<rss version="2.0" xmlns:atom="https://www.w3.org/2005/Atom">
  <channel>
    <title>Transport Research International Documentation (TRID)</title>
    <link>https://trid.trb.org/</link>
    <atom:link href="https://trid.trb.org/Record/RSS?s=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" rel="self" type="application/rss+xml" />
    <description></description>
    <language>en-us</language>
    <copyright>Copyright © 2026. National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.</copyright>
    <docs>http://blogs.law.harvard.edu/tech/rss</docs>
    <managingEditor>tris-trb@nas.edu (Bill McLeod)</managingEditor>
    <webMaster>tris-trb@nas.edu (Bill McLeod)</webMaster>
    <image>
      <title>Transport Research International Documentation (TRID)</title>
      <url>https://trid.trb.org/Images/PageHeader-wTitle.jpg</url>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/</link>
    </image>
    <item>
      <title>Public Engagement for Sustainable Mobility Policy Design: Insights from West Midlands, UK</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2579552</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Citizens must be involved in creating and enhancing policies that promote sustainable mobility. The goal is not just to address the demands of users but also to help find strategies for altering ingrained patterns and habits related to transportation behavior. The main factor influencing whether environmental results, including transportation, are positive or negative is human behavior, whether at work or in their free time. In order to understand users’ motives in relation to policy objectives, it is crucial to include them in the policy-making process. Sustainable mobility will benefit from taking an ecologically responsible stance. This paper presents several sustainable mobility interventions derived from a citizen engagement process. The methodology involved organizing four (4) citizen panels in the West Midlands, UK, where participants completed specific exercises. Specifically, the steps were as follows: i) Defining the visions – long-term direction, ii) Participatory diagnosis of transport policies, iii) Decision on priorities, and iv) Designing of actions. The findings revealed that two main citizen behaviors need to be targeted by future sustainable mobility policies. These relate to changing automatic or habitual car users’ behaviors to encourage more active travel and parents of young families to provide alternate options for their children’s safer and more autonomous school transportation.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 27 Apr 2026 15:01:25 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2579552</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>2025 Safety Belt Usage Survey in Kentucky</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2642342</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The use of safety belts is a proven means of reducing injuries to motor vehicle occupants involved in traffic crashes. Promoting and supporting safety belt usage is a top priority for transportation safety officials across the country. For years, there have been various methods used in efforts to increase safety belt usage. Past efforts have included public information campaigns, local and statewide legislation, and enforcement of the legislation. This study involved collecting and evaluating data from across the state to establish the safety belt usage rate in Kentucky for 2025. The effort supports the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) seat belt safety initiatives. The survey began immediately after completion of the annual “Click It or Ticket” campaigns, lasted for ten weeks, and involved collecting data at 150 sites across 15 counties. Data from the individual sites were weighted and summarized into a statewide percentage. The resulting usage rate is presented in a variety of ways, considering attributes such as roadway functional classification, county, motor vehicle type, and amount of traffic. Kentucky’s rate from 2025 is valuable knowledge but becomes more useful when compared to those determined from previous surveys, which are included in the report. The 2025 survey and subsequent report represent continued documentation of the effect associated with safety belt legislation, related education campaigns, and attitude of the general public]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 23 Dec 2025 13:31:16 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2642342</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Improving and Communicating Speed Management Practices: Workshop Instructor Guide</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2561912</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Texas Department of Transportation (TxDOT) Research Project 0-7049 was designed to increase the profession’s understanding of the fundamental relationships between posted and operating speed, identify procedures for the establishment of regulatory speed limits, identify technologies that increase driver awareness and comprehension, and provide content to support external and internal TxDOT dialog about speed limits and their development for all roadway environments. The Research Team conducted dialogs with TxDOT districts to learn about the practices and procedures being used. New research was performed on operating speed relationships with regulatory speed limits and with roadway characteristics for urban freeways and for rural highways and suburban arterials. Developed communication tools included videos (one for engineers, and one for the public), a pamphlet for public distribution, answers to common questions about speed and speed limits, and a workshop on state and national speed limit setting practices. This document includes: instructor's notes; workshop lesson slides; frequently asked questions about regulatory speed limits, and an informational pamphlet.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 17 Jun 2025 09:43:50 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2561912</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Road Usage Charge Communication Strategies</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2558372</link>
      <description><![CDATA[A road usage charge (RUC) allows all users of a transportation system to help pay for that system in a fair manner and in proportion to how much it is used. A RUC is frequently referred to as a mileage-based user fee (MBUF), vehicle miles traveled (VMT) tax, or distance-based fee (DBF). NCHRP Project 19-18 developed NCHRP WebResource 2: Road Usage Charge Guide that compiles resources, best practices, and sample communication materials to support agencies exploring, setting up, or implementing a RUC program.

