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    <copyright>Copyright © 2026. National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.</copyright>
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    <managingEditor>tris-trb@nas.edu (Bill McLeod)</managingEditor>
    <webMaster>tris-trb@nas.edu (Bill McLeod)</webMaster>
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      <title>Road condition elements influencing road crashes in Kuching, Malaysia</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2509149</link>
      <description><![CDATA[This paper investigates the relationship between pavement surface, geometry, and road environment factors contributing to road crashes in Kuching, Malaysia. Field inspections were conducted on 15 crash-prone roads to assess pavement and road conditions. Four pavement condition indices (PCI) were established for surface distress, roughness, skid, and pavement structure, culminating in the development of the overall pavement condition index (OPCI). An overall road condition index (ORCI) was derived from Star Rating Scores (SRS). Findings indicate that roads with poor conditions experience a higher proportion of crashes, emphasizing the need for prioritized efforts in improving road infrastructure. Bivariate analysis suggests complex dynamics between surface distress, pavement structural condition, and skid resistance, underscoring the multifactorial nature of RTCs. The outcomes advocate for comprehensive approaches that integrate various road condition factors into road safety measures. By prioritizing maintenance based on influential factors identified, stakeholders can reduce crash occurrences and enhance overall road safety.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Thu, 13 Feb 2025 09:05:27 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2509149</guid>
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      <title>Temporary roundabouts: Safe System solution?</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2441561</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Temporary roundabouts are increasingly being used on the highway network and offer a low-cost traffic management solution to reduce the crash risk, reduce conflict points, lower intersection speeds, and improve the flow of turning traffic. This paper focusses on a temporary roundabout that was installed for a few months to facilitate the construction of a new bridge. The purpose of this project was to better understand the level of safety provided by a temporary roundabout through its operation, speed and geometry and refinements for potential application elsewhere.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 15 Oct 2024 13:33:03 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2441561</guid>
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      <title>Potential applications of SafeView: a forward visibility model</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2441502</link>
      <description><![CDATA[A safe road system is one that allows users to clearly see and be seen by others. Unfortunately, some drivers may attempt to overtake other vehicles without a safe view ahead. This can result in high-speed crashes with a chance of serious injury and death. Intermediate Sight Distance (ISD) is the minimum sight distance required for an overtaking manoeuvre to be performed safely. The availability of ISD can be limited due to road curvature. Higher traffic volumes, especially heavy vehicles, increase the demand for overtaking and reduce the ability to do so. SafeView is a forward visibility model developed by Abley that uses geospatially-referenced data to classify where ISD is available along a road section. It could help to assess whether adequate overtaking opportunities are provided and to prioritise high-risk areas for treatment. This could reduce crash occurrence and severity, aligning with the Safe Systems approach and decreasing travel times.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 15 Oct 2024 13:32:18 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2441502</guid>
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      <title>Impact of roadway geometrics on fatal crashes: a retrospective study</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2431379</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Effectiveness of roadway geometric changes in reducing crashes has been fervently debatable. Thus, this study aims to explore the efficacy of geometric design inconsistency on the safety of two-lane road users using a case-control approach. For investigation, 594 km of rural road network was identified and required accident, geometric, pavement and traffic data were collected for five years (2016-2020). For investigation, five different models were developed total fatal, rear-end fatal, head-on fatal, daytime, and night-time fatal crashes and results were discussed based on odds ratio. Comparing with base category, the results indicated that lower curve radius (<200m) increased the odds of total, head-on, and temporal fatal crashes. Similarly, lane width (2.75m-3.00m) proved to be safer than other lane width categories all types of fatal crashes. Considering the impact of shoulder width, the odds of fatal crashes increased with increase in unpaved shoulder width and decrease with paved shoulder width]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 17 Sep 2024 14:46:48 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2431379</guid>
