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    <title>Transport Research International Documentation (TRID)</title>
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    <copyright>Copyright © 2026. National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.</copyright>
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    <managingEditor>tris-trb@nas.edu (Bill McLeod)</managingEditor>
    <webMaster>tris-trb@nas.edu (Bill McLeod)</webMaster>
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      <title>Transport Research International Documentation (TRID)</title>
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      <title>Kreislaufwirtschaft im Spannungsfeld mit Grundwasserschutz, Bodenschutz und Klimaschutz</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1403740</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Der Umgang mit Recycling-Baustoffen, industriellen Nebenprodukten und aufbereitetem Bodenmaterial gehoert heute im Rahmen der gesetzlich geforderten Kreislaufwirtschaft bis auf Sonderfaelle in den Bereich der "ungefaehrlichen Abfaelle" und sollte daher "technisch einfach loesbar sein". Das Spannungsfeld "Kreislaufwirtschaft - Grundwasserschutz - Bodenschutz" und damit die bis heute in Deutschland ungeklaerte Frage zu bundesweit einheitlichen umwelttechnischen Anforderungen fuer Recycling-Baustoffe laehmen aber seit Jahren die weitere baustoffliche Entwicklung der Kreislaufwirtschaft bezueglich Nachhaltigkeit, Ressourcenschonung und der gewuenschten hohen Ressourceneffizienz. Ein bundesweit einheitliches Regelwerk laesst seit Jahren auf sich warten. Es bleibt zu hoffen, dass alle Beteiligten in einem fachbereichsuebergreifenden Kompromiss moeglichst bald eine fuer alle Seiten tragbare, rechtssichere und praktikable Loesung finden. Der neue "Klimaschutz-Impuls", der ebenfalls Ressourcenschonung und Ressourceneffizienz zum Nachweis der CO2-Reduzierung fordert, sollte genutzt werden, um alle Beteiligten aus diesem Stillstand zu befreien. Die materialtechnologischen und bautechnischen Regeln des Erd- und Strassenbaus sind im Rahmen der FGSV-Regelwerksarbeit hierzu fruehzeitig erarbeitet worden. Quantitative und qualitative Mengensteigerungen sind durch selektiven Rueckbau und die Umsetzung stoffspezifischer Subkreislaeufe erzielbar. (A) ABSTRACT IN ENGLISH: Dealing and handling of recycled building materials, industrial by-products and recycled soils today belongs under the legally circular economy up to special cases to the range of "harmless wastes" and therefore should "be technically simply solvable". The area of conflict of "circular economy – protection of groundwater – soil protection" is up to now unsettled in Germany with respect to nationally standardized environmental requirements for recycled building materials. This paralizes since years further developments of building materials in circular economy concerning sustainability, resource conservation and the desired high resources efficiency. A nationwide uniform set of rules takes time for years. It is hoped that all involved parties in a cross-disciplinary compromise will as soon as possible find mutually portable, legally secure and workable solutions. The new "climate protection Impulse", which also calls for resource conservation and resource efficiency for the proof of CO2 reduction should be used to release all involved from this standstill. The fittings rules and regulations for material technology and construction parties of earthworks and road construction have been drawn up for this purpose at an early stage as part of the FGSV rules work. Practicable environmental regulations must follow immediately. Quantitative and qualitative increase in volume can be achieved by selective retreating and demolition and implementing material-specific "sub-circular-runs". (A)]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 04 May 2016 10:44:47 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1403740</guid>
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      <title>Innovative interconnection</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1266241</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The San Antonio Water System (SAWS) has constructed a nearly two-mile-long, 60-inch diameter pipeline in order to delay upgrading one water recycling center, the Leon Creek Water Recycling Center (WRC), while maximizing its investment in a larger one, the Dos Rios WRC, by conveying flows from the smaller plant to a major pipeline that ultimately terminates at the larger facility. Included in the new pipeline, known as the Leon Creek WRC Interconnect, is an aerial crossing of a local creek, which necessitates design components in order to protect the pipeline during flood events. In order to minimize changes to the waterway's floodplain elevation, careful modeling of the creek's postconstruction hydraulic and hydrologic conditions is also necessary.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 29 Oct 2013 10:10:26 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1266241</guid>
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    <item>
      <title>Gegenueberstellung von RuA-StB 01 (FGSV) und der Mitteilung 20 (LAGA)</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/965299</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Grundsaetzlich wird nach den Richtlinien fuer die umweltvertraegliche Anwendung von industriellen Nebenprodukten und Recycling-Baustoffen (RuA-StB)  auch fuer die anderen Strassenbaustoffe die Verwendung in Wasserschutzgebieten WSG III A und B von der Schutzwirkung der Grundwasserueberdeckung und dem Einsatz (Art und Lage der Schicht) abhaengig gemacht. Eine aehnliche Beruecksichtigung der oertlichen Verhaeltnisse ist bei den Empfehlungen der Laenderarbeitsgemeinschaft Abfall (LAGA) in diesem Punkt nicht vorgesehen. Dort ist der Einsatz stoffbezogen entweder in WSG III A oder B erlaubt oder nicht erlaubt. Grobe Unterschiede zwischen den nach RuA-StB und LAGA zulaessigen Verwendungsmoeglichkeiten der einzelnen Strassenbaustoffe und den entsprechenden Anforderungen an die Inhaltsstoffe und das Auslaugungsverhalten sind zusammenfassend dargestellt. Es ist zu