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    <title>Transport Research International Documentation (TRID)</title>
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    <atom:link href="https://trid.trb.org/Record/RSS?s=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" rel="self" type="application/rss+xml" />
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    <copyright>Copyright © 2026. National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.</copyright>
    <docs>http://blogs.law.harvard.edu/tech/rss</docs>
    <managingEditor>tris-trb@nas.edu (Bill McLeod)</managingEditor>
    <webMaster>tris-trb@nas.edu (Bill McLeod)</webMaster>
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      <title>Transport Research International Documentation (TRID)</title>
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      <link>https://trid.trb.org/</link>
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    <item>
      <title>LDHs encapsulated phase change material: Towards a highly reflective and thermal storage asphalt pavement for alleviating the urban heat island effect</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2662150</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The thermal storage systems based on Phase change materials (PCMs) and the high reflectivity of pavement reflective materials (PRMs) can efficiently mitigate urban heat islands (UHI) effect. However, the low stability of PCM and the uncontrollable reflectivity of PRMs limit their practical application. Therefore, a novel shape-stabilized PCM (LA-SA LDHs) was prepared by intercalating Stearic acid - Lauric acid PCM (LA-SA PCM) into the interlayers of layered double hydroxides (LDHs). Compared to previous preparation methods for PCM/LDHs, the LA-SA intercalated LDHs not only involve ionic bonding but also exhibit a nanoconfinement effect, which imparts exceptional shape stability to the composite. Then, the LA-SA LDHs mixed into asphalt to prepare reflective and thermal storage asphalt concrete (LA-SA LDHs MAC). The performance of LA-SA LDHs were characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, and heating-cooling cycle tests. The road performance and thermodynamic performance of LA-SA LDHs MAC were evaluated by the Marshall test, rutting test, and photothermal conversion test. The results show that LA-SA LDHs have a high phase change material retention rate (95.13 %), a satisfactory melting enthalpy (177.2 J/g). LA-SA LDHs MAC reduces the average road surface temperature by 3.06 °C. This study combines the reflective performance of LDHs with the heat storage characteristics of PCM, proposing a novel approach to mitigating the UHI effect.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Fri, 01 May 2026 14:33:18 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2662150</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Solar-reflective asphalt thin layer with TiO₂ and glass beads: A sustainable solution for permafrost protection and pavement performance enhancement in cold-regions</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2662139</link>
      <description><![CDATA[In cold regions, intense solar radiation on asphalt pavements induces thermal degradation and permafrost thaw settlement, causing cracking and uneven subsidence that compromise pavement serviceability and lifespan. Conventional heat-reflective coatings can reduce heat absorption but suffer from poor skid and fracture resistance, as well as limited durability due to texture loss and interfacial delamination, which ultimately diminishes their long-term cooling performance. To address these limitations, a novel heat-reflective asphalt thin layer was proposed using a clear asphalt binder with TiO₂ and glass beads incorporated via aggregate replacement. An innovative high-precision xenon lamp irradiation chamber was employed to conduct indoor tests, evaluating both surface and in-depth cooling performance. Pavement performance, including high-temperature stability, low-temperature cracking resistance, water stability, and skid resistance, was comprehensively assessed. Results showed that: (1) the optimal composition of 4 % TiO2 and 1.5 % glass beads (T4G1.5) balanced cooling performance and cost, reducing surface temperatures by over 8 °C and bottom-layer temperatures by up to 5 °C; (2) T4G1.5 exhibited superior texture depth (1.1 mm) and British Pendulum Number (83) compared to conventional coatings; and (3) T4G1.5 achieved satisfactory high-temperature and water stability, along with enhanced −10 °C fracture properties relative to SBS-modified asphalt mixtures, increasing stress intensity factor by 66.7 %, fracture energy by 128.1 %, and cracking resistance index by 35.9 %. These findings demonstrate that the heat-reflective asphalt thin layer is a durable and practical solution for protecting permafrost while maintaining pavement performance in cold regions.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Fri, 01 May 2026 14:33:17 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2662139</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Nordic certification system for road marking materials : results of performance measurements in 2025</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2666544</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The Nordic certification system NordicCert aims at testing and certifying road marking materials with respect to the durability of the products. Product certification is based on monitored and documented performance measurements of material samples applied on test fields on public roads. The materials are certified in relation to the number of wheel passages they will stand, with maintained performance. The certification system includes road marking materials for longitudinal and transverse road markings in categories with respect to colour (white or yellow), type (type I, type II, type II inlaid, antiskid, hand application, non-reflective with enhanced durability, and temporary) and thickness (0.4, 0.6, 1.5, 3 and 5 mm).  