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    <title>Transport Research International Documentation (TRID)</title>
    <link>https://trid.trb.org/</link>
    <atom:link href="https://trid.trb.org/Record/RSS?s=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" rel="self" type="application/rss+xml" />
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    <language>en-us</language>
    <copyright>Copyright © 2026. National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.</copyright>
    <docs>http://blogs.law.harvard.edu/tech/rss</docs>
    <managingEditor>tris-trb@nas.edu (Bill McLeod)</managingEditor>
    <webMaster>tris-trb@nas.edu (Bill McLeod)</webMaster>
    <image>
      <title>Transport Research International Documentation (TRID)</title>
      <url>https://trid.trb.org/Images/PageHeader-wTitle.jpg</url>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/</link>
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    <item>
      <title>Unequal benefits of metro station proximity: Income-level differences in housing price effects in Medellín</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2663692</link>
      <description><![CDATA[This study examines how proximity to metro stations is associated with housing prices in Medellín, Colombia, and how this relationship varies across income groups and spatial scales. While the capitalization of transport infrastructure into real estate values is widely recognized, its social and spatial heterogeneity remains underexplored in Latin American cities. Using a dataset of georeferenced housing transactions and spatial information on urban amenities, we estimate hedonic pricing models—including Ordinary Least Squares, Spatial Autoregressive, and Spatial Error Models—with income-level interaction terms and stratified buffer thresholds optimized through an iterative procedure.The results reveal that metro accessibility is not uniformly valued across the city. In low-income districts, proximity to a metro station is associated with a price premium of approximately 9.4%, whereas in high-income neighborhoods, it corresponds to a statistically significant price penalty of 9.8%. Moreover, the spatial reach of metro influence decreases with income level, ranging from 1.7 km in low-income areas to just 0.6 km in high-income zones. Among all urban amenities considered, metro stations exhibit the most pronounced variation in market valuation across socioeconomic groups.These findings underscore the need for disaggregated, income-sensitive approaches in both spatial modeling and urban policy design. The buffer-based strategy proposed here offers a flexible and empirically grounded method to capture how accessibility is differentially perceived and valued in stratified urban contexts. In cities of the Global South—where inequality is spatially embedded—planning efforts must account for these disparities to ensure that transit investments promote inclusive urban development.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 25 Feb 2026 09:10:54 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2663692</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Assessing the Relationship between Road Diets and Real Estate Property Values: A Case Study of Fresno, CA</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2562086</link>
      <description><![CDATA[There is a noticeable impact of road diet completions on property values in Fresno, California, as seen on six road segments that underwent road diets between 2003 and 2018. Using ArcGIS to delineate property boundaries, the study analyzes property value trends based on real estate transaction data from 2000 to 2019, sourced by the Gazarian Real Estate Center at California State University, Fresno. The data reviews sales transactions before, during, and after road diet construction. Additionally, the study includes a sentiment survey of property owners living on the affected roads to gauge their perceptions of the impact of road diets on neighborhood quality and property values. By comparing survey results with empirical data, the research aims to identify any significant changes in property values due to road diet implementation. The findings indicate that road diet implementations have little to no effect on residential property values.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 27 Jan 2026 16:16:16 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2562086</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Integration and Prosperity: An Analysis of the Impact of Beijing’s Urban Infrastructure and Service Facilities on Real Estate Value</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2529863</link>
      <description><![CDATA[This study examines the impact of commercial spaces, transportation facilities, and green spaces on real estate values in Beijing, demonstrating how these elements can enhance property attractiveness and regional economic vitality. Utilizing house price data and service facility POI and AOI data, the research employs kernel density and geodetector models to show that a robust urban infrastructure positively influences house prices, particularly when commercial areas are integrated with ample green spaces. A case study of the Beijing Olympic Forest Park and its adjacent commercial and transport amenities further validates the theoretical findings and discusses their implications for urban planning and real estate development. The paper emphasizes the need for a balanced approach to infrastructure and environmental protection to foster sustainable urban growth and a robust real estate market.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Fri, 09 Jan 2026 16:22:41 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2529863</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Implementation of Electronic Appraisal System</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2567156</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Research project 9-1523 is a Texas-led study supported by national pooled funds which has developed a prototype Electronic Appraisal System (EAS). The EAS streamlines the review and approval process for real property acquisition by allowing the capture, transmission, storage, management, analysis and reporting of appraisal data in a secure electronic format. The prototype was unveiled at the May, 2006 AASHTO Right-of-Way Conference in Baltimore, and has met with wide acceptance by state DOT R/W personnel. However, the prototype is only a proof-of-concept for the EAS. It was built to demonstrate the key features of the proposed EAS with limited functionalities. In order to implement the EAS for the Texas Department of Transportation (TxDOT) use, a new appraisal report template was provided by the ROW Division of TxDOT in April, 2009. Certain features of the prototype system must be customized to the local conditions of Texas while some other features of the prototype must be further enhanced and/or fine-tuned according to this new template. The resulting product is the Electronic Appraisal Reporting System (EARS). This report summarizes the work conducted under the implementation project.