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    <copyright>Copyright © 2026. National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.</copyright>
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    <managingEditor>tris-trb@nas.edu (Bill McLeod)</managingEditor>
    <webMaster>tris-trb@nas.edu (Bill McLeod)</webMaster>
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      <title>Modeling the Impact of Design Rework on Transportation Infrastructure Construction Project Performance</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1322220</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Rework in construction development projects can significantly degrade project cost and schedule performance. Previous research has shown that in a typical construction development project, rework in the construction phase could increase construction cost by up to 12.4% of the contract price. In large, complex projects, undiscovered rework in the design phase can induce rework in the construction phase, thus increasing project cost. The time when rework is discovered during the project development process affects the magnitude of the impact of rework on overall project performance. However, available knowledge is not always successful in improving project managers’ understanding of the feedback mechanisms that drive undiscovered rework impacts on project performance, specifically the interaction between different phases during the developing process. The current work uses a system dynamics model of a two-phase project development cycle to identify high leverage points for minimizing the impacts of rework and ripple effects on project development performance. The work contributes to the existing body of knowledge by providing a structured feedback description of how design undiscovered rework combines with ripple effects to impact project performance in both the design and construction phases, as well as evaluating possible solutions to the problem. Model analysis suggests that failing to discover rework near its creation in the project development process can magnify the impact of rework on project performance.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Thu, 25 Sep 2014 09:02:59 GMT</pubDate>
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      <title>Improving Die Rework Capability: Opportunities for Using 3D Non-Contact Measurement Technology to Reduce Die Tryout Iterations to Resolve Dimensional Issues</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/885829</link>
      <description><![CDATA[This report summarizes automotive body die tryout performance, based on a survey of and interviews with die manufacturing experts from automotive body manufacturers and die suppliers. The report explores opportunities for more effectively integrating new 3D noncontact optical measurement technologies during the die tryout process to improve performance. It provides basic guidelines for optical measurement data collection for stamping dies and resultant parts as well as analysis methods. For medium-complexity parts, the study participants estimate that a typical number of die tryout iterations is five to nine over a nine to 14 week period using typical North American tolerances and part acceptance criteria. The key enablers to reduce die tryout time were advancements in die forming and simulation software, particularly for complex materials, as well as advancements in virtual assembly tools.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 30 Mar 2009 13:35:03 GMT</pubDate>
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      <title>Integrating 3D Non-Contact Measurement in the Die Tryout Business Process</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/885831</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Based on two surveys of manufacturers, this report summarizes several automotive body die tryout buyoff criteria, rework processes, and 3D non-contact measurement strategies. Relative to historical die tryout performance levels, a significant reduction in the number of iterations is clearly achievable through the following: (1) Improved ability to create die compensation models to create new machine files to rework parts closer to nominal without significant unintended consequences. (2) Changes to existing die and production source part approval processes to make better decisions about when rework is needed to produce a dimensionally acceptable body. Related to these improvements is the need for an effective business process integrating 3DNC measurement with new part approval processes to help manufacturers reduce the number of die rework iterations. A cowl top case study demonstrates the application of this process in effective use of 3DNC measurement to reduce the number of tryout iterations to only one rework loop.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 30 Mar 2009 13:35:02 GMT</pubDate>
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      <title>Measuring the Impact of Rework on Construction Cost Performance</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/884832</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Rework continues to affect both cost and schedule performance throughout the construction industry. The direct costs of rework alone often tally to 5% of the total construction costs. Using data obtained from 359 construction projects in the Construction Industry Institute database, this paper assesses the impacts of rework on construction cost performance for projects in various categories. In addition, it identifies the sources of this rework, permitting further analyses and the development of rework reduction initiatives. The results of this study establish that the impacts of rework differ according to project characteristics and that the sources of rework having the greatest impact are not significantly different among project categories. By recognizing the impacts of rework and its sources, the construction industry can reduce rework and ultimately improve project cost performance.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 16 Mar 2009 07:22:22 GMT</pubDate>
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      <title>REWORK MANAGEMENT: A CURRENT PERSPECTIVE</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/397775</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Rework is defined as work that must be performed again to fix a condition that was caused during the conduct of work. It occurs in all management and industrial environments. This has always been acknowledged, but quantifying the amount and identifying the underlying problems are recent efforts that are beginning to pay dividends. This paper discusses the efforts of the Norfolk Naval Shipyard Production Department to identify, quantify, analyze, and solve basic rework problems. Key to the effectiveness of the program is the organization developed to manage this process. A discussion of significant successes is included.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Thu, 21 Jul 1994 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/397775</guid>
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      <title>THE USE OF COMPUTER SIMULATION OF MERGED VARIATION TO PREDICT REWORK LEVELS ON SHIP'S HULL BLOCKS</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/403709</link>
      <description><![CDATA[In the modular construction of ships, significant productivity losses can occur during the erection stage, when the modules, or hull blocks, are joined together. Frequently, adjacent blocks do not fit together properly, and rework of one or both of the mating block interfaces is necessary to correct the problem. The specific cause of rework is the variation of plate edges at the block interface, which is itself a cumulative product of numerous manufacturing variations inherent in hull block construction. Variation in manufacturing is unavoidable, but not uncontrollable. The application of accuracy control techniques in shipbuilding has proven that a statistical analysis of variation makes possible an accurate prediction of its effects. This paper presents an examination of block interface variation, and the subsequent development of a computer simulation method of predicting rework levels on those blocks. The complex interaction of all the edges' random variations at the block interface gives rise to a unique rework probability distribution. This probability distribution is evaluated by means of the computer simulation program that provides estimates of the average rework anticipated, the shape of the probability curve, and other parameters.  Similar predictions are also available for cost and labor of required rework. In addition to predicting rework levels, the simulation program can be a useful tool for reducing those levels.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Thu, 21 Jul 1994 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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