The present report documents the follow-up performance measurements that were carried out at the test fields in 2025, i.e., one-year follow-up measurements for materials applied in 2024 and two-years follow-up measurements for materials applied in 2023. The performance parameters include the coefficient of retroreflected luminance ( R L ) under dry and wet conditions, the luminance coefficient under diffuse illumination ( Qd ), the skid resistance, the chromaticity in daylight, and the chromaticity of retroreflected light (yellow materials only).  Out of the 31 materials applied at the Finnish-Icelandic-Norwegian-Swedish test site in 2024, 21fulfilled the performance requirements in at least one roll-over class P0-P4 after one year. Out of the 36 materials applied in 2023, 1 fulfilled the performance requirements in roll-over class P5 after two years. Out of the 14 materials applied at the Danish test site in 2024, 6 fulfilled the performance requirements in at least one roll-over class P0-P5 after one year. Out of the 23 materials applied in 2023, none fulfilled the performance requirements in roll-over classes P5.5-P6 after two years.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Thu, 05 Feb 2026 08:33:37 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2666544</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Evolutionary patterns and influencing mechanisms of asphalt pavement reflectance and temperature rise characteristics under tire wear</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2635540</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The inherent low reflectance and high heat absorption characteristics of asphalt pavements significantly affect pavement service life and contribute to the urban heat island effect. This study investigates the evolutionary patterns and mechanisms of pavement reflectance and temperature rise characteristics under tire wear. Through accelerated loading tests and photothermal experiments, we analyzed the evolution of texture parameters, reflectance, and thermal characteristics in three typical asphalt mixtures: AC-13, SMA-13, and PA-13. The effects of gradation type and texture deterioration on surface reflectance and temperature rise performance were systematically examined. An outdoor field temperature test was further conducted to explore the correlation between reflectance and heating performance. The results demonstrate that the reflectance of all three mixtures follows an S-shaped growth pattern during wear, effectively described by a Logistic growth model (R² > 0.92). A significant negative correlation was observed between pavement texture and reflectance, with Mean Texture Depth (MTD), Arithmetic Mean Height (Sa), Root Mean Square Height (Sq), and Void Volume (Vvv) identified as key influencing factors. The established linear model between reflectance and heating value effectively predicts the temperature rise behavior of asphalt mixtures under solar radiation. These findings provide valuable insights for optimizing pavement durability design and theoretical support for mitigating urban heat island effects.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 04 Feb 2026 16:28:53 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2635540</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Temperature-regulating asphalt mixture incorporating phase change and high-reflective materials: Thermal behavior and mechanical performance</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2625093</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Extreme seasonal temperature fluctuations pose substantial challenges to asphalt pavement performance, particularly under intense summer heat and winter freeze–thaw cycles. This study compares the effects of individual and combined use of phase change materials (PCM) and high-reflectivity materials (HRM) on asphalt properties, while also investigating the effects of dry and wet incorporation of HRM and the dry incorporation of PCM to determine the most effective incorporation method. A series of laboratory experiments were conducted to evaluate the mechanical and thermal regulation performance of the mixtures. Mechanical characterization included Marshall stability, dynamic modulus, uniaxial creep, and moisture stability tests, providing a comprehensive assessment of structural behavior. Thermal regulation performance is examined through environmental simulations designed to replicate seasonal environmental conditions, such as solar heating to simulate high summer temperatures, laboratory freezing to reproduce winter freeze conditions, and low-temperature ice-pulling tests. Results show that HRM enhances high-temperature stability and stiffness, while PCM improves low-temperature ductility and resistance to freeze–thaw damage. The dual-modified mixtures maintain structural integrity while offering improved mechanical balance. In terms of thermal regulation, HRM effectively reduces asphalt surface temperatures by up to 5–6 °C under solar exposure, particularly when applied via wet mixing, which improves material dispersion and integration. PCM demonstrates strong self-deicing potential by delaying freezing onset and weakening ice adhesion through latent heat release. The combined use of HRM and PCM achieves complementary thermal control effects in both summer and winter scenarios. In particular, wet mixing ensures better material dispersion and interfacial bonding, resulting in more stable temperature regulation and enhanced mechanical performance compared to dry mixing. This study provides new insights into the synergistic design of thermally adaptive asphalt mixtures, offering methodological reference for developing climate-resilient pavements.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Fri, 09 Jan 2026 08:44:26 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2625093</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Study to Understand the Influence of Emergency Vehicle Color, Reflectance, Signing/Arrow Boards, and Lighting Configurations in Reducing Responder-Involved Crashes</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2642797</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The main objective of the research project is to develop a set of recommendations on emergency lighting, vehicle colors, markings, use of dynamic message boards, and placement of graphics to influence driver compliance with Florida’s “Move Over” law. The goal of this project is to understand the effect of different emergency lights color and flash patterns on human eyes and how to improve the conspicuity, visibility, and reflectivity of RRSP vehicles in varying light and weather conditions to improve Road Ranger Service Patrol (RRSP) safety.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 17 Dec 2025 15:58:45 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2642797</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>The protective effect of pedestrian reflective devices: A combined micro- and macro-level study</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2625921</link>
