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    <title>Transport Research International Documentation (TRID)</title>
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    <copyright>Copyright © 2026. National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.</copyright>
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    <managingEditor>tris-trb@nas.edu (Bill McLeod)</managingEditor>
    <webMaster>tris-trb@nas.edu (Bill McLeod)</webMaster>
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      <title>Transport Research International Documentation (TRID)</title>
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      <title>Gravimetric Measurements of Filtering Facepiece Respirators Challenged With Diesel Exhaust</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1532809</link>
      <description><![CDATA[This research examined measurements of diesel particulate matter (DPM) penetration through R95 and P95 filtering facepiece respirators (FFRs). Two diesel engines generated exhaust samples and  polypropylene (PP) and polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) filters sampled the air upstream and downstream of the respirators. Penetration of the respirators was analyzed by gravimetric method and compared with scanning mobility particle sizer (SMPS) measurements. It was found that the results varied between the PP and PTFE filters primarily due to the gas phase hydrocarbons. PP filters adsorbed gas phase materials at a higher rate than PTFE filters resulting in erroneous high penetration measurements in gravimetric analysis using PP filters. Overall it was determined that, due to organic material adsorption, FFR efficiency measured using filters produces erroneous results.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 02 Oct 2018 17:19:32 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1532809</guid>
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      <title>Evaluation of Human Performance While Wearing Respirators</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1307230</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The goal of this study was to assess the feasibility of respirator use in Air Traffic Control and Technical Operations. The authors evaluated several models of Powered Air Purifying Respirators (PAPRs) and N95 respirators for usability, effects on human performance, and effects on the wearer’s well-being. The authors found that binoculars could not be used with any of the PAPRs. Wearing a PAPR affected communication, but the characteristics of the respirator, especially the sound level and frequency spectrum of the noise, played a significant role in determining the extent of the effect and the subjective experience of wearing it. The accuracy levels of face-to-face communication were below those that were considered to be minimally acceptable. For the N95 respirators, we found negative effects on face-to-face communication and observed obstructiveness during simulated maintenance.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 28 May 2014 15:26:28 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1307230</guid>
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      <title>MATERIAL DEVELOPMENT STUDY FOR A HAZARDOUS CHEMICAL PROTECTIVE CLOTHING OUTFIT</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/162928</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Expansion of a data base for protection of personnel engaged in handling accidentally discharged hazardous chemicals was the program objective. This involved assigning levels of protection, reviewing available protective equipment and material chemical compatibility, developing requirements and conducting a test program. A CHRIS listing of 985 chemicals reviewed showed 403 chemicals in the category that personnel be equipped with a sealed suit. Other categories assigned were nonsealed suit, fire suit, and in some instances only gloves and goggles for those chemicals which were innocuous. Literature review was used to establish a test plan. Test results showed that butyl rubber was 38% acceptable and polycarbonate 60% acceptable relative to 403 chemicals. There were 45 chemicals in which levels of protection were not assigned. These were placed into the category of future R&D. Other future R&D studies resulted from chemicals which could not be adequately decontaminated by a detergent-cold water wash in addition to those chemicals found incompatible with butyl rubber and polycarbonate. (Author)]]></description>
      <pubDate>Thu, 12 Jun 2003 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/162928</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>ABRASIVE BLASTING. AN INDSUTRIAL OCCUPATION WITH A BROAD RANGE OF HAZARDS</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/366031</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Article discussing the occupational hazards which are part of the abrasive blasting process. Both the abrasives and surfaces abraded may emit a broad range of dangerous substances. For small industrial applications, the abrasives and parts can be placed inside a sealed cabinet but, for large outdoor construction operations, controlling these hazards becomes a much more difficult challenge. The article covers the following topics: protective clothing; toxic hazards; respirators; and NIOSH protection factors for respirators.