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 04 Aug 2025 17:46:27 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2567156</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>The Market Value Assessment of the Land Plots Encumbered with Mortgage Debt</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2407891</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The valuation issues of land plots, passed as a subject of mortgage, are considered. It is indicated that in modern publications on assessing the market value, sufficient attention is not paid to the specifics of calculating these land plots. It is noted that land plots are assessed by two approaches - profitable and costly, in each of their constituent methods, the presence of a mortgage debt should be taken into account. The limited application of the cost approach is noted. The methods of accounting for outstanding borrowed funds in direct capitalization and cash flow discounting, using the comparative approach methods are shown. Calculation schemes and formulas are given. Difficulties in determining the discount rate are noted; it is proposed to apply the method of boundary estimates, which makes it possible to overcome the uncertainty of information when estimating the discount value. In conclusion, it is noted that the recommended methods for assessing mortgaged land plots give an opportunity to take into account the theoretical position, according to which the market value of real estate, including land plots, decreases when various kinds of encumbrances are imposed. At the same time, as soon as the mortgage loan is paid off, the market value of land plots is increased.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 28 Jul 2025 13:51:29 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2407891</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Impact of railway grade separation: Aspects of real estate prices and gentrification</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2540115</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The construction of railways has been proven to affect not only transportation but also land values and the potential for gentrification. However, debates persist due to limited studies and unclear benefits of projects related to the renewal of the transport infrastructure. This study examines the impact of railway grade separation on real estate prices and gentrification based on the cases in Taichung and Kaohsiung, Taiwan, using elevated and underground systems, respectively. Through difference-in-differences models and hierarchical clustering with Markov chains, the study analyzes gentrification indices and proximity to railway grade separation projects. Both cities show significant changes in real estate prices, but only Kaohsiung exhibits noticeable shifts in household income, indicating gentrification. The results provide insights for the government in enhanced evaluation of policy feasibility and future project implementation.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 27 May 2025 09:33:54 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2540115</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Impacts of High Speed Rail on Residential Property Prices in Italy: A Panel-Data Set Analysis</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2407410</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The role played by High-Speed Rail (HSR) systems in terms of encouraging travel, tourism and boosting the labor productivity of the cities and regions served has been widely studied. Since 2008 Italy has experienced the launch of HSR in the country. Despite the great innovation in Italy, impacts of HSR on property prices remain unexplored. The added value of this contribution is to analyse the link between HSR and residential property prices for the case study of Italy. The research aims at analyzing the processes of transformation of the territory and the correlation between HSR and the real estate market, quantifying the impacts that HSR has generated. The methodology is based on the evaluation of impact assessment through a hedonic pricing model, by estimating ex post and ex ante scenarios of residential properties values close to HSR stations with a difference-in-difference approach. To demonstrate the robustness of the method the OLS estimators is applied. This study is based on a dataset of 10 cities served by HSR, considering also dummies variables to simulate the HSR cause-effect. A preliminary analysis shows a link between HSR and residential property prices.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Sat, 08 Mar 2025 18:01:21 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2407410</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>A Study on Land Use—Transportation Integrated Model Based on Stochastic User Equilibrium</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2263921</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The purpose of this study is to develop a household location and transportation behavior integrated model based on stochastic user equilibrium and describe its theoretical framework. The model can estimate commuter's private trip on workday, non-worker's shopping trip, household location demand by house types, and land price endogenously.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 06 Jan 2025 15:55:06 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2263921</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Housing prices, buses and trams in Medellín (Colombia)</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2410794</link>
