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    <title>Transport Research International Documentation (TRID)</title>
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    <copyright>Copyright © 2026. National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.</copyright>
    <docs>http://blogs.law.harvard.edu/tech/rss</docs>
    <managingEditor>tris-trb@nas.edu (Bill McLeod)</managingEditor>
    <webMaster>tris-trb@nas.edu (Bill McLeod)</webMaster>
    <image>
      <title>Transport Research International Documentation (TRID)</title>
      <url>https://trid.trb.org/Images/PageHeader-wTitle.jpg</url>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/</link>
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    <item>
      <title>GENERATING A BUS ROUTE O-D MATRIX FROM ON-OFF DATA</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/271052</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The accuracy of route origin-destination estimates generated from boarding-alighting data was tested against actual origin-destination data.  The estimates of trip length distributions and origin-destination matrices did not statistically differ from the actual data in tests of both simple and complex (branching) bus lines.  While a note of caution was offered about applicability to extremely complex lines, the procedure is to be recommended as both an inexpensive and accurate method of estimating route O-D matrices for existing lines.  Limitations and applications of the method are examined.  (Author abstract)]]></description>
      <pubDate>Fri, 27 Aug 2004 22:00:17 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/271052</guid>
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      <title>ROUND-TRIP P-CENTER AND COVERING PROBLEM ON A TREE</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/271049</link>
      <description><![CDATA[A task performed by a vehicle consists of picking up goods at a given client and delivering it to another client.  The round-trip distance is the distance traveled by the vehicle between the departure from and the return to its depot.  The round-trip p-center problem is to locate p depots with respect to a finite number of pairs of clients so as to minimize the maximum round-trip cost, which is defined as a nonlinear increasing function of the round-trip distance from the nearest depot.  The round-trip covering problem is to find the minimum number of depots such that each round-trip cost is no more than a given constant.  For both problems a dual problem is defined and in case the underlying network is a tree a strong duality result is proved.  (Edited author abstract)]]></description>
      <pubDate>Fri, 27 Aug 2004 22:00:17 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/271049</guid>
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      <title>VEHICLE SCHEDULING AT A TRANSPORTATION TERMINAL WITH RANDOM DELAY EN ROUTE</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/271048</link>
      <description><![CDATA[This paper develops and evaluates a simple model for scheduling vehicle arrivals at transportation terminals where vehicles are randomly delayed en route.  Equations are developed for the optimal "slack" time (the time between the scheduled arrival for a feeder line and the scheduled departure for a transfer line) when vehicles are delayed according to an exponential probability distribution.  These equations only depend on the average vehicle delay and the line headway on the transfer line.  The paper shows that coordinating arrivals with departures is most important when the headway is large relative to average vehicle delay. (Author abstract)]]></description>
      <pubDate>Fri, 27 Aug 2004 22:00:17 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/271048</guid>
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    <item>
      <title>ESTIMATION OF STATION CATCHMENT AREA FOR COMMUTERS BY USE OF VIRTUAL TIME-CONSUMPTION</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/271040</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Generalized Departure Time is a response function of travellers who are appointed the place and time for arrival, and GDT gives their departure time as a function of the operational properties of transit systems.  Virtual Time Consumption, the time interval from departure time to appointed arrival time, is obtained as a probabilistic quantity by the application of this concept to commuters behavior.  This paper describes that station catchment area, i.e. distribution of commuters who use the station, is obtained by the probabilistic comparison of VTCs calculated for respective routes via available stations.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Fri, 27 Aug 2004 22:00:15 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/271040</guid>
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    <item>
      <title>GENERALIZED DEPARTURE TIME OF USERS OF MASS TRANSIT SYSTEMS HAVING ARBITRARY OPERATIONAL CHARACTERISTICS</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/271039</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Generalized Departure Time is a response function of travellers who are appointed the place and time for arrival, and GDT gives their departure time as a function of the operational properties of transit system.  The validity of such a concept is to be verified by the actual application in various cases because GDT is a "constructive concept" to be conjectured and the way of conjecture is not forgiven. This paper describes the method to estimate GDT of mass transit passengers in order to serve such verification.  It also reports that commuters' GDTs estimated in Hiroshima and Tokyo are quite alike.  (Author abstract)]]></description>
      <pubDate>Fri, 27 Aug 2004 22:00:15 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/271039</guid>
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      <title>TRANSIT, COMMUTER, AND FREIGHT USAGE OF RAIL RIGHTS OF WAY</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/271034</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Since the 1960s, there has been increasing interest in rail transit as a way to help solve metropolitan transportation problems in the United States.  With this increased interest have come the practical problems of how to weave new routes into the urban fabric in a manner that minimizes adverse impacts and yet, at the same time, provides effective transportation service.  One technique for effectively locating rail transit in urban areas has been to share track and/or right-of-way with railroad lines.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Fri, 27 Aug 2004 22:00:14 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/271034</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>COMPREHENSIVE OPERATIONAL ANALYSIS OF THE BEE-LINE SYSTEM, WESTCHESTER COUNTY, NEW YORK, FINAL REPORT</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/368998</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The purpose of this study was to analyze the Bee-Line service as a system and a fundamental part of the Westchester County infrastructure, to recommend improvements to the Bee-Line service on a systemwide and route-by-route basis, and to provide the Westchester County Department of Transportation with the data and procedures to continually adapt service to meet the changing local environment and transit market.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Sat, 08 Feb 2003 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/368998</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>MSBA SYSTEMS ANALYSIS STUDY. FINAL REPORT</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/453934</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The purpose of the study was to perform a comprehensive assessment of the responsiveness of the Metropolitan Suburban Bus Authority's route and service configuration to the travel needs of the Long Island region.  A compilation of existing operating and service characteristics of the bus system was conducted.  Current services were evaluated with respect to Nassau County's changing demographic and travel-to-work trends. Service alternatives were proposed along with a funding plan for operating and capital requirements.