/845194</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Wal-Mart wants reefer LTL</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/837769</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Subtitle: Executive addresses other distribution goals for company's grocery business.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 15 Oct 2007 11:35:37 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/837769</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>The greening of Wal-Mart's supply chain</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/837719</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Subtitle: In October 2005, Wal-Mart CEO Lee Scott committed the company to three ambitious goals: To be supplied 100 percent by renewable energy; to create zero waste; and to sell products that sustain Wal-Mart's resources and the environment. This is the story of Wal-Mart's progress toward those goals and the array of innovative practices that Wal-Mart is implementing to "green" its supply chain.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 15 Oct 2007 11:28:16 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/837719</guid>
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      <title>A direct success</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/837681</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Subtitle: Wal-Mart's Site to Store increases in-store sales with minimal added supply chain costs.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 15 Oct 2007 11:20:21 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/837681</guid>
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    <item>
      <title>Whose site selection?</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/808626</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Subtitle: Wal-Mart blends online with store sales in 'Site to Store' plan for self-driven distribution.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 07 May 2007 15:42:15 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/808626</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Wal-Mart asks its suppliers to make heavy-duty hybrid</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/807890</link>
      <description><![CDATA[]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 07 May 2007 14:20:47 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/807890</guid>
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    <item>
      <title>Thinking inside the box</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/797392</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Subtitle: When squeezing costs out of the supply chain, packaging optimization may be the final frontier.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 16 Jan 2007 12:52:24 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/797392</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Big Box goes little box</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/797140</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Subtitle: Wal-Mart launches 'green' packaging initiative, tells suppliers to shrink boxes and wrappers.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 16 Jan 2007 11:58:27 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/797140</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Not 'always low prices'</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/796700</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Subtitle: Wal-Mart, P&G say collaboration, flexibility matter more in 3PL relationship than price.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 16 Jan 2007 10:40:04 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/796700</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Packing up costs</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/796467</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Subtitle: Packaging reduction plan may save Wal-Mart billions of dollars, but it could cost suppliers big bucks.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 16 Jan 2007 10:10:47 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/796467</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Wal-Mart tags up</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/791691</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Subtitle: Retailer touts RFID program's success, says more suppliers joining inventory tracking project.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 11 Oct 2006 11:00:58 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/791691</guid>
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