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    <copyright>Copyright © 2026. National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.</copyright>
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    <managingEditor>tris-trb@nas.edu (Bill McLeod)</managingEditor>
    <webMaster>tris-trb@nas.edu (Bill McLeod)</webMaster>
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      <title>HUMAN FACTORS DESIGN OF DYNAMIC VISUAL AND AUDITORY DISPLAYS FOR METROPOLITAN TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT. VOL. 1--SUMMARY REPORT</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/190928</link>
      <description><![CDATA[This report summarizes the findings and design implications of a series of research studies with respect to parameters of dynamic visual displays (Changeable Message Signs) and auditory displays (Highway Advisory Radio).  Laboratory, proving ground and field studies were conducted.  Dynamic visual display factors investigated have been classified into five areas: 1) message factors, 2) character factors, 3) accentuation factors, 4) dynamic factors, and 5) visibility factors.  In-situ controlled field studies were conducted to validate findings from previous HAR laboratory studies.  Specific areas investigated were: 1) language style, 2) information load, 3) redundancy, 4) description of alternate routes, and 5) advance road sign for radio tuning.  This volume is the first in a series.  The others in the series are: Volume 2-FHWA/RD-81/040 Dynamic Visual Displays; and Volume 3-FHWA/RD-81-041 Highway Advisory Radio.  (FHWA)]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 30 Aug 1983 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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      <title>LABORATORY APPROACH TO AUTOMOBILE CRASH EXPERIMENTS</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/51156</link>
      <description><![CDATA[An investigation is made into the crash phase of automobile intersection collisions.  Analytical as well as experimental methods were used to show that the automobile crash phenomena may be explained macroscopically by rigid body impact theory.  Analysis of experimental results indicated the numerical range of the coefficient of friction between the colliding vehicles and the coefficient of restitution necessary to explain the crushing characteristics of the automobile structures and the final velocities at the end of the crash phase for different modes of intersection collisions.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 12 Apr 1978 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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      <title>ACCURACY OF CLOSE-RANGE ANALYTICAL RESTITUTIONS: PRACTICAL EXPERIMENTS AND PREDICTIONS</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/45749</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Some essential points relating to precision and accuracy (distinction between precision and accuracy, correct evaluation of accuracy) are reviewed; then, based on experimental results from several sources, a quantitative study of the accuracy of analytical restitutions in the case of the photo-pair is presented. The principal themes are the following: The effect of measurement redundance upon the accuracy (repetition of the settings, use of several neighboring targets to define an object point, and use of several frames at each station can on an average increase the accuracy by 50 per cent, whatever be the base-to-mean-object-distance ratio, the maximal accuracy for a certain kind of photogrammetric system has been found to correspond to a measurement equivalent normal law with a 1.2 micrometers standard deviation (which is the RMS bias of the measurements) and the minimum accuracy to a normal law with a 2.5 micrometers standard deviation); The effect of the geometrical characteristics of the system (base-to-object-distance ratio, camera asis convergence, and number and disposition of the control points); Accuracy prediction (two predictors are presented; the Karara/Abdel Aziz predictor, which reduces the problem to the central point of the object volume, and a predictor obtained from simulation. These predictors are correct on the condition that a good estimation of the standard deviation of the equivalent normal law of the comparator observation of the system (camera plus comparator) is employed; and Non-metric camera accuracy (for the best of them, it seems to be the same as for metric cameras).]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 11 Aug 1976 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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      <title>ANALOG TO HYBRID STEREOPLOTTER</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/92630</link>
      <description><![CDATA[HYBRID STEREORESTITUTION SYSTEMS SEEM TO FIT BETWEEN CONVENTIONAL ANALOG AND MODERN DIGITAL OR ANALYTICAL STEREOPLOTTERS. WITH THE CURRENT TECHNOLOGICAL TREND TOWARDS ON-LINE USE OF COMPUTERS AND AUTOMATION, DIGITIZATION OF STEREOMODEL DATA, ITS PROCESSING AND OUTPUT IN REAL-TIME CAN ADVANTAGEOUSLY BE PUT UNDER COMPLETE COMPUTER, I.E., SOFTWARE, CONTROL. BESIDES THE DESIGN OF COMPLETELY NEW HYBRID SYSTEMS, THE AUTHORS ARE IN FAVOR OF PROPAGATING MODIFICATION AND UPGRADING OF EXISTING ANALOG PLOTTERS TO HYBRID SYSTEMS. REASONS FOR THIS ARE THE GENERAL AVAILABILITY OF ANALOG EQUIPMENT, THE IMPROVEMENT OF AN INSTRUMENT'S OVERALL PERFORMANCE, CONSIDERATION OF DETERMINISTIC ERRORS OR DISTURBANCES, SIMPLIFICATION OF ORIENTATION PROCEDURES, AND RESTITUTION OF NON-CONVENTIONAL PHOTOGRAPHS. SEVERAL DEVELOPMENT STAGES OF A RESEARCH PROJECT CARRIED OUT AT THE AUTHORS' DEPARTMENT ARE DESCRIBED, VIZ., ON-LINE DATA ACQUISITION SYSTEM, ON-LINE CONTROL OF AN XY-PLOTTER, ON-LINE PERIPHERAL BULK STORAGE, REAL-TIME FEEDBACK STEREORESTITUTION SYSTEM, AND TIME-SHARED CONTROL OF SEVERAL STEREOPLOTTERS. REAL-TIME CONTROL OF FIVE BASE COMPONENTS IN A UNIVERSAL STEREOPLOTTER IS PROPOSED.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 31 Jul 1974 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/92630</guid>
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    <item>
      <title>A MODEL STUDY OF AUTOMOBILE COLLISIONS</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/108997</link>
      <description><![CDATA[IT WAS FOUND BY DIMENSIONAL ANALYSIS THAT THE VEHICLE MOTION DURING AND AFTER COLLISIONS MAY BE STUDIED WITH SCALE MODELS, IN LIEU OF FULL-SIZE AUTOMOBILES. THE SCALE MODELS WERE DESIGNED TO EXHIBIT THE SAME COEFFICIENTS OF RESTITUTION AND FRICTION BETWEEN THE VEHICLE BODIES IN COLLISION AND THE SAME COEFFICIENT OF FRICTION OF TIRE ON TEST SURFACE AS FULL-SIZE AUTOMOBILES. POST-COLLISION MOTIONS OF THE MODEL VEHICLE DUPLICATE THOSE OF CORRESPONDING FULL-SIZE AUTOMOBILE TESTS, RESULTING FROM SIMILAR IMPULSE EXCHANGE IN COLLISION.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 16 Mar 1970 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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