      <description><![CDATA[This paper aims to establish the impact of two medium-capacity transportation systems (MCTS) on housing prices in Medellín (Colombia): Metroplús, a bus rapid transit (BRT) system, and Tranvía, a tramway system. Using repeated cross-sectional data from the Medellín Quality of Life Survey from 2008 to 2018 and difference-in-differences estimators, the authors find that Metroplús has a negative impact on the growth of rental prices, whereas Tranvía has a positive impact. The authors do not find any effect on several other outcomes, such as the perception of quality and coverage of the public transportation in the neighborhoods they serve, and the number of private vehicles in the household.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 02 Sep 2024 11:59:04 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2410794</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>An integrated causal framework to evaluate uplift value with an example on change in public transport supply</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2362383</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Many empirical applications aim to isolate the impact of implementing new public transport on real estate uplift value. While their conclusions generally point to positive impact, due to reduction in transportation cost, the methodological framework to investigate uplift value has largely evolved over time. This paper reviews the different methodological challenges in measuring causal uplift value and proposes an adjusted parametric approach inspired from the Alonso-Muth-Mills model, returning a complex 2-D price premium function allowing for spatial heterogeneous patterns of the average treatment effect. The proposed framework also accounts for other methodological challenges underlined by literature such as spatial autocorrelation, selectivity and representativity issues, and possible anticipation effects. To illustrate the importance of methodological choices on estimation results, the framework is applied to the case of the implementation of a bus rapid transit (BRT) system in Québec City, a medium-size Canadian city, as a specific case study.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 30 Apr 2024 15:17:59 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2362383</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>COVID-19 and the demand for transit access: Residential real estate prices in the Tokyo metropolitan area</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2292876</link>
      <description><![CDATA[To better understand the spatial implications of the COVID-19 pandemic on demand for both housing and transportation, this analysis examines sales price data from condominiums in the Tokyo metropolitan area. Demand for high-access condominiums—both those near transit stations and those in close proximity to the city center—was strong throughout the study period (2017–2022), and showed neither a positive nor negative association with the onset of the pandemic. Price growth for lower-access properties—those further from transit stations and those in peripheral suburban locations—was, by contrast, far more robust during the COVID era than in the pre-pandemic period. Results suggest that COVID-related changes in travel behavior—particularly the decreased commute burden associated with remote work—may have made lower-access locations more attractive to home buyers. This has not, however, tempered demand for properties near transit and in the central city, which remained strong throughout the pandemic period.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 28 Nov 2023 10:27:50 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2292876</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Investigating the Impacts of Property Walking Accessibility on Housing Affordability and Equity: Evidence from Shanghai, China</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2225324</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Recent studies have yielded some interesting insights into the impacts of a property’s walking accessibility on housing affordability and equity from the potential property owner’s perspective, and limited attention was paid from the renter’s perspective. This study investigates the impacts of eight types of property walking accessibility and other variables on the second-hand residential property (SHP) price and residential rental property (RRP) rent. It uses a sample of 6,603 SHPs and 3,566 RRPs that were collected in Shanghai, China, in 2021. A modified floating catchment method is used to quantify walking accessibility to eight destinations. Geographically weighted regression models are estimated to study the similarities and dissimilarities of the impacts of a property’s walking accessibilities, inherent attributes, and transit time to major transportation hubs on the SHP price and RRP rent. In addition, it factors the distinctive regional and political characteristics in China, which include massive internal immigration, rapid urbanization, and household registration and housing price control policies. These results provide a more comprehensive understanding of the spatially varying impacts of property walking accessibility on housing affordability and equity. In addition, these results highlight the intensifying jobs–housing imbalance, ever-increasing commuting time and cost, and decreasing overall quality of life in metropolises, particularly among migrants and future property owners. For property developers and investors, these results demonstrate that improving the property walking accessibility might yield spatially varying returns across regions. From the perspective of planners and policymakers, these results and insights could be used to design policies and strategies, such as cooperative governance and low-income rental housing, along with walking accessibility improvement development to address the urgent need for affordable housing and equity in China.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 22 Aug 2023 15:33:42 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2225324</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Nationwide Residential Real Estate Market Data Analysis of Negative Equity</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2108120</link>