Numerous states and regional organizations have conducted pilots, research, and operational programs for RUC. These activities used a variety of communication strategies, but there has been no systematic evaluation of how effective these strategies have been.

Research is needed to help transportation agencies communicate effectively with stakeholders about RUC.

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this research is to develop and validate a communications toolkit for RUC.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Thu, 29 May 2025 13:01:48 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2558372</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Utah Roadside Litter Solutions</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2494859</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Roadside litter is increasing in the state of Utah, especially along landfill haul routes frequented by Trash/Recycling Vehicles and Construction Debris Haulers. These "hotspot" areas pose health and safety concerns for the public and for water resources. Litter cleanup creates an added burden for limited state forces, and the cost is shouldered by the Utah taxpayer. The objective of this project is to build upon past research efforts at Utah Department of Transportation (UDOT) to include analyzing the waste management industry’s operational techniques/behavior, vehicle retrofits/solutions, and education or media campaigns. This research project initially focused on Trash/Recycling Vehicles and Construction Debris Haulers to seek solutions to highway litter from these sources. The research also reached out to many state DOTs to learn of other approaches to highway litter mitigation. A review of potential mitigation technologies was undertaken. In the end, it was determined that the most effective intervention to mitigate highway litter needed to focus on public education. The research concludes with examples of several media and public outreach campaigns that UDOT can initiate to address this problem. A large-scale litter campaign is envisioned with five programs coordinated around a campaign brand: (1) establishing a statewide partner program (start-up costs $750,000); (2) developing a statewide school program (start-up costs $200,000); (3) developing community outreach and displays (start-up costs $150,000); (4) initiating a campaign focused on unsecured loads (start-up costs $500,000); and (5) establishing an annual statewide spring-cleaning day (start-up costs $300,000).]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 29 Jan 2025 16:56:21 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2494859</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Chain-effect of commuting pattern choice under different PM₂.₅ inhalation information publication degrees</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2483548</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Air pollution has negative effects on residents’ health. The publication of pollution information can affect residents’ commuting behavior. Causal relationships between variables can lead to chained effects on commuting mode choice under different pollution information. A questionnaire is designed to obtain residents’ commuting mode choice intention in polluted weather when they are informed of different pollution information. An improved Bayesian network model is established to evaluate the chain effect of commuting mode choice behaviors. The results of analyzing Xi’an residents’ travel data show that: as pollution information degrees increase, commuters tend to choose modes with lower PM₂.₅ inhalation and simplify their commuting process. Variables in each pollution scene can generally form 1–3 influence pathways. These pathways can be categorized by personal, travel, and pollution perception attributes. A more constructive inducement strategy can be developed using the results of this study to promote healthy travel habits among residents.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 27 Jan 2025 08:55:14 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2483548</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>New England Mileage Fee Survey [supporting dataset]</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2487858</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Fleet diversification and increases in energy efficiency continue to weaken the revenue-generating ability of motor fuels taxes (colloquially, “gas taxes”), which are a large source of funding for transportation projects. While alternative funding schemes are necessary, consensus amongst policymakers is lacking and public acceptance of changes to the gas tax is low. The authors surveyed residents of Vermont, Maine, and New Hampshire to gauge understanding of and support for a mileage fee and a flat fee as potential replacements for the gas tax. Throughout the survey, respondents were provided information and learning opportunities to “myth bust” common misconceptions about the gas tax and the potential policy alternatives. The authors find that, before education, respondents knew very little about how the current gas tax works and showed minimal support for the proposed policy alternatives. Post-education, support for mileage fees increased by 11%, and the impact of the education was statistically significant in increasing policy support.  