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      <title>What causes slow-down on two-way two-lane expressways?</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2259795</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Two-way two-lane (TWTL) expressways account for approximately 30% of entire expressway network in Japan. Due to financial constraints, TWTL expressways cannot be timely widened and, therefore, heavy traffic congestion is usually seen in TWTL sections with high traffic demand. Lack of traffic detectors makes it difficult to analyse traffic flow characteristics and evaluate the operational performance on TWTL expressways. Recently ETC 2.0 probe data can be used to do the analysis and evaluation. This paper aims to analyse the factors causing slow-down from various angles by using ETC 2.0 probe data from all the 78 TWTL expressways in Japan. The study found that slow-down tends to occur immediately downstream of the end of passing lane, and in confined spots due to sag and some uphill slope, as well as tunnels and other road structures. The factors causing local slow-down in sections of downstream passing lane, sag and uphill slope, and tunnel are analysed in detail from different points of view in this study. The results can be used to identify the location of decline in and help improve operational performance and to review installation guidelines of passing lanes on TWTL expressways.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 02 Oct 2023 11:29:57 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2259795</guid>
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    <item>
      <title>Impacts of autonomous vehicles on road and pavement design</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2239964</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Road networks have been increasingly opened to autonomous vehicles (AVs) as AV trials are being conducted worldwide. On-road trials of AVs were legalized in South Australia in 2016, and Australia now has AV trials in almost all jurisdictions. Road networks have traditionally been developed with human drivers in mind, and thus they may not be optimal for AVs. The shift from human-driven vehicles (HVs) to AVs can lead to changes in road geometric design parameters, such as sight distance and lane width. Overall, little research has been conducted with respect to the impacts of AVs on road geometric and pavement design. Particularly, the possibility of AVs affecting Australian road networks is one part of the AV debate that has gained little recognition in the literature. This paper therefore aims to investigate the potential impacts of AVs on road geometric and pavement design, using Austroads’ design guides.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 06 Sep 2023 14:05:32 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2239964</guid>
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      <title>A data-driven intersection geometry mapping technique to enhance the scalability of trajectory-based traffic signal performance measures</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2239770</link>
      <description><![CDATA[]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 05 Sep 2023 13:35:54 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2239770</guid>
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      <title>Blaming the driver is still a favourite</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1970152</link>
      <description><![CDATA[]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 01 Jun 2022 14:36:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1970152</guid>
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    <item>
      <title>Identifying higher risk State-controlled roads for speed-related crashes: 2016/17</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1909640</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Speeding is a significant contributing factor in fatal and serious injury crashes. A recent Queensland Department of Transport and Main Roads (TMR 2016) review found that fatalities attributed to speed represented 26% of the road toll in Queensland in 2014/15 and trending upwards. The social cost of speed-related fatal and serious injury (FSI) crashes in Queensland is estimated at $283 million per year. This project aims to obtain a better understanding of speed-related crashes and to identify ways to reduce their occurrence and severity. Specific objectives included: identify those locations which had the highest risk of speed-related crashes; identify possible treatments that could be applied at these locations; provide recommendations to improve management practice and mitigate the risk of speed as an important contributing factor to road crashes.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 07 Feb 2022 14:18:35 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1909640</guid>
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      <title>Review and analysis of head-on, run-off-road and out-of-control crashes on Queensland roads: Year 1 – 2014/15</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1909617</link>
      <description><![CDATA[A review of existing historical crash data has identified three key crash types to occur on Queensland roads, namely intersection crashes, run-off-road crashes and head-on crashes. These crash types account for about 74% of serious injury crashes (fatal and hospitalised). To reduce the number and severity of crashes a focus on these crash types would provide the maximum benefits. To enable Queensland Transport and Main Roads (TMR) to focus its activities in the right areas, the key drivers behind these crash types need to be understood, and the numerous variables attribute to these crashes identified. This understanding will enable more specific and focused strategies to be adapted for improved safety outcomes. This project is being conducted over a two year period. The first year tasks involved a literature review and analysis of run-off-road, head-on injury crashes and out-of-control crashes on Queensland roads. The second year consists of a review of intersection crashes. The objectives of the study are to: gain a greater understanding of road safety engineering based measures used to address serious injury crashes so that the most effective treatments can be used in future projects; save life and prevent serious injuries; improve effectiveness of road safety engineering countermeasures; improve economic returns on investments from existing programs such as Safer Roads Sooner. This report presents the findings of year 1 activities – review and analysis of head-on, run-off-road and out-of-control injury crashes.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 07 Feb 2022 14:18:16 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1909617</guid>