erkennen, dass zwischen den Regelwerken nur in einzelnen Bereichen Differenzen festzustellen sind. Sie resultieren primaer aus der Staffelung der Schutzwirkung der Grundwasserueberdeckung und der Durchlaessigkeit der Deckschicht gemaess den RuA-StB. Weitere Unterschiede sind hinsichtlich des Einsatzes der Strassenbaustoffe in Wasser- und Heilquellenschutzgebieten zu erkennen. Zusammenfassend ist daher festzustellen, dass die RuA-StB die Mitteilungen 20 der LAGA fuer die Einsatzbedingungen des Strassenbaus konkretisieren und dadurch den Ermessensspielraum der zustaendigen Behoerde verringern. Ausserhalb von Wasserschutzgebieten entspricht das Schutzniveau der RuA-StB mindestens dem der Mitteilungen 20 der LAGA. Beitrag zum Themenbereich "Boden- und Grundwasserschutz im Strassenbau" des 38. Erfahrungsaustausch ueber Erdarbeiten im Strassenbau am 7. und 8. Mai 2002 in Dresden. Siehe auch Gesamtaufnahme der Tagung, ITRD-Nummer D352635. (A)]]></description>
      <pubDate>Thu, 07 Oct 2010 19:57:20 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/965299</guid>
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      <title>Washed to Perfection</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/906468</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The quarrying industry is making greater use of washing equipment due to the need to make the best use of all extracted materials and stricter aggregate specifications for both asphalt and concrete surfacing materials. This growth does not have to significantly impact water or energy consumption due to the latest washing and recycling technology. Increased aggregate washing means that more water is being used by quarries, which in turn has driven wider use of technology for water reclamation and recycling. For many quarries, water is a difficult issue - if they are even able to tap into the main supply, it is just too expensive. The need to treat it before use, either on site or after return to the open environment, creates a significant challenge for quarry operations. It is clear that developments in washing and water recycling technology are closely matching advances in aggregate crushing to meet the need for high cubicity materials.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 22 Dec 2009 08:59:50 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/906468</guid>
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      <title>Alternative Water Sources in Earthwork Construction</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/802286</link>
      <description><![CDATA[During periods of drought, good-quality water becomes a precious commodity, especially in those parts of the United States that receive little rainfall. One way to reduce the demand for drinking water is to substitute non-drinking-quality water in earthwork construction. If nonpotable water from local sources can be used in construction, then the need for hauling in good-quality water from distant sources and the potential for construction delays because of water rationing can be avoided. A research study investigated the feasibility of using alternative water sources in earthwork construction. As a part of this study, alternative water supplies in Texas were identified and characterized for quality and volume availability. In addition, each proposed water source was evaluated to determine whether there were any adverse environmental impacts from its use in earthwork construction. Potential impact from the use of low-quality water on constructability, material behavior, and performance also were evaluated. Of special interest were the effects on corrosive potential, sulfate heave, and dispersion potential of the soil. Simple predictive models are presented to help when decisions are made regarding acceptance or rejection of water obtained from a specific source.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Fri, 16 Mar 2007 10:55:25 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/802286</guid>
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      <title>Managing Salt Impacted Water at Maintenance Yards</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/798157</link>
      <description><![CDATA[This paper describes how the Code of Practice for the Environmental Management of Road Salt recommends that best management practices be developed that target three objectives. One of the identified objectives is to improve salt storage and associated salt handling practices with the goal of reducing salt impacts to the surrounding environment. Salt impacts to the environment from a patrol yard can result from the release of dry (bulk) salt, a spill of liquid (brine) material and the poor management of salt impacted washwater and stormwater. A number of options are available to improve the management of salt and reduce its impact on the environment. Improving the management of dry (bulk) salt and liquid (brine) materials generally yields good results. This involves providing training, implementing good housekeeping practices, storing and handling all salt under cover and ensuring all material is contained and secure. The management of washwater and stormwater generated at patrol yards is generally a longer-term initiative and can involve a significant investment. The focus of this paper is to discuss the various site mitigation design alternatives that can be applied at maintenance yards to effectively manage salt impacted water and thus minimize and manage any salt releases to the environment. The goal of reducing salt impacts to the environment will only be met if both short and long-term options are implemented to manage the dry and liquid material sources and the washwater and stormwater streams.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 30 Jan 2007 13:31:18 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/798157</guid>
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      <title>Innovative Environmental Management of Winter Salt Runoff Problems at INDOT Yards</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/787489</link>
