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    <title>Transport Research International Documentation (TRID)</title>
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    <copyright>Copyright © 2026. National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.</copyright>
    <docs>http://blogs.law.harvard.edu/tech/rss</docs>
    <managingEditor>tris-trb@nas.edu (Bill McLeod)</managingEditor>
    <webMaster>tris-trb@nas.edu (Bill McLeod)</webMaster>
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      <title>Transport Research International Documentation (TRID)</title>
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    <item>
      <title>MARITIME ADMINISTRATION RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/4027</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The United States merchant marine supports the economic growth and international posture of the nation, and is an essential arm of national defense.  Its planning must include new vehicles, coastwise and inland routes, ports and connecting transportation.  The role of research is to create new knowledge and the role of development is to create professional methods.  Ten Maritime Administration development programs, along with a supporting research program, are planned to yield the most effective merchant marine for the effort expended.  Major new emphasis on port and labor-management problems, along with development of new systems, vehicles, and nuclear propulsion will bring new strength to the merchant marine.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Sat, 01 Jun 1974 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/4027</guid>
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    <item>
      <title>FORECASTING MODEL TO AID RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT PLANNING</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1129</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Among the resistance that corporations have against using technological forecasts are that most models make use of methods that are too complex, require too many data, and are too time consuming and costly to operate. Here is presented a simple but practical model for a fictitious company which indicates that this appraisal technique can greatly aid such a companys planning, evaluation and decision making processes.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Sun, 25 Nov 1973 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1129</guid>
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      <title>WHAT TO DO WHEN THERE ARE NO CORPORATE RESEARCH GOALS</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1186</link>
      <description><![CDATA[It is logical and natural for research managers to assume that it is top managements job to set corporate objectives and to establish clear-cut directions for new product development.  But, as experience clearly shows, often long- term goals and strategies either do not exist or they are inadequate to serve as guide lines for the companys research efforts.  When this is the case, what can or should the research manager do?  There is no one simple answer. Nevertheless, the problem can be solved as shown by this case history.  The solution involved an undertaking that had three interrelated phases.  The first involved the improvement of control over R&D operations.  The second phase required taking the initiative in long-range planning. And the third phase had to do with involving the research personnel in planning the R&D program.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Sun, 25 Nov 1973 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1186</guid>
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      <title>DECISION MAKING IN THE MANAGEMENT OF RESEARCH AND ADVANCED DEVELOPMENT ACTIVITIES</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1187</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The problem of managing the research and advanced development phases of a company operating in a rapidly changing technology is considered.  People may differ as to exact content of the activities called research and advanced development.  It is assumed the defining characteristics are that 1 ) specialized knowledge is essential in the performance of the work and 2 ) the outcome of the work cannot be accurately predicted.  Traditional management techniques are not well adapted to situations with these characteristics.  An approach to the development of a decision-making procedure for managing activities in which managers have difficulty understanding the significant problems and making realistic estimates of the costs and values of particular alternatives is presented here.  Unless management can make a major contribution in the planning of research-type activities, it will probably not make an important contribution toward ensuring that money spent on research-type activities actually benefits the company. Managements unique contributions to the planning of research-type activities is in making decisions on the basis of ( very ) incomplete data in technical and nontechnical areas.  However, decisions of this kind are difficult and risky.  If management is not prepared to invest the effort and resources required to make as good decisions as possible, it should refrain from making decisions at all in the planning of research-type activities.  To summarize, then, individuals responsible for leading research-type activities should concentrate their efforts in areas where they have freedom of action and that have long-term importance; these areas generally involve longe-range planning.  The essential problem in managing research-type activities is not deciding what to do but whether and when to do it.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Sun, 25 Nov 1973 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1187</guid>