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 30 Jun 1992 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/366031</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>PROVIDING SAFE RESPIRATORY PROTECTION IN THE PROTECTIVE COATINGS INDUSTRY</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/288901</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Complying with OSHA (Occupational Safety and Health Administration) standards and providing a safe respiratory protection program in the abrasive blasting and protective coating industries require a through investigation of the advantages and limitations of available respirator equipment in relation to the worksite conditions.  Many factors affect respirator selection: OSHA regulations; nature of the hazard; worker comfort; productivity; costs; and suitability for a particular setting.  The dust hazard which is related to particle size and concentration is discussed.  Respirator protection equipment is of 2 general categories: air-purifying, and atmosphere supplying.  Each of these types are discussed.  It is noted that while supplied air may protect the worker from the workplace environment, inlet air to the compressor may contain dust, dirt, water, carbon monoxide, and other contaminants.  Oil in a compressed breathing air system may cause discomfort or disease.  The purification of breathing air is discussed.  Other options such as ambient air pumps, and air purification panels are also discussed.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 31 Aug 1988 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/288901</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>EMERGENCY PREPAREDNESS FOR RADIOACTIVE MATERIALS HIGHWAY ACCIDENTS</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/210904</link>
      <description><![CDATA[A specialized training course to satisfy highway patrol needs called First-On-Scene Radiological Response Training for Law Enforcement Personnel (FOS-LE) is described.  The course is limited to a maximum of 18 participants per class. The first 3 days of the 4-day course consist of classroom instruction and field training.  The fourth day is devoted to emergency response field exercises.  The course was designed to provide officers with basic understanding of radiation protection, methods of prevention of contamination spread from an accident scene, ability to use radiation detection equipment, and basic decontamination procedures.  The course attempts to eliminate the mystery associated with radiation and impart a better understanding of it.  The biological effects and hazards of exposure are taught as also the ability to identify the presence of radioactive materials (RAM) in a vehicle as well as radioactive material markings. Hands-on experience with respirators, gamma monitoring exercises, and staged scenarios involving RAM transported by motor vehicles are included.  A field exercise involving a high-level radiation source is included in the course.  A radiation monitoring kit is issued to each participant.  A spin-off of this course is one designed for firefighters.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Thu, 28 Feb 1985 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/210904</guid>
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      <title>ROAD TANKER OVERTURNING--WITH AND WITHOUT LOGITUDINAL BAFFLES</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/49524</link>
      <description><![CDATA[A contributing factor to the overturning of heavy vehicles carrying liquid load is the load movements in the tank combined with vehicle roll.  The present report examines how a specific vehicle with elliptic tank cross section will increase its stability against overturning when the tank contains longitudinal walls or baffles to reduce the liquid lateral movements.  The investigation is based on a mathematical computer model of the vehicle with 2 degrees of freedom combined with a physical model of the tank and liquid.  The results show that vertical walls increase the resonance-frequency of the load from about 0.5 Hz to higher and probably more uncommon frequencies.  This resonance-frequency increase will not occur if the tank is supplied with a horizontal baffle.  In fact, this baffle reduces the load movements only when the baffle is near the liquid surface.  /Author/]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 28 Sep 1977 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/49524</guid>
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      <title>AB MATAKI, SWEDEN, GOES "ALL RUBBER"</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/110502</link>
      <description><![CDATA[LOCAL ROCK IN SWEDEN IS A CAMBRIAN SANDSTONE WITH A VERY HIGH QUARTZ CONTENT. THE CRUSHING OF THIS ROCK CREATES TINY PARTICLES OF QUARTZ THAT ARE INVISIBLE AND REMAIN SUSPENDED IN THE AIR FOR SEVERAL DAYS. WORKERS' SUSCEPTIBILITY TO SILICOSIS MADE DUST SUPPRESSION AN ESSENTIAL FACTOR IN THE OPERATION. IN 1964 IT BECAME LAW IN SWEDEN THAT ALL WORKERS EXPOSED TO AN ENVIRONMENT WITH ANY DANGER OF SILICOSIS MUST WEAR RESPIRATORS AT ALL TIMES. A RESEARCH AND DESIGN TEAM WAS ESTABLISHED TO DESIGN A FULLY-AUTOMATIC PLANT THAT WOULD BE DUST FREE. WORK IS NOW CONDUCTED WITHOUT RESPIRATORS. RUBBER IS USED FOR TRUCK LININGS, AND LININGS OF ALL CHUTES AND HOPPERS IN THE CRUSHING PLANT. ALL CONVEYORS ARE OF THE NEW DESIGN OF MEDIUM-COARSE BELTING WITH A SYNTHETIC INLAY. THERE ARE TWO CORD INLAYS EMBEDDED IN A POLYESTER/POLYAMIDE MATRIX. COVERS ARE RUBBER, AND THERE IS A STIFFENING LAYER OF HEABY-DUTY FIBER-REINFORCED RUBBER BETWEEN THE INLAYS TO GIVE THE BELT BODY. AFTER CRUSHING, SCREENS OF A SPECIAL FRACTIONS FOR STORAGE IN APPROPRIATE HOPPERS. RUBBER SCREEN CLOTHS ARE USED THROUGHOUT THE PLANT.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 01 Jun 1970 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/110502</guid>
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