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    <title>Transport Research International Documentation (TRID)</title>
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    <copyright>Copyright © 2026. National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.</copyright>
    <docs>http://blogs.law.harvard.edu/tech/rss</docs>
    <managingEditor>tris-trb@nas.edu (Bill McLeod)</managingEditor>
    <webMaster>tris-trb@nas.edu (Bill McLeod)</webMaster>
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      <title>Transport Research International Documentation (TRID)</title>
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      <link>https://trid.trb.org/</link>
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    <item>
      <title>Measuring Maturity</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1605932</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Determining the technology readiness level (TRL) is a way for everyone involved in a project to use a defined scale to assess a technology's maturity. TRL assessments provide guidance to simplify the process, determine the maturity of technologies, and identify next steps in the research process. This article describes how the Federal Highway Administration has applied TRL assessments to a broad range of research across industries and project types. Using TRLs offers several benefits for transportation researchers and program managers, including improved project communications, project outcomes, and research program management.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 28 May 2019 16:50:50 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1605932</guid>
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      <title>Determining the Readiness of Automated Driving Systems for Public Operation: Development of Behavioral Competency Requirements</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1393688</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Automated driving systems (ADSs) present several challenges to the existing regulatory framework for road vehicles at both the national and the state level. NHTSA has been primarily responsible for automotive safety, and states have been responsible for the regulations that govern vehicle registration and the training, evaluation, and licensing of drivers. Regulatory development has been further complicated by NHTSA’s deciding to proceed cautiously and deliberatively, and several state legislatures have pushed for the rapid adoption of state regulations in advance of federal regulations. One of the key challenges in this process has been balancing the need to protect public safety without federal or industry standards, while still encouraging an innovation in technology that could ultimately lead to large improvements in transportation safety, efficiency, and convenience. This paper provides an update on the progress and ongoing challenges in developing regulations for the deployment of ADSs to the public in the state of California. In prior work, the authors postulated that ADS safety would depend on both behavioral competency and functional safety. The focus of this paper is to expand on the method used and the results of the authors’ earlier work to establish minimum behavioral competency requirements for ADSs to be deployed on public roads. The behavioral competencies described in this paper provide a starting point for specifying the minimum ADS performance requirements and the testing procedures needed to verify that those requirements have been met.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 07 Mar 2016 10:19:10 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1393688</guid>
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      <title>Maximizing Operational Readiness in Military Aviation by Optimizing Flight and Maintenance Planning</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1370569</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The primary objective in military aviation is to optimize operational readiness: the capability to perform assigned flight missions. In terms of a flight planning process, operational readiness has three primary components: availability, serviceability and sustainability. Furthermore, it is influenced by aircraft downtime due to preventive maintenance at prescribed flight time interval. In practice, aircraft flight scheduling (including maintenance constraints) tends to be managed manually and on a day-to-day basis, leading to a reactive approach to aircraft flight hour allocation in which problems with respect to availability, serviceability and sustainability can easily develop. Optimization models have been developed to address this issue, but none of them cover the full scope of operational readiness. This work introduces a flight and maintenance planning optimization model that simultaneously addresses the aspects of availability, serviceability and sustainability, leading to a pro-active, efficient and more robust scheduling effort. The proposed model is tested, verified and validated using Royal Netherlands Air Force data and infrastructure related to the CH47D Chinook helicopter fleet.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 28 Oct 2015 15:11:57 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1370569</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Transportation readiness assessment and valuation for emergency logistics</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1252193</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Unique characteristics exist in transportation networks including open infrastructure, widely dispersed populations, and diverse geographic areas. Exploring transportation emergency preparedness is important because these networks are essential for transporting freight and linking residents with essential services. This research investigates the disaster relief and recovery needs of communities and provides a scorecard for evaluating transportation–related emergency preparedness for these communities. The Federal Emergency Management Agency's Comprehensive Preparedness Guide 101 is a vital source used by state and local officials to develop emergency operations plans. This guide is used as the basis for developing the Transportation Readiness Assessment and Valuation for Emergency Logistics (TRAVEL). TRAVEL is a scorecard based on Value–Focused Thinking principles that evaluates transportation readiness in emergency operations planning. An application of TRAVEL to three county–level emergency operations plans is provided to demonstrate the use of TRAVEL in a real world plan assessment scenario.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 18 Jun 2013 09:13:27 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1252193</guid>
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    <item>