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      <title>TECHNICAL REPORT ABSTRACTS--U.S. MARITIME ADMINISTRATION RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT--1957-1972</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/10841</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The Technical Report Abstracts were compiled by the Maritime Research Information Service from research reports sponsored by the Maritime Administration under their Research and Development program.  This publication covers their Research and Development effort during the years 1957 - 1972.  It is presented in the standard MRIS format.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 14 Nov 1973 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/10841</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>RESPONSE TO CHANGE: SOME CONSEQUENTIAL BENEFITS OF A PROGRAMME OR R&amp;D FOR THE FISHING INDUSTRY</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/11151</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The immediate objectives of a programme of technical development on behalf of a particular sector of industry will probably be improvements in costs, earnings and operational flexibility.  This was certainly the case when the White Fish Authority embarked on a programme of practical R&D for the fish industry some ten years ago.  As internal and external circumstances have changed, the benefits of a comprehensive R&D effort in the field of vessel design and operation have become apparent in such fields as safety, manpower, education and training.  One of the main benefits has probably been the improved ability of the Industry to anticipate and respond to change.  When working on a co-operative industry-wide basis, R&D is not an activity that should be confined to narrow techno-economic and operational terms of reference.  It can and should be so organized as to inform, if not inspire, planning decisions in the field of investment and national policy.  This paper describes some features of the White Fish Authority's methods of managing and executing their task in the field of R&D.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 14 Nov 1973 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/11151</guid>
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    <item>
      <title>THE ORGANIZATION OF SHIPBUILDING RESEARCH ABOARD AND IN THE UNITED STATES</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/9705</link>
      <description><![CDATA[This report presents a survey of shipbuilding research associations in Europe and Japan and a qualitative evaluation of their effectiveness.  It is shown that effectiveness is not directly related to financial outlay but depends greatly on organization and on the relationship between the research association and industry.  The organization of U.S. shipbuilding industry is then surveyed and research needs outlined on the basis of shipyard interviews and a questionnaire.  General agreement is reported on the importance of research on production-oriented design and on production methods and facilities.  The authors recommend that high priority be given also to management techniques and to personnel motivation and training.  It is concluded that, since the recent inauguration of a MarAd/SNAME research program, U.S. shipbuilding research is now comparable to or greater in scope and volume than the most extensive programs abroad.  Although a strong central coordinating body, representing industry as well as government, is characteristic of foreign shipbuilding research organizations, this country has developed its program through informal cooperation among industry, government, and the Ship Production Committee, SNAME.  It is recommended that the present cooperative shipbuilding research program in the U.S. be strengthened by creating a senior central group or Shipbuilders' Research Association to work with R & D sponsors, to be responsible for planning and organizing shipyard research, to improve cohesion and coordination, and to perform contracting and expediting functions as needed.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 31 Oct 1973 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/9705</guid>
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    <item>
      <title>THE EVALUATION AND SELECTION OF RESEARCH PROJECTS</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/53</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The report discusses the value of formal methods for the evaluation and selection of research projects, and shows that the practical applications of such methods can be of very great benefit to a research manager.  Particular reference is made to the procedure currently used in the British Iron and Steel Research Association, Operational Research Department for the choice of its annual research programme.  ( Author )]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 30 Oct 1973 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/53</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>WOODS HOLE CONFERENCE ON MARITIME RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT, APPENDIX 3</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/3400</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Detailed work descriptions are given of the 110 program elements recommended by the Woods Hole Conference on Maritime Research and Development. In marine sciences and technology, the research and development areas include hydrodynamics, propulsion machinery, structures, navigation and electronics, component technology, educational and scientific programs, and technical information systems. Program areas in marine transport planning involve demand and market forecasts, technology forecasts, transport concept formulation, management techniques, and institutional constraints and legislative requirements. Ship systems engineering and development includes advanced ship design, nuclear ships, and systems engineering and fabrication. Research and development studies in ports, terminals, land transportation support and ship operations is also provided. Objectives, action plans, and end-product results are given in all program elements.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Fri, 15 Jun 1973 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/3400</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>RESEARCH TOWARDS MORE EFFICIENT TRANSPORTATION BY SEA</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/4026</link>