      <description><![CDATA[From 2003 to 2022 pedestrian use of reflective devices in darkness on lit roads in urban areas in Norway increased from 11% to 43%. This paper reports a study evaluating: (a) the protective effect of reflective devices for each pedestrian and (b) the effect on the number of injured pedestrians of an increase in the use of reflective devices. To evaluate the protective effect of reflective devices for each pedestrian a case-control study was made, using injured pedestrians as cases, and pedestrians observed in traffic as controls. To evaluate the effects of increased use of reflective devices, ARIMA time series models and Poisson regression models for panel data were applied. Use of reflective devices was associated with a reduction of 84% (odds ratio 0.16) of the chance of getting injured on lit roads in urban areas. The estimated effect is large, but not inconsistent with estimates of the increased safety margin as indicated by the increase in recognition distance to pedestrians using reflective devices. ARIMA time series models and Poisson regression models for panel data consistently indicated that increased use of reflective devices was associated with a reduction of the number of injured pedestrians. The negative sign was consistent, but the values of the coefficient varied substantially between models and was in most cases not statistically significant. A conservative estimate is that the increased use of reflective devices may have reduced the number of pedestrians injured in darkness on lit roads in urban areas by about 10–15%. Use of reflective devices in darkness is likely to protect pedestrians from traffic injury. Reflective devices are a cheap and effective method of reducing pedestrian injury in darkness which remains underutilized. Measures promoting the use of reflective devices are likely to be very cost-effective.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 02 Dec 2025 09:57:30 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2625921</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Field and laboratory measurement of albedo and heat transfer for pavement materials</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2605975</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Albedo is an important indicator of the radiation reflectance of pavement surface and commonly measured using the field albedometer. In this study, factors affecting the field measurement of albedo including solar radiation intensity, incident angle and surrounding conditions were investigated. A new albedometer for laboratory testing of albedo and internal temperature at different depths in compacted asphalt mixture/Portland cement concrete (PCC) slabs was developed to overcome the negative effects of field measurements. Laboratory measurements of albedo were performed on three types of asphalt mixture (e.g. AC-13, SMA-13 and OGFC-13) and PCC with different surface textures using the developed albedometer. Three types of coating materials were prepared by mixing base material of transparent epoxy glue and the filler of Nano-TiO2, Micro-TiO2 and Nano-ZnO, respectively. The albedo and internal temperature of asphalt mixtures with coating materials were also measured and compared to those without coating materials. Results show that the developed laboratory albedometer can synchronously measure the accurate albedo and internal temperature of pavement materials. The albedo of three types of asphalt mixtures have a range of 5.46%–6.11%, while the albedo of PCC with different surface textures ranges from 22.8% to 26.4%. The gradation of asphalt mixture has little impact on the albedo. Rougher PCC surface reflect less solar radiation and produce a higher internal temperature. The filler of Micro-TiO2 in pavement coating has the better reflectance than Nano-TiO2 and Nano-ZnO.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 24 Nov 2025 10:23:28 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2605975</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Cool Pavement Evaluation: Sun Valley, Los Angeles</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2611283</link>
      <description><![CDATA[In recent years, the City of Los Angeles has been leading the efforts to combat Urban Heat. In particular, the City outlined a goal of reducing the urban-rural temperature differential by 3°F by 2035 (Sustainable City pLAn, 2015). To achieve this goal, the Bureau of Street Services (StreetsLA), initiated the installation of solar reflective 'Cool Pavements' across fifteen City Council Districts. The report draws upon three empirical research methods to examine the thermal comfort of the novel Cool Pavements Project in the Sun Valley neighborhood in Los Angeles. For this study, Sun Valley site was selected because the area received three different treatments of the Cool Pavements, and has a patch of regular asphalt pavement within the same neighborhood block.