      <description><![CDATA[This report is the result of a contracted study and analysis of comparative and determinate sale price data of owner-occupied single-family residential dwelling (SFRD) units to facilitate the Federal Highway Administration’s (FHWA's) consideration of whether there is a need to continue the Temporary Waiver of Methodology for Calculating a Replacement Housing Payment (Waiver). This study consisted of a nationwide examination of residential real estate market sale price data by gathering, documenting, compiling, and comparatively analyzing the data for each State aggregated to the zip code level. Data were gathered from 2006, prior to the historically unique 2008 real estate market crash, through the end of July 2019 (the latest reliable data available). To initiate this analysis, market research and evaluation was undertaken to generate a list of potential real estate market data vendors that met the criteria of providing SFRD unit sale price data for the specific time period. Based on the market research and detailed evaluation of the finalist vendors, a recommendation was made for First American Data Tree (FADT) to be selected as the data vendor. It was further recommended that only one data vendor was necessary and would be required to achieve the objective of the study. Multiple purchases from different vendors would come at substantial cost, and would result in acquisition of duplicate sets of essentially the same data that would not deepen the understanding of the equity trends in the residential real estate market. The data received from the vendor had undergone initial filtering to generate a dataset of owner-occupied residential structures that were sold as arm’s length transactions under market conditions (34,513,676 transaction records). During quality control checks, a small percentage (approximately 3%) of anomalous data were excluded, representing erroneously keyed large transaction amounts (over $40 million) and multiple parcels included in a single sale price. The data were then grouped by State, zip code, and aggregation year, and the analysis was conducted. For the zip code level analysis, summaries of zip codes with fewer than 30 transactions per year were not included; however, these transactions are included in the State and National level analyses. Additional quality assurance and quality control (QA/QC) was undertaken following the analysis. The nationwide results indicate that the residential real estate market in the United States has returned to its pre-crash level. There are eleven states that have not yet regained 100% of their pre-crash median sale prices, with only two States that have regained less than 90% of their pre-crash median sale prices. Examined at the State and zip code level, a variety of trends are apparent in different States and in the various zip codes within each State, depending on specific conditions in each market. Several publicly available large scale or general analyses were reviewed and compared against the results of the intermediate scale analyses carried out in this project, which validated the findings. Based on review of the sales data, a recommendation is made to allow the Waiver to expire. However, it is important to note that there may be a case by case need for the Waiver because a few markets have not yet fully recovered. A further recommendation is for additional spatial and trend analyses of the data, as such analyses would provide valuable insights to FHWA’s Office of Real Estate Services that are beyond the scope of this project.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 08 Feb 2023 18:02:49 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2108120</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Airport real estate values: What drives growth?</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2055948</link>
      <description><![CDATA[This paper offers guidance to airport managers who are evaluating their real estate and land asset management strategies. Through an international benchmark study of airport property values, it identifies the key factors of growth in land prices and rent levels, and quantifies the resulting increase in real estate values at the airport and in the surrounding airport area. The paper has three key findings. First, airport areas experience a long-term increase in property values across all land use categories, with the sharpest price increases taking place in the first ten years of development. Second, direct airport access generates a significant price premium, with commercial and industrial plots located in airport areas achieving higher property values and rent levels compared to competing locations that do not have direct airport access. Finally, eight key factors of growth that lead to long-term increases in airport property values are identified. The paper concludes with four key questions that decision makers should consider when evaluating their future real estate strategy.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 24 Jan 2023 09:29:35 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2055948</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Evaluating the spatial and temporal distribution of beltway effects on housing prices using difference-in-differences methods</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2053698</link>
      <description><![CDATA[This study investigates the temporal and spatial distribution of the causal impacts of major beltway facilities on housing prices using quasi-experimental econometric approaches. Difference-in-differences methods are employed to quantify construction and anticipation effects and explore how impacts evolve and differ over space and time. The study particularly focuses on spatial variations and seeks to identify potentially heterogeneous effects in the inner and outer sides of a beltway. Two methods for control group selection are adopted to test the robustness of the estimated treatment effects. Using data from three major beltway facilities in the US, we find that impacts are nonlinear with distance from an interchange, with the maximum effect found between a 0.75 and 1.5-mile distance. In two of the studied beltway projects, properties outside the beltway experienced significant positive effects, while effects on properties inside the beltway were negative within the first 0.25 miles from an interchange and insignificant thereafter. We also find that effects during construction differ by project, while after the end of construction, prices typically increase and fully materialize after 6–8 years. This research makes a significant contribution to the very limited literature on the causal identification of highway impacts on surrounding properties as well as the small group of studies that have investigated the spatial extent and distribution of transportation-induced effects. The results can be used to inform stakeholders and planning decisions of future highway facilities.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 24 Jan 2023 09:29:29 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2053698</guid>
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