      <description><![CDATA[This Indiana Department of Transportation Joint Transportation Research Program (INDOT-JTRP) project examined an innovative strategy for mitigating, and possibly obviating, the environmental impact of wintertime salt release within INDOT yard areas specifically associated with the generation and release of salt truck wash waters, whereby these waste streams may be beneficially reused in the manufacture of salt brine solutions suitable for subsequent pre-wetting and anti-icing applications. The associated environmental problem stems from the fact that these wash waters carry high-level (e.g., from 100’s of mg/L to percentile-level) salt concentrations whose uncontrolled release via local surface or ground waters will have to be discontinued pursuant to the onset of tightened environmental regulations. Specifically, current Indiana Water Quality Standards restrict total dissolved solids in natural waters to 750 mg/L. Reusing these salt-laden truck wash waters will, therefore, not only resolve, either in part or wholly, this environmental problem but will also save material cost in preparation of valuable salt brine solutions. Six (6) key aspects were identified for this proposed activity, including: 1) wash water collection, 2) wash water pretreatment, 3) temporary wash water storage, 4) brine manufacturing hardware and operational details, 5) product brine storage, and 6) brine application procedures and timing. The first five of these aspects are addressed within this report; relevant details regarding the sixth item (brine application, etc.) are given in the “Manual of Practice for an Effective Anti-Icing Program: A Guide For Highway Winter Maintenance Personnel,” published by the Federal Highway Administration (i.e., as referenced in this report). Lastly, a condensed, Web-based synopsis of this project is available at the following URL: http://rebar.ecn.purdue.edu/Salt-Wash-Reuse/.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Fri, 25 Aug 2006 10:56:05 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/787489</guid>
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    <item>
      <title>REMODELING THE PANAMA CANAL: MASTER PLAN FOR MODERNIZATION AND GLOBAL MARKET APPEAL</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/701580</link>
      <description><![CDATA[After the transfer of ownership of the Panama Canal from the U.S. to Panama in 1999, the canal entered a new era in its 90-year history, moving from a profit-neutral operation to a market-oriented model, focusing on customer service and reliability.  Ongoing capital improvements to the canal have focused on two priorities:  increasing safety and decreasing the Canal Waters Time (CWT), the time a ship takes to traverse the waterway.  From 2001 to 2002, only 34 maritime accidents occurred in a total of 26,678 transits, a reduction of 40% from fiscal years 1999 to 2000.  The reduction in CWT is equally impressive.  From 2001 to 2002, the CWT has decreased to 26.2 hours, down from 31.15 hours in 1999 to 2000.  The Panama Canal Authority has launched a proactive program of modernization, with a series of improvements that will increase canal capacity by 20% and that will boost navigation safety and reliability. More than 150 studies are under way to help the Authority respond effectively to changes in the market.  Key studies involve analyses of market demand and include assessments of the social and environmental impacts of proposed changes.  Also under study are new concepts in lock design and engineering, and water recycling methods that may reduce fresh water requirements.  The Authority is committed to the principles and practices of sustainable development, which will be incorporated into the final master plan.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 24 May 2004 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/701580</guid>
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      <title>USE OF STABILIZER AGENTS IN MIXER DRUM WASH WATER</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/672824</link>
      <description><![CDATA[This project was undertaken to study the potential of using overnight-stabilized wash water in the production of fresh concrete.  Main tasks of this study were:  review of literature on the use of stabilizer systems, determination of properties of concrete containing stabilized wash water, and evaluation of this concrete compared with control mixtures not containing a chemical stabilizer.  Information from the literature review revealed that the properties of concrete made from stabilized wash water and/or stabilized waste concrete ranged at comparable levels to the control mixtures.  Literature showed there were no significant differences in compressive strength, flexural strength, or modulus of elasticity.  However, stabilized mixtures had slightly higher drying shrinkage values and reduced set times due to the use of an activator.  Properties of stabilized concrete and their control mixtures were evaluated using a number of fresh and hardened concrete tests (temperature, slump, unit weight, air content, set time, compressive strength, flexural strength, drying shrinkage, resistance to chloride-ion penetration, time to corrosion, and sulfate expansion).  Mixtures were evaluated in the laboratory under conditions that simulated overnight stabilization of their wash water to determine how the fresh and hardened properties changed.  The objectives of this Florida Department of Transportation (FDOT) project were to verify the performance test results reported by Master Builders for concrete produced with Florida aggregates and DELVO Stabilized wash water. Through this supporting data perhaps FDOT will develop the use of DELVO technology in the reuse of mixer wash water in order to reduce concrete mixture costs, increase concrete construction productivity, and reduce the adverse environmental impact associated with the disposal of mixer wash water.  The results of this study indicated that the use of DELVO Stabilizer in overnight applications is a viable means of reducing the disposal of wash water for concrete.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Fri, 09 Mar 2001 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/672824</guid>
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