      <title>Exercises</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/913209</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The role of exercises in United States Coast Guard (USCG) emergency preparedness is examined in this article. The goal of an exercise is to attempt to find out how emergency response can be made better and more efficient. If lessons learned and best practices identified during exercises are acted on, preparedness can be improved. Barriers to improvement include planning exercises that may be made too easy in order to avoid failure, or not highlighting a problem because it has been highlighted before. Development and implementation of an effective after action plan is critical. An insert details online databases maintained by organizations such as the USCG, Department of Homeland Security, and Department of Defense.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 23 Feb 2010 07:17:59 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/913209</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>The Mobilization Readiness Tracking Tool</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/913202</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The United States Coast Guard's (USCG's) mobilization readiness tracking tool (MRTT) is a web-based tool adapted from the Navy-Marine Corps mobilization processing system. The MRTT streamlines USCG personnel force (active, reserve, auxiliary, or civilian) mobilization. It is capable of tracking active duty personnel on temporary duty assignments, and has the capability of advertising short-term assignments for both active and reserve personnel through a "request for forces" volunteer bulletin board. The MRTT is also capable of providing all stakeholders with end-to-end visibility of the mobilization process and capturing mobilization-related data in a single system. Inserts provide additional detail on the MRTT and its use during the response to Hurricane Ike.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 23 Feb 2010 07:17:57 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/913202</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Plug-In Hybrid Electric Vehicles: Assessing Readiness for the Electrification of Personal Vehicle Transportation</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/900002</link>
      <description><![CDATA[This paper presents an analysis of plug-in hybrid electric vehicle (PHEV) readiness at the community level using parcel level, Tax Assessment data for the City of Madison, WI. Based on results of the readiness analysis, a scenario analysis of electrical grid impact due to varying levels of PHEV adoption is also described.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Fri, 18 Sep 2009 07:07:58 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/900002</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Rural Transportation Emergency Preparedness Plans</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/896200</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Improving the emergency preparedness of rural transportation systems is the overall goal of this research. Unique characteristics exist in rural transportation systems including widely dispersed and diverse populations and geographic areas. Exploring rural transportation emergency preparedness is important because these networks are essential for transporting freight and linking rural residents with distant services. This research investigates the disaster relief and recovery needs of rural communities and provides an assessment tool for evaluating transportation‐related emergency preparedness for these communities. The Federal Emergency Management Agency’s "Guide for All Hazard Emergency Operation Planning" is a vital source used by state and local officials to develop emergency operations plans. This guide is used as the basis for developing the Transportation Readiness Assessment and Valuation for Emergency Logistics (TRAVEL) tool. TRAVEL is a value‐based assessment tool for evaluating transportation readiness in emergency operations planning. A demonstration of TRAVEL based on three rural county‐level emergency operations plans is provided to demonstrate the use of TRAVEL in a real world scenario.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Fri, 24 Jul 2009 16:03:31 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/896200</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Readiness for Community-Based Bicycle Helmet Use Programs: A Study Using Community- and Individual-Level Readiness Models</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/865045</link>
      <description><![CDATA[This article reports on a study that used community-level and individual-level readiness to measure support for community-based bicycle helmet use programs.  The authors stress that understanding community context is as important to develop effective community-based injury prevention programs as assessing attitudes and behaviors among individuals. The authors studied readiness of a northern Colorado community toward efforts to promote bicycle  helmet use and of individuals (n = 85) in that community to use bicycle helmets. They found that community readiness and individual readiness to prevent injuries through use of bicycle helmets differed across groups.  Individuals who worked in safety and health and with children showed congruity between the two levels of readiness; higher knowledge and positive perceptions toward community efforts were related with more consistent bicycle helmet use.  At least half of the college students had no intention to wear a bicycle helmet consistently; approximately 20 percent of the city population is college students and they tend to use bicycles frequently.  The authors call for additional study on this group in order to develop appropriate safety interventions.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 30 Jul 2008 08:10:36 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/865045</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Station Duty Standing: New Missions Necessitate a New Approach</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/838700</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Over the past two centuries, Coast Guard watch rotations and schedules have been developed to ensure the best readiness possible for all duties, including search and rescue (SAR) and ports, waterways, and coastal security (PWCS) at the given unit. A new approach to Coast Guard station duty readiness has been necessitated by new missions. Balanced staffing and both traditional and modified watchstanding (port/starboard) duty rotations are discussed in the article. A box highlights Coast Guard Station Seattle's staffing and rotation structure.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Thu, 25 Oct 2007 10:26:37 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/838700</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Reinforcing Security Together: First Security Conference on Anti-Terrorism Strategies in Public Transport</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/782685</link>
      <description><![CDATA[This article provides highlights from an anti-terrorism security conference organized by the International Union of Public Transport and supported by Transport for London.  Discussions were primarily based around the three pillars of a security strategy: incident prevention, preparedness and response, and service recovery. The article also provides descriptions of: security in the Metro de Madrid baggage check-in service, the cooperation on anti-terrorism measures between Dutch public transport companies and local authorities, an emergency preparedness exercise in Milan, first impressions of an emergency exercise in Rotterdam and staff security training at the Lisbon Metro.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 03 Jul 2006 08:11:43 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/782685</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Transportation Security, Volume 9: Guidelines for Transportation Emergency Training Exercises</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/781125</link>