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 19 Nov 2025 09:26:58 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2611283</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Energy-harvesting relay-assisted STAR-RIS-enhanced vehicular NOMA networks</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2583084</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The integration of simultaneous transmitting and reflecting reconfigurable intelligent surface (STAR-RIS) with non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) technology represents an effective approach for enabling massive device connectivity and achieving 360° network coverage. Under the NOMA scheme, the communication performance of weak users can be significantly enhanced, thereby improving user fairness; however, this often comes at the cost of performance degradation for strong users. Therefore, an energy harvesting relay-assisted STAR-RIS enhanced vehicular NOMA network is considered in this paper. Specifically, the paper provides a detailed analysis of the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) at the near and far vehicles within the STAR-RIS-assisted vehicular NOMA network. The channel gain from the base station to the near vehicle via STAR-RIS and the composite channel gain between the base station and the far vehicle are approximated using Gamma distributions, with the accuracy of these approximations validated through Monte Carlo simulations. Based on the end-to-end SNR and the statistical characteristics of the channels, closed-form approximate expressions for the outage probabilities of near and far vehicles are rigorously derived, where the direct communication link exists between the far vehicle and the base station, while the energy-harvesting relay provides an auxiliary communication for the near vehicle. All analytical results are validated through simulations. The numerical and simulation results show that, without increasing the number of STAR-RIS elements, the outage performance of the near and far vehicles can be effectively controlled by adjusting the power allocation at the base station and the reflection/transmission coefficients of the STAR-RIS elements. This approach promotes fairness among vehicle users. Moreover, comparison with the orthogonal multiple access (OMA) scheme demonstrates that NOMA achieves better fairness between vehicle users and significantly reduces the outage probability for the far vehicle. Additionally, the energy-harvesting relay helps alleviate the negative impact of NOMA on the near vehicle, thereby further enhancing its communication stability.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Fri, 17 Oct 2025 16:49:29 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2583084</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Rapid and simultaneous determination of physical and chemical properties of asphalt by ATR-FTIR spectroscopy combined with a novel calibration-free method</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2570949</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Determining wax content, softening point, and penetration of asphalt products by traditional methods is too time-consuming to meet the instant need in practice. Although infrared spectroscopy combined with multivariate calibration may realize rapid determination of asphalt, its modeling and maintenance are very labor-intensive and challenging. In this paper, a novel method combining attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) with a fast algorithm of spectrum representation (SR) was proposed to rapidly and expediently determine the properties. The proposed method achieves calibration-free, effectively overcoming the drawback of the modeling methods. The feasibility of the new method was demonstrated using 431 asphalt samples produced by different kinds of crude oil. The root mean standard error of prediction (RMSEP) of wax content, softening point, and penetration by SR method are 0.14%, 0.55 °C and 4.71 (0.1 mm), respectively. Each of them is below the reproducibility of corresponding standard test method. Moreover, the new method is compared with other two commonly used methods, partial least squares regression (PLS) and local modeling by densification (LMD), in detail. The results show that the new method not only can solve the disadvantages of PLS modeling effectively, but also is remarkably superior to LMD method, in repeatability and speed, and robustness for predicting the sample in the region with lower density and unreasonable distribution of the samples in data bank.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Fri, 29 Aug 2025 10:03:46 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2570949</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Tire abrasion induced patterns of pavement reflectivity characteristics from lab to field</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2566315</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Pavement reflectivity is a critical parameter that characterizes a pavement surface's capacity to reflect solar radiation. This property is fundamentally associated with environmental challenges, particularly urban heat island effects. However, the distribution pattern of reflectivity and its decay behavior remain unclear due to the lack of rapid, large-scale sensing methods. This study aims to characterise the reflective features derived from laser-scanned data and investigate the abrasion-induced evolution patterns through laboratory and field tests. Statistical indicators and two-term Gaussian fits were proposed to describe the distribution of reflectance intensity. The Mweighted was selected as the primary indicator due to its strong consistency and linear correlation with optical reflectivity measurements (R²=0.908). Indoor and outdoor controlled experiments were designed to continuously track the reflectance decay under abrasion. In the laboratory test, a 1/3-scale Model Mobile Load Simulator was used to simulate tire abrasion on stone matrix asphalt (SMA) pavements. The results revealed a linear trend indicating that the pavement reflectivity increases with the progression of abrasion. In the field test, samples were collected from the left, right, and non-wheel tracks of eight expressway sections before and after preventive maintenance. The results show that the reflectivity of pavement tends to increase progressively in the early service time. The reflectivities of wheel tracks were lower than those of non-wheel tracks on the old road but higher than those on the newly paved road. This study paved the way for rapid and long-term assessment of pavement reflectivity, supporting research on cool and reflective pavements.