Additional regression models revealed that while perceptions of fairness may not be easily changed with education in a survey format, presenting respondents with personalized cost estimates was a highly effective way to increase policy support. Overall, the authors find responding to common public concerns with up-to-date and non-biased information within a relatively simple learning experience can cause substantial changes in policy support. The findings offer an avenue to understand how support for gas tax alternatives varies amongst different groups of people and the role that education can play in increasing policy support in the face of widespread misconceptions.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 21 Jan 2025 09:16:48 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2487858</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Evaluating Heterogeneity in Household Travel Response to Carbon Pricing: A Study Focusing on Small and Rural Communities</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2487859</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Smaller and rural communities are often automobile dependent, a fact that has raised considerable concerns about the equity and effectiveness of market-based climate strategies including carbon taxes and carbon cap and trade schemes in rural states like Vermont. A lack of research and data describing how people in smaller and rural communities respond to changes in transportation costs is a critical gap to informing the design of market-based greenhouse gas mitigation policies and evaluating their potential outcomes. This report describes several related studies that focus on understanding the opportunities and constraints that people face in changing how they travel in small and rural communities in Vermont and also evaluates the equity implications of gas tax alternatives. The research is informed by data collected by the researcher team from interviews, surveys and unique administrative datasets. Findings show that urban, suburban, and rural households all made significant travel adjustments in response to higher gas prices. Urban households were more likely to substitute their mode of transportation or move and rural households were more likely to adopt an electric vehicle (EV); however, most people in all community types were able to reduce the amount they travel by making fewer or shorter trips. Greater accessibility and more transit options were noted as barriers to change in all communities studied. Significant concerns about the feasibility of EVs were common and also shared across all communities. Overall, these findings suggest that market-based climate policies could be effective, even in smaller and rural communities. The authors also find that many people misunderstand how the gas tax is collected and what it funds, resulting in widely held beliefs that a mileage base fee alternative would be unfair, particularly to rural households. Using motor vehicle registration and inspection records, the researchers demonstrate that a mileage based user fee would be somewhat less regressive than the current gas tax and also less costly than the gas tax to rural households on average in Vermont. They also find that providing simple, factual, information about the gas tax and alternatives can significantly shift public support for gas tax alternatives in Northern New England.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 21 Jan 2025 09:16:47 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2487859</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Public Education on Automated Driver Assistance Systems</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2448633</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Most new passenger vehicles now include some level of automated driver assistance systems (ADAS) that enhance driver capabilities, and the presence of ADAS in personal vehicles is expected to expand. When used appropriately, ADAS provides drivers with potential safety benefits. But many drivers are unaware of the ADAS features in their vehicles and how to safely operate them. To address this knowledge gap in public awareness, Minnesota Department of Transportation's (MnDOT’s) Connected and Automated Vehicles (CAV) Office is considering launching a public education campaign to inform drivers about ADAS and how these systems are applied in personal vehicles. To assess the need for this campaign, this Transportation Research Synthesis sought information about efforts underway at state transportation and public safety agencies and by other stakeholders to educate the public about these relatively new technologies. Findings from this TRS are expected to inform future actions by MnDOT’s CAV Office regarding ADAS education and outreach.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 20 Nov 2024 10:20:05 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2448633</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Communicating the Impacts of Research Projects in
North Carolina</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2452917</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The North Carolina Department of Transportation (NCDOT) Research & Development Unit’s research projects are multifaceted – focusing on safety, materials, operations, planning, mobility, human and natural environments, and more – and have a real impact on people and communities across the state. It’s imperative that the story of the value of these projects is told, and heard, by many. This goes beyond needing to understand how tax dollars are being spent; how can North Carolinians appreciate how NCDOT research directly benefits them when they use the state’s transportation system?

This request for proposal indicates that NCDOT prioritizes communicating the value of its research, and the UNC Highway Safety Research Center (HSRC) is excited to submit this proposal to lead an effort to launch an engaging, public-facing video series to do just that.