      <description><![CDATA[This ninth volume of both NCHRP Report 525:  "Surface Transportation Security" and TCRP Report 86:  "Public Transportation Security" is designed to assist transportation agencies in developing drills and exercises in alignment with the National Incident Management System (NIMS).  In his September 8, 2004, letter to state governors, Department of Homeland Security Tom Ridge wrote that "NIMS provides a consistent nationwide approach for Federal, State, territorial, tribal, and local governments to work effectively and efficiently together to prepare for, prevent, respond to, and recover from domestic incidents, regardless of cause, size or complexity."  The objective of this volume is to provide guidelines for use by transportation exercise coordinators.  Steps are described in the process of emergency exercise development, implementation, and evaluation.  In addition, the available literature and materials to support transportation agencies--including state departments of transportation (DOTs), traffic management centers (TMCs), and public transportation systems--are described.  Useful materials are presented as references, with Internet addresses, where applicable.  The guidelines in this report are supplemented online at www.TRB.org/SecurityPubs and http://trb.org/news/blurb_detail.asp?id=6007 with more than 80 resource files.  These guidelines comprise the required elements of a successful transportation emergency exercise program.  However, transportation professionals seeking greater levels of preparedness must recognize the critical part that public safety organizations will play in any community emergency and must closely coordinate with these organizations.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Fri, 28 Apr 2006 14:59:27 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/781125</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>A Review of the Top Officials 3 Exercise</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/772708</link>
      <description><![CDATA[This report assesses efforts undertaken by the Office of State and Local Government Coordination and Preparedness to develop, plan, coordinate, and conduct the Top Officials 3 (TOPOFF 3) homeland security readiness and response exercise and highlights potential areas that may affect the program’s overall effectiveness. It is based on interviews with employees and officials of relevant agencies and institutions, direct observations of the TOPOFF 3 Full Scale Exercise and Large Scale Game, and a review of applicable documents. The Top Officials Exercise (TOPOFF) is a congressionally mandated biennial cycle of seminars, planning events, and national exercises designed to strengthen the Unites States’ capacity to prevent, prepare for, respond to, and recover from large scale terrorist attacks. Every two years, the cycle culminates in an exercise that simulates a coordinated terrorist attack involving biological, chemical, radiological, or weapons of mass destruction (WMD). The exercises seek to draw the participation of top officials and key personnel from all levels of government who have domestic response and consequence management roles and responsibilities in actual terrorist events. Twenty-seven federal departments and agencies were represented in the exercise and 30 state, 44 local, and 156 private sector organizations participated. TOPOFF 3 provided Department of Homeland Security (DHS) and other federal participants with an opportunity to exercise decision making within the framework of the newly implemented National Response Plan (NRP), National Incident Management System (NIMS), and the operating procedures of the Interagency Incident Management Group (IIMG) and the Homeland Security Operations Center (HSOC). The scope of play involved establishing incident scenes and required first responders to perform actions usually associated with an initial response to a terrorist incident. Those actions included victim rescue, triage, treatment, decontamination, hazard identification, site security, crowd control, render-safe procedures on devices or weapons, monitoring for contamination, contamination control, and device recovery and packaging.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Fri, 20 Jan 2006 14:43:09 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/772708</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>COAST GUARD: STATION READINESS IMPROVING, BUT RESOURCE CHALLENGES AND MANAGEMENT CONCERNS REMAIN</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/748083</link>
      <description><![CDATA[For years, the Coast Guard has conducted search and rescue operations from its network of stations along the nation's coasts and waterways. In 2001, reviews of station operations found that station readiness-the ability to execute mission requirements in keeping with standards-was in decline. The Coast Guard began addressing these issues, only to see its efforts complicated by expanded post-September 11, 2001, homeland security responsibilities at many stations. The Government Accountability Office (GAO) reviewed the impact of changing missions on station needs, the progress made in addressing station readiness needs, and the extent to which plans are in place for addressing any remaining needs. The Coast Guard does not yet know the extent to which station readiness needs have been affected by post-September 11 changes in mission priorities, although increases in homeland security operations have clearly affected activities and presumably affected readiness needs as well. Following the attacks, stations in and near ports received the bulk of port security duties, creating substantial increases in workloads. The Coast Guard is still in the process of defining long-term activity levels for homeland security and has yet to convert the homeland security mission into specific station readiness requirements. Until it does so, the impact of these new duties on readiness needs cannot be determined. The Coast Guard says it will revise readiness requirements after security activity levels have been finalized. Increased staffing, more training, new boats, more personal protection equipment (such as life vests), and other changes have helped mitigate many long-standing station readiness concerns. However, stations have been unable to meet current Coast Guard standards and goals in the areas of staffing and boats, an indication that stations are still significantly short of desired readiness levels in these areas. Also, because Coast Guard funding practices for personal protection equipment have not changed, stations may have insufficient funding for such equipment in the future. The Coast Guard does not have an adequate plan in place for addressing remaining readiness needs. The Coast Guard's strategic plan for these stations has not been updated to reflect increased security responsibilities, and the agency lacks specific planned actions and milestones. Moreover, the Coast Guard has yet to develop measurable annual goals that would allow the agency and others to track stations' progress.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 15 Feb 2005 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/748083</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>COMPREHENSIVE REPORT. WALNUT RIDGE AIRPORT INDUSTRIAL PARK FEASIBILITY STUDY</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/62420</link>
      <description><![CDATA[This report is based on findings that the city of Walnut Ridge would like to attract more industry. In order to decrease the high rate of unemployment and increase job opportunities, an inventory of the social, economic, and physical resources of the area was undertaken. Objectives for expanding industrial development are to be established.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 17 Nov 2003 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/62420</guid>
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