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    <title>Transport Research International Documentation (TRID)</title>
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    <copyright>Copyright © 2026. National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.</copyright>
    <docs>http://blogs.law.harvard.edu/tech/rss</docs>
    <managingEditor>tris-trb@nas.edu (Bill McLeod)</managingEditor>
    <webMaster>tris-trb@nas.edu (Bill McLeod)</webMaster>
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      <title>Transport Research International Documentation (TRID)</title>
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    <item>
      <title>UNCERTAINTY CLOUDS REMOTE CONTROL PICTURE</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/542063</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Portable radio remote controls have been on the market for decades; they are used to control equipment in application ranging from mines and steel mills to Broadway stage productions. Since 1996, Canadian National Railway has accumulated more than 1 million hours of experience operating locomotives by remote control in switching operations, and enjoying both safety and productivity benefits. The article looks at the FRA regulations that do not allow U.S. railroads to use the technology yet, but allows suppliers to continue to refine the remote control technology and aggressively market it outside the United States.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 21 Dec 1998 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/542063</guid>
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    <item>
      <title>BALLAST DISTRIBUTION AND MAINTENANCE: NEW EQUIPMENT BOOSTS SAFETY, PRODUCTIVITY</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/539716</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Railroad engineering departments are looking to automated, remote controlled units to meet tougher challenges in maintaining and upgrading ballast.  Remote control units on ballast trains are both creating a safer work environment and increasing productivity.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 14 Oct 1998 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/539716</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>REMOTE-CONTROLLED BRIDGE MONITORING</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/469301</link>
      <description><![CDATA[A midwestern research laboratory has installed what is believed to be the first global remote monitoring system on a highway bridge. The system -- installed on a rolling bascule bridge over Sturgeon Bay in Door County, Wisconsin -- allows engineers located at the laboratory in Evanston, Illinois, to closely monitor crack propagation and other conditions on the bridge, which is near the end of its design life.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Thu, 18 Dec 1997 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/469301</guid>
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      <title>CAD-INTEGRATED EXCAVATION AND PIPE LAYING</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/577482</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Excavation and, in particular, trenching using backhoes represents a hazardous working environment for construction and highway workers. The hazards include trench walls that collapse, the accidental drop of heavy objects into the opening, excavators, and other equipment that become unstable, and buried utilities that are damaged during the operation.  The three main accident prevention efforts used today are the use of the trench box, inspection, and the training of the site personnel.  The work discussed in this paper is the result of a search for a more revolutionary prevention method:  one that does not require a worker to enter the open trench.  This paper presents the development and testing of a computer-aided design (CAD) integrated trenching and pipelaying system.  The successful testing of the first prototype could lay the foundation for safer and more productive trenching operations in the future.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 22 Oct 1997 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/577482</guid>
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      <title>INFLUENCE OF GENERIC AIRSPACE ON AIR TRAFFIC CONTROLLER PERFORMANCE</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/573757</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The generic sector evaluated in this study was based on a four-corner post operation used in many terminal areas in the United States.  Arrival aircraft originated from one of four arrival fixes just outside the sector boundaries.  In addition to the main airport, there were three satellite airports that were under radar control.  Departure aircraft from the main and satellite airports were sent directly to one of four departure fixes located outside the sector boundaries.  Eleven air traffic controllers from the Atlantic City TRACON participated in the study.  The experiment was conducted at the Federal Aviation Administration Technical Center's Human Factors Laboratory at the Atlantic City International Airport.  The experimental apparatus consisted of a high fidelity air traffic control simulator with voice communication equipment to allow controllers to issue commands to remote simulation pilots.  The results showed significantly lower Air Traffic Workload Input Technique (ATWIT) ratings by the last generic run compared to the first generic run on the first-day training runs.  In addition, post-scenario questionnaire ratings for ability to plan, exchange information, and prioritize were significantly higher by the last run. Correlation between scores on the generic sector and the Atlantic City sector were significant for over-the-shoulder ratings, ATWIT ratings, and post-scenario questionnaire ratings.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Thu, 16 Oct 1997 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/573757</guid>
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      <title>VENEZUELAN PLANT COMPLETES INSTRUMENT UPGRADE</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/463568</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Maraven has completed an instrumentation upgrade at its Lamarliquido LPG plant, offshore Lake Maracaibo. After 25 years of pneumatic instrumentation, the plant is now operating fully remote from a new central control room.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 05 Aug 1996 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/463568</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>REMOTE MONITORING OF EMISSIONS USING ON-VEHICLE SENSING AND VEHICLE TO ROADSIDE COMMUNICATIONS</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/461963</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Recent developments in on-vehicle electronics makes practical remote monitoring of vehicle emissions compliance with CARB and EPA regulations.  A system consisting of emission controls malfunction sensors, an on-board computer (OBC), and vehicle-to-roadside communications (VRC) would enable enforcement officials to remotely and automatically detect vehicle out-of-compliance status.  Remote sensing could be accomplished at highway speeds as vehicles pass a roadside RF antenna and reader unit which would interrogate the on-vehicle monitoring and recording system.  This paper focuses on the hardware system components required to achieve this goal with special attention to the VRC; a key element for remote monitoring, this remote sensing concept piggybacks on the development of inexpensive VRC equipment for automatic vehicle identification for electronic toll collection and intelligent transportation applications.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 05 Jun 1996 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/461963</guid>
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      <title>EVALUATION OF A VIDEO SYSTEM FOR REMOTE MONITORING OF WINTER ROAD SURFACE CONDITIONS</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/454916</link>