The Research Team will work closely with the NCDOT Research & Development Unit; Public Involvement, Community Studies & Visualization office; and Communications Office, to promote the use and impacts of NCDOT research projects and products through an informative video series, tentatively titled “NCDOT Research Reels.” These short videos will promote the results of completed NCDOT research projects, explain how these products can or have been applied, as well as promote the benefits of these products results to potential users. The Research team will conduct all steps of the video production process, creating up to twelve succinct videos showcasing different key projects and areas of NCDOT’s research portfolio with interviews, on-site footage of research implementation, discussions with community members, narration and editing, and distribution.

HSRC will conduct all steps of the video production process, creating up to twelve succinct videos showcasing different key projects and areas of NCDOT’s research portfolio with interviews, on-site footage of research implementation, discussions with community members, narration and editing, and distribution.

HSRC has a long history of working with NCDOT on a variety of projects designed to improve the state’s roadway system and engage communities across the state. HSRC's team of communications and design professionals is uniquely positioned for this type of video outreach work. With well-written scripts, knowledge of the field, and great understanding of the importance of all the different users of a transportation system, HSRC can create impactful and digestible videos for the NCDOT Research Reels project. HSRC also has a legacy of creating impactful videos that tell a wide variety of transportation stories; key examples include the HSRC Insights series, the video “Low-Cost Pedestrian Safety Zones,” and a highlight reel for the U.S. Department of Transportation University Transportation Center managed by HSRC. Said simply, research depth, technical expertise, and practical experience qualifies HSRC for success for this proposed work.

Thank you for this opportunity to express HSRC’s interest in managing the “Communicating the Impacts of Research Projects in North Carolina” video series.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Fri, 15 Nov 2024 15:55:25 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2452917</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Exploring gender differences in awareness of new active transportation projects: Réseau Express Vélo (REV) case study</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2398055</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Many cities are currently planning and building new large-scale active transport networks to achieve a wide array of environmental, economic, and social equity goals. This is often combined with developing public campaigns to increase public awareness of their plans and introduced infrastructure to build a culture that celebrates and supports using them. While several studies explored the impacts of active transport infrastructure on users perception and travel behaviour, very little has been done to explore the factors associated with people’s awareness of such infrastructure at an early stage of their introduction. Accordingly, this study examines the factors affecting people’s likelihood of being aware of a new flagship cycling network in Montréal known as Réseau Express Vélo (REV), while understanding equity of awareness across gender identities. To achieve this goal, the study uses summary statistics and weighted multilevel logistic regressions to analyze data collected from a large-scale survey. The results of the paper show that various socioeconomic factors including age, ethnicity, income, language, as well as individuals’ travel behaviour and lifestyle are associated with being familiar with such a large bike network. Significant differences between women and men can also be observed, in which women are less likely to be aware of REV. Younger women in their 20 s tend to know much less about the project in comparison with men in the same age group. Women who identify as non-white only and used English to complete the survey are the group with the lowest probability of being aware of the project. Findings from this research unmask key aspects related to the likelihood of being aware of a new large-scale cycling network, offering important insights to transport planners, policy makers, and researchers.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 17 Jul 2024 10:12:17 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2398055</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Deploying Digital Trust for Places and Routines (DTPR) in DC: Testing A Methodology for Increasing Legibility and Enabling Public Feedback for Technology in the Public Realm</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2384810</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The Digital Trust for Places and Routines (DTPR) open-source standard was tested as part of a Pedestrian Safety Technology Pilot Sandbox project rolled out by DDOT and their consultant. The DTPR standard was an effective tool for gathering and organizing privacy and data collection related information about each technology that was deployed as part of the pilot, helping ensure that the information made available to the public was standardized from vendor to vendor and presented to the public in a consistent, visual way on both signage and online. The use of the DTPR system has allowed for DC residents to become aware of the pilot and to provide feedback on the project. Resident feedback was gathered through a combination of in-person engagement methods as well as through the online DTPR app. Resident feedback was generally positive about the Sandbox technologies whether obtained through in-person or online methods, and residents generally understood through the deployed signage that DDOT was trying something new. The deployed DTPR system was effective in answering most resident questions and the majority of residents found the information useful, but there were mixed responses on how easy the technical information was to understand.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 10 Jun 2024 08:43:18 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2384810</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Building an Effective Framework for Active Transportation Messaging</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2381710</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Active transportation consists of human-powered modes of transportation such as biking and walking. In addition to providing health benefits to users, active transportation can enable positive societal outcomes such as reducing vehicle usage and associated emissions, injuries, and air pollutants, and enhancing economic vitality in communities. As such, active transportation encompasses several complex and intersecting issues, such as public health, accessibility, data, economics, and safety. Historically, active transportation has been viewed in a silo, as an optional add-on, or as a design exception. Active transportation projects and strategies are developed by transportation and other government agencies, including state departments of transportation (DOTs), metropolitan planning organizations, localities, and municipalities. Communications and messaging are critical to raising the awareness of the benefits of active transportation and enabling the culture shift needed to consistently and sustainably provide safe active transportation. Research is needed to develop effective communication and messaging practices to reinforce and institutionalize active transportation investment.