      <description><![CDATA[This paper attempts to show that more efficient overseas transportation is a vital need at this point in history for the world in general and the United States in particular. It is suggested that planned economic and social changes can, with the aid of modern technology, produce vastly improved transportation systems in response to this urgent need. A research and development program directed toward such improved transportation by sea is outlined, beginning with the problems of water transportation systems-including economic and sociological aspects, ports and terminals and ship operation. Research projects in the area of ship design and construction are then considered, covering technical problems of automation, cargo handling, power plants, and economical construction. On the thesis that advances in the design of overseas transportation systems-through the introduction of an optimum degree of unitization of cargoes, automation, and co-ordination with land transport-will make advances in fundamental technical knowledge imperative, an immediate research program is recommended in the fields of ship powering, seakeeping, controllability, and structures. Suggestions are also given for basic research, and the paper concludes with a discussion of the problem of administration of maritime research in the United States. The material presented is intended as a basis for discussion rather than as a final research program.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Fri, 11 May 1973 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/4026</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>SHIPBUILDING TECHNIQUES RESEARCH SYSTEM IN JAPAN</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/12355</link>
      <description><![CDATA[This report outlines the activities of shipbuilding research in Japan.  The types of research organizations contributing to shipbuilding techniques are documented. The good and bad features of each are carefully discussed. Recommendations are made to improve techniques and coordination toward common goals.  The role of the government and the shipbuilding industry in setting objectives and providing financial support is documented and discussed.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Fri, 11 May 1973 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/12355</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>MATERIALS R&amp;D. PLANNING, PROGRAMMING, BUDGETING AND MEASUREMENT</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1289</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Key problems facing materials research and development today.  The need for establishing reliable criteria and a procedure for judging the worth of a venture before initiating action is stressed.  Authors experiences with the planning, programming and budgeting systems in the United States Government are described.  The concept of program planning and measurement is illustrated with a description of the gold program of the Bureau of Mines. How the concept can be adapted and applied to the far more complex and difficult decision making that faces corporate management.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 07 May 1973 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1289</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>REPORT OF THE ADVISORY PANEL ON SHIP OPERATIONS</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2954</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The Advisory Panel on Ship Operations was formed to assist the Maritime Research Advisory Committee in determining the most profitable short- and long-range research objectives of the Maritime Administration, translating these objectives into specific suggestions for research and development indicating relative importance and priorities, and delineating methods by which this research and development can be effectively carried out.  The panel is primarily concerned with communications, navigation, personnel, and management.  This report provides discussions and recommendations for merchant ship operations in the following areas:  navigation, propulsion, charting, personnel, vessel maneuverability, human engineering, search and rescue, harbor and coastal surveillance, mechanization and automation, statutory and regulatory items, and expediting.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 14 Feb 1973 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2954</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>PROPOSED PROGRAM FOR MARITIME ADMINISTRATION RESEARCH VOLUME 1: SUMMARY</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2950</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The U.S. merchant marine would benefit directly from a government and industry supported program of research and development.  The principal aim of the research should be to assist in providing a strong U.S. maritime industry which can compete in the world market, with a minimum of subsidy, and can provide improved foreign and domestic shipping services.  Concurrent efforts should also be directed toward improvements in regulatory requirements and labor-management relationships.  Subsidy reduction can best be accomplished through a U.S. Maritime industry which obtains maximum productivity through efficient use of labor.  The two developments that offer the most promise are crew size reduction through automation techniques and improved cargo handling systems.  Savings can be realized in shipbuilding costs through simplification and standardization of design.  The physical characteristics of ship designs, including speed, should be based on fleet-wide operational studies which delineate the ship's functional requirements.  Immediate priority should be placed on the development of currently available technologies to increase the commercial competitiveness of the replacement fleet.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 06 Feb 1973 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2950</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>PROPOSED PROGRAM FOR MARITIME ADMINISTRATION RESEARCH VOLUME 2: CONTRIBUTING STUDIES</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2951</link>
      <description><![CDATA[This volume contains ten reports related to the study of a proposed Maritime Administration research program.  The reports cover: 1) basic research; 2) the role of the U.S. Merchant Marine in national security; 3) port facilities research; 4) ship operations research; 5) future requirements for ocean transport; 6) methods of implementation of Maritime Administration research; 7) technical research suitable for the Maritime Administration; 8) the organization of maritime research in the United Kingdom; 9) thoughts on the management of applied research and development; and 10) lessons from history.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 06 Feb 1973 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2951</guid>
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