      <description><![CDATA[This study evaluates a remote video surveillance system as an aid to personal inspection of road conditions at a site remote from the highway patrol office and subject to more severe weather conditions than adjacent patrol areas.  The investigators compared the reliability of the system in portraying accurate information on road weather conditions by comparing conditions as interpreted from the remote video screen with the true conditions at the site.  This report presents the results of the study and an assessment of the costs of the remote monitoring system and of the monetary benefits arising from reductions in travel time, accidents, and direct operating costs.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 13 May 1996 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/454916</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>EVALUATION OF A PROTOTYPE AIR TRANSPORT SYSTEM FOR USE IN A CRATE HANDLING AND SIZE REDUCTION FACILITY</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/304903</link>
      <description><![CDATA[This paper describes the design features and evaluation, under simulated active conditions, of a purpose designed remotely operated air transporter system.  The paper concludes by recommending that air transporter, based on this concept, is considered for the alpha active facility.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 30 Apr 1996 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/304903</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>DEVICE IS BOON FOR BLIND PEDESTRIANS</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/450724</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Article describes a remote-control device which helps to stop all traffic at crosswalks. The hand-held device, when pushed, squeaks to let a blind pedestrian know when to cross. It will work at any intersection that has a traffic signal equipped to receive the signal. After the device is triggered, traffic at all four crosswalks comes to a halt. The device then emits a tone indicating that the intersection is clear for visually-impaired pedestrians to cross both streets of an intersection. When time is nearly up for a safe crossing, the device emits a series of beeps. Currently, the device is in use at one Norfolk, Virginia intersection which houses the special receiving equipment needed to read the remote's transmission.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Thu, 14 Sep 1995 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/450724</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>TEXAS GATHERING SYSTEM'S SCADA EVOLVED OVER 14 YEARS</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/427104</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The supervisory control and data acquisition (scada) system along Aquila Gas Pipeline's more than 2,000-mile system evolved without a controlling plan over the last 14 years to become, nonetheless, workable and effective. For 10 years until 1991, a network of dumb remote terminal devices transmitted data to the control center at Giddings via 173 mhz VHF radios. This system was strictly for monitoring the pipeline; there were no remote controls. The old system operated at about 20 bits per sec (bps), monitoring 210 points and taking a complete poll in 20 minutes. Although this system served the company well, in 1991 the company bought another pipeline and agreed to sell gas to a power plant. This change involved adding two new highly automated metering stations that required a more sophisticated remote terminal unit (RTU).]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 21 Aug 1995 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/427104</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>SMART CARDS FOR TRANSIT: MULTI-USE REMOTELY INTERROGATED STORED DATA CARDS FOR FARE AND TOLL PAYMENT</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/422485</link>
      <description><![CDATA[This project developed relevant information on existing and future, stored readable/writable data card technology for fare and toll payments.  The project supports the FTA objective of developing a plan for a common standard card-based fare payment system that can be used for various public transit modes. Information was developed through analyses of existing automated card technology, examination of current and planned applications in relevant transit modes, and in-person interviews with public transit personnel.  The report presents card design characteristics for person-based and vehicle-based applications as well as application characteristics that must be supported by the ultimate automated card system.  The key finding was that fare and toll applications have different requirements. Moreover, the goal of integrating these two applications (person-based and vehicle-based) onto a single card is complicated by differences such as the required read range.  For the person-based application, it appears that remote coupling (RF proximity) technology will best satisfy integrated requirements.  A key reason for choosing RF proximity technology over magnetic stripe technology was to support the needs of mobility limited riders.  For vehicle-based applications, a much longer read range is necessary, and it appears that longer range smart transponder (RFID Type III) technology is the most appropriate.  Only a few of the existing technologies are applicable when matched against critical requirements and performance criteria.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Thu, 06 Jul 1995 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/422485</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>STEADY-STATE ANALYSIS OF UNDERWATER CABLES</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/424781</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The equations required to analyze the three-dimensional steady-state configuration of an underwater cable system is considered by the investigator.  Equations used to simulate the cable configurations of towed systems and autonomous remotely controlled systems are presented.  A sea-buggy example demonstrates the solution of the resulting two-point boundary-value problem by a shooting method.  An example of a towed system using a stranded cable illustrates the inclusion of cable lift.  The dependence of the cable tension on the cable length is revealed in simplified analysis.  The author concludes that the optimum length of cable required to produce the minimum force on the vehicle is between three and six times the direct range of the vehicle from the ship, for various vehicle positions.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 04 Apr 1995 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/424781</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>REMOTE CONTROLS FOR VEHICLES. (LATEST CITATIONS FROM THE U.S. PATENT BIBLIOGRAPHIC FILE WITH EXEMPLARY CLAIMS)</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/412721</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The bibliography contains citations of selected patents concerning the design, construction, and operation of remote controls for vehicles.  Citations cover remotely operated mirrors, gas gaps, locks, and door opening and closing devices. Controls for shifting gears and for starting engines are also covered.  (Contains a minimum of 182 citations and includes a subject term index and title list.)]]></description>
      <pubDate>Sun, 15 Jan 1995 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/412721</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>EARLY DETECTION OF ROCK MOVEMENT WITH TIME DOMAIN REFLECTOMETRY</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/409505</link>
      <description><![CDATA[This paper summarizes results of a real-time, remotely controlled time domain reflectometry (TDR) monitoring program to demonstrate the effectiveness of remote polling for early detection of rock-mass deformation.  During field testing, TDR data were related to shear deformation above a longwall caving operation using a correlation between the signature reflection coefficient and shear deformation established through laboratory measurements.  A 175-m vertical coaxial TDR cable was grouted into the rock mass above the longwall coal-mining operation and attached to the aboveground-pulsing instrument.  Results of the TDR measurements were compared with surface movements and overburden geology.  Special attention was devoted to the effects, as measured in the laboratory, of cable length, cable diameter, and shear-zone width.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Sat, 10 Sep 1994 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/409505</guid>
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