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this research is to develop a framework for state DOTs and other government agencies to communicate the processes and strategies for institutionalizing active transportation investment.

At a minimum, the framework shall provide: Agency employees, including executives and other employees, with techniques and resources to reinforce this institutional commitment, as well as techniques for overcoming organizational barriers to implementation; Guidelines for fostering meaningful partnerships with external audiences, including elected officials, potential advocates, the public, and partner organizations.
]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 20 May 2024 21:57:01 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2381710</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Improving Mobility of Transportation-Disadvantaged Older Adults: A Community-Based Intervention for Hispanic/Latinx Population</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2364572</link>
      <description><![CDATA[In the United States, there is a well-established link between driving cessation among older adults and declines in their physical, social, and cognitive function. The Healthy Buddy Program (HB) was established in 2017 to address public health and transportation planning challenges among aging populations at a community level. Specifically, this community-based program paired trained college students with transportation-disadvantaged older adults to help them identify relevant transportation and health resources in their area. Expanding upon this, the research team sought to determine whether a Spanish-language iteration of HB could improve mobility and quality of life among Hispanic/Latinx older adults in Hillsborough County, Florida and Dallas-Fort Worth Metroplex and San Antonio, Texas. A pilot-test of the Spanish-Language Healthy Buddy Program (SHB) was implemented in both locations. Four (4) participants were enrolled in Florida and 25 were enrolled in Texas. Due to Covid-19, older adults and student volunteers conducted the entirety of the program remotely, by phone. A pre- and post-survey was completed by 23 participants to identify any changes in measures of overall quality of life. The mean score for the post-test (61.17) was higher than the mean pre-test score (59.30) but was not statistically significant (p > .10). In-depth interview participants were receptive to the program model and provided insights that could be used to develop effective strategies to improve mobility among Hispanic/Latinx older adults.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 17 Apr 2024 09:29:31 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2364572</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Roadside Safety: DOT Should Update Public Awareness Materials on Move over Laws</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2362132</link>
      <description><![CDATA[First responders, highway construction workers, and others risk being killed or injured when working on the side of the road. Reducing transportation-related fatalities and injuries is one of the U.S. Department of Transportation's (DOT’s) top priorities. The National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) plays a key role in working toward that priority, including by supporting states’ efforts to promote their Move Over laws. The Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act includes a provision for the Government Accountability Office (GAO) to review issues related to states’ Move Over laws. This report (1) identifies the key characteristics of states’ Move Over laws, (2) describes how states have promoted these laws, and (3) assesses the extent to which DOT has supported states’ efforts to promote these laws. GAO reviewed Move Over laws and certain related legal provisions for all states, as well as online information about states’ promotion efforts. GAO compared DOT’s public awareness materials related to Move Over laws with DOT strategic plans and federal internal control standards. GAO also interviewed officials in seven states selected for specific characteristics of their Move Over laws, as well as DOT officials and stakeholders from law enforcement, trash and recycling, and other associations. GAO recommends that NHTSA update its public awareness materials on states’ Move Over laws to more fully reflect the range of vehicles covered by these laws, such as highway construction, utility, and disabled vehicles. DOT agreed with the recommendation.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 15 Apr 2024 08:37:43 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2362132</guid>
    </item>
  </channel>
</rss>