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Thu, 24 Jul 2025 11:29:30 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2566315</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Energy efficiency optimization for UAV-mounted IRS assisted ISAC systems under statistical CSI</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2573727</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Integrated Sensing and Communication (ISAC) systems are advantageous for enhancing both communication and sensing capabilities, but their performance is significantly impacted by signal blockages in dynamic vehicular environments. An Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV)-mounted Intelligent Reflective Surface (IRS) for air-to-ground communication and sensing can significantly enhance coverage and deployment flexibility. However, the additional power consumption of the UAV-mounted IRS (UIRS) remains a challenge. To mitigate this, the authors propose a novel UIRS-assisted ISAC system that aims to maximize communication energy efficiency (EE) while meeting sensing quality-of-service (QoS) requirements by optimizing the UAV trajectory, IRS passive beamforming, and base station (BS) active beamforming. Due to the complex and dynamic nature of wireless channels, acquiring Channel State Information (CSI) is challenging, especially with the UAV's mobility and the passive mode of IRS. Therefore, statistical CSI is adopted in the proposed scheme. The optimization problem is reformulated into a tractable form and solved by decomposing it into three subproblems, which include using the Dinkelbach transformation for fractional programming in EE calculation, Successive Convex Approximation (SCA) for UAV trajectory optimization, and Semi-Definite Relaxation (SDR) for both active and passive beamforming designs. An alternating optimization (AO)-based framework iteratively solves all subproblems, with proven algorithm convergence and computational efficiency. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed UIRS-assisted ISAC system significantly improves both communication and sensing performance compared to benchmark schemes.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 23 Jul 2025 09:15:22 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2573727</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Exploring the Impact of Bistatic Target Reflectivity in ISAC-Enabled V2V Setup Across Diverse Geometrical Road Layouts</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2553812</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Integrated Sensing and Communication (ISAC) is an intriguing emerging research area that combines radar sensing and communication functionalities in a unified platform, capitalizing on shared aspects of signal processing, spectrum utilization, and system design. For sensing applications, the reflectivity of objects between Transmitter (TX) and Receiver (RX) is crucial. It is normally modeled as a uniform scatterer or a group of uniform scatterers in wireless channels. These models do not take into account the dependence of reflectivity on the aspect angles of incident and scattering waves, the composed material, and the geometry of the objects. Therefore, the authors model the reflectivity of target vehicles using their bistatic Radar Cross Section (RCS), as in radar sensing, within a Vehicle to Vehicle (V2V) setup under the Integrated Sensing and Communication (ISAC) framework. Moreover, they consider constant and variable bistatic Target Reflectivity (TR) integrated setups with two diverse traffic scenarios. These traffic scenarios are modeled to be realistic, with diverse geometrical road layouts, variable vehicle velocities, distinct vehicle positions, and the presence of Diffuse (DI) scattering components. Then, the authors inspect the impact of the bistatic TR on the behavior of the wireless channel and target detection capability. The variable TR integrated setup leads to a more accurate realization of the scenario, leading to outcomes that closely resemble real-world conditions. The results show the substantial impact of the geometrical setup on the distribution of TR, which emphasizes the need to integrate TR into ISAC-enabled V2V channel models.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Fri, 18 Jul 2025 15:10:25 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2553812</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Sustainable Chip Seals for Climate-Resilient, Reflective Pavements in Urban Heat Mitigation—Work in Progress</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2562137</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The increasing need for sustainable infrastructure and climate adaptation has sparked interest in materials that can lower surface temperatures, improve safety, and ensure long-term pavement performance. This study piloted a systematic literature review on innovative chip seal materials based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) framework by identifying 37 papers from 2015 to 2024, focusing on materials, design methods, and performance evaluation. The critical gaps in the design and implementation of climate-resilient chip seal materials from the literature were identified and presented. To address these gaps, an experimental framework was planned to develop and assess the performance of innovative, sustainable climate-resilient chip seals for reflective pavements. Specifically, it evaluated the use of Polymer-Modified Cationic Rapid-Set (PMCRS-1s) asphalt emulsions, along with locally sourced cover aggregates as chip seal materials. The properties of the aggregates and asphalt emulsion were assessed. The McLeod design method was adopted for chip seal design and compared with the Oklahoma Department of Transportation (ODOT) specifications. The results showed that the use of McLeod chip seal design for material quantification aligns with ODOT specifications and achieved an aggregate retention rate of approximately 50%. Also, skid resistance testing using the British Pendulum demonstrated improved performance for the chip seal with PMCRS-1s asphalt emulsion. Due to the limitation of time and resources, reflectivity tests were not reported in this manuscript.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 08 Jul 2025 09:57:33 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2562137</guid>
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