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 26 Mar 2002 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/453934</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>NASA REMOTE SENSING AIDS IN STATE HIGHWAY PLANNING</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/539946</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The Commercial Remote Sensing Program at NASA's Stennis Space Center, Mississippi, is applying its remote sensing capabilities to highway routing plans for the Mississippi Department of Transportation (MDOT).  Those involved in the project hope that by using remote sensing, the time needed for planning is significantly reduced while the quality of the route is enhanced. The remotely sensed images gathered for the MDOT project were used to form a highly accurate digital map database to determine the best route for a highway.  The view of the proposed route allows planners to determine what transportation infrastructure, buildings, industrial facilities, water bodies, farmlands, forests, wetlands, and geological features are present.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Thu, 29 Oct 1998 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/539946</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>MARTA UPDATE: THE OLYMPIC CHALLENGE - MARTA'S 1996 OLYMPIC SCHEDULING CHALLENGES</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/485873</link>
      <description><![CDATA[In mid 1994, the decision was made for the Metropolitan Atlanta Rapid Transit Authority (MARTA) to provide scheduling support for the Olympic Games Spectator Transportation System (OGSTS) in addition to other required Olympic related bus and rail fixed route service adjustments.  This decision was based on a goal to ensure that visitors utilizing any of the transit modes would travel within a seamless system.The scheduling process was closely focused on achieving this goal; however, the 1996 scheduling tasks have presented a dynamic challenge to MARTA. Three major transit services have required new schedule development and implementation including:  The MARTA 46 mile rail system, the revised regular MARTA bus system, and the Olympic Games Spectator or "add on" bus system.  Scheduling and operations support will continue throughout the Olympic period to ensure that contingency plans and adjustments are available as required until the Games are over.  The preparation tasks are now being finalized and implementation of the special Olympic period service plan is rapidly approaching.  The MARTA service revisions will be in effect for 21 days (July 15 - August 4) and the OGSTS for the 17 events days.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 11 May 1998 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/485873</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>JANE'S WORLD AIRLINES. FIRST YEAR: BINDER PLUS DATABASES</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/474109</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Jane's World Airlines provides  a systematic method for monitoring the performance of more than 500 airlines throughout the world.  It provides the latest data on each airline including their structure, operations, fleet and financial performance - who succeeded and who failed. Everything needed to know about a specific carrier is found in this unique binder or electronic service, including fleet structure, corporate structure, financial data, routes operated, traffic statistics, cargo capacity and more.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 21 Apr 1998 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/474109</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>ADVANCES IN NAVIGATION LEAD TO MORE DIRECT ROUTES</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/475106</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Europe is about to reap the benefits of advanced navigation techniques, where pilots previously had to rely entirely upon ground-based infrastructure.  From January 1998, Basic Area Navigation (BANAV) routes will be available within Europe, opening up a host of direct routes where capacity was previously limited to existing airways.  The net benefit to the users of controlled airspace will be a reduction in ATC-related en-route delays.  The strategy also promises higher system capacity to meet future demand.  The article discusses the ways this potential 'revolution' has been achieved, and enumerates additional benefits to both the users and providers of air traffic.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Fri, 23 Jan 1998 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/475106</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>EFFICIENT ROUTING OF SERVICE VEHICLES</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/465881</link>
      <description><![CDATA[GeoRoute is an arc routing software package that includes a route optimization module based on the GENIUS traveling salesman problem heuristic.  The territory under study is represented by a directed graph in which arcs correspond to streets.  The system also introduces artificial arcs to account for street crossings, street changes, and turns.  This report describes experiments performed using GeoRoute to determine optimal routes for garbage collection and for snow plowing operations on 30 street networks.  The experiments tested various values of penalties in order to arrive at conventional packages of penalties for use in various situations.  The results help GeoRoute users select sets of penalties without having to ponder a large set of possible parameters.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 10 Dec 1997 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/465881</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>A SIMULTANEOUS ROUTE-LEVEL TRANSIT PATRONAGE MODEL: DEMAND, SUPPLY, AND INTER-ROUTE RELATIONSHIP</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/576220</link>
      <description><![CDATA[In this paper the authors present a route-level patronage model that incorporates transit demand, supply and inter-route effects in a simultaneous system. The model is estimated at the route-segment level by time of day and direction. The results show strong simultaneity among transit demand, supply and competing routes. Transit ridership is affected by the level of service, which in turn is determined by current demand and ridership in the previous year. The model demonstrates that a service improvement has a twofold impact on ridership; it increases ridership on the route with service changes, but it also reduces the ridership on competing routes so that the net ridership change is small. The model is thus useful for both system-level analysis and route-level service planning.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 12 Aug 1997 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/576220</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>STOCHASTIC INVENTORY ROUTING: ROUTE DESIGN WITH STOCKOUTS AND ROUTE FAILURES</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/371268</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The stochastic inventory routing problem involves the distribution of a commodity such as heating oil over a long period of time to a large set of customers. The customers maintain a local inventory of the commodity which they consume at a daily rate. Their consumption varies daily and seasonally and their exact demand is known only upon the arrival of the delivery vehicle. This paper presents a detailed analysis of this problem incorporating the stochastic nature of customers' consumptions and the possibility of route failures when the actual demand on a route exceeds the capacity of a vehicle. A number of solution procedures are compared on a large set of real life data for a period of 12 consecutive weeks. The winning strategy, though computationally more expensive, provides the best system performance and reduces (almost eliminates) the stockout phenomena.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Sun, 01 Dec 1996 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/371268</guid>
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