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    <item>
      <title>Intelligent vehicle control strategies for cooperative eco-driving on road networks</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1850922</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Human driving behavior and road conditions significantly affect fuel consumption and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions of a vehicle. In particular, signalized intersections, roundabouts, and road-geometry characteristics, such as, hilly roads and horizontal curves are the major sources of bottlenecks. This thesis develops intelligent and advanced vehicle control systems for cooperative ecological (eco) driving in these road scenarios. The proposed vehicle control systems generate optimal speed profiles for fuel-efficient driving. The results show significant performance improvement in fuel economy, GHG emissions, and travel time compared to the traditional driving system, while ensuring driving safety.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Fri, 07 May 2021 10:08:16 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1850922</guid>
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    <item>
      <title>Traffic channelisation and pavement deterioration: an investigation of the lateral wander on asphalt pavement rutting</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1749285</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Traffic loading is the primary factor considered when designing a pavement. Accurate estimation of traffic load plays a crucial role in the economical design of pavements. The cross-sectional distribution of the vehicle positions means that the traffic load is spread across the surface of the pavement. There is little guidance on how to predict the spread of traffic loads when designing a new pavement, and empirical studies supporting any such guidance is also limited. When wheel paths are perfectly aligned with each other, this is termed channelised traffic (or channelisation). The first part of this research addressed this gap through analyses of data collected on the vehicle positions at 100 sections of pavement in Portsmouth, United Kingdom. The analyses, found a positive linear association between the degree of lateral wander and both the lane width and road width. These results suggest that the use of a binary measure of vehicle position used in the UK design guidance may not be suitable. The results also highlight the importance of both lane and road width, contrary to the existing body of research that indicates only one or the other to be a determinant of vehicle position. The second part of this research focused on investigating the impact of channelisation on asphalt pavement rutting. Regression analysis was conducted to understand how the degree of channelisation influenced the rut depths that the traffic loading had created. The analyses revealed that the degree of channelisation of traffic has a statistically significant contribution to the progress of rutting. In this study, the difference between the maximum and minimum degrees of channelisation observed, related to a seven-fold difference in the rut depth. The last part of this research aimed to combine these findings to suggest ways of considering road geometry to produce a channelisation factor to be incorporated into the calculation of the traffic load for pavement design. This was achieved by combining the two predictive equations developed from regression analyses.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Thu, 05 Nov 2020 09:47:20 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1749285</guid>
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      <title>The Influence of Road Geometry on Vehicle Rollover and Skidding</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1703263</link>
      <description><![CDATA[]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 28 Apr 2020 11:55:07 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1703263</guid>
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      <title>Rollover crashes: road design risk factors and infrastructure solutions</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1662853</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Rollover crashes are an undesirable outcome in a substantial proportion of casualty crashes on high-speed roads. Rollovers are especially over-represented in run-off-road crashes due to their direct interaction with the roadside geometry. This project sought to identify and quantify road and roadside design factors associated with rollover events in run-off-road crashes on high-speed rural roads and with high-severity outcomes. However, the data analysis provided largely non-statistically significant results, and few conclusive factors can be drawn from this work due to data limitations. Therefore, expected inputs to the update of the Guide to Road Design Part 6 are not available from this work. The update to the Guide to Road Design Part 6 will therefore use an alternative or theoretical method for estimating rollover crash risk as input to run-off-road crash mitigation. The literature review did reconfirm known contributing factors including sharp curvature, lack of sealed shoulders, roadside slopes and ditches, hitting unforgiving roadside objects (high-severity risk) and vehicle factors.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Thu, 31 Oct 2019 11:34:23 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1662853</guid>
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    <item>
      <title>Modeling impacts of highway circular curve elements on heavy-duty diesel trucks’ CO2 emissions</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1647476</link>
      <description><![CDATA[]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 26 Aug 2019 11:21:58 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1647476</guid>
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