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    <title>Transport Research International Documentation (TRID)</title>
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    <atom:link href="https://trid.trb.org/Record/RSS?s=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" rel="self" type="application/rss+xml" />
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    <language>en-us</language>
    <copyright>Copyright © 2026. National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.</copyright>
    <docs>http://blogs.law.harvard.edu/tech/rss</docs>
    <managingEditor>tris-trb@nas.edu (Bill McLeod)</managingEditor>
    <webMaster>tris-trb@nas.edu (Bill McLeod)</webMaster>
    <image>
      <title>Transport Research International Documentation (TRID)</title>
      <url>https://trid.trb.org/Images/PageHeader-wTitle.jpg</url>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/</link>
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    <item>
      <title>Virtual trial assembly of prefabricated bridges: Mathematical control model-driven method using BIM and LiDAR</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2752435</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Current virtual trial assembly (VTA) methods lack a rigorous mathematical framework for modeling and optimizing the propagation of multi-source assembly errors. This paper formulates the assembly process into a mathematical control model. By integrating BIM and LiDAR, automatically annotated point clouds derived from BIM support deep-learning-free semantic segmentation of LiDAR-scanned components. The core contribution is a unified mathematical framework that maps physical components to matrix variables through automated extraction. Procrustes analysis is used to solve beam-pier and panel-beam assembly problems, while a simulated annealing algorithm addresses the combinatorial optimization of panel-beam connections under PPNG-based collision constraints. The model yields optimized assembly sequences and pose adjustments to minimize cumulative assembly errors. Validated with an engineering project, the proposed method delivers high alignment accuracy, 50% fewer assembly collisions, and 61.6% higher efficiency compared with on-site trials. This work establishes a systematic mathematical modeling framework to realize integrated constrained optimization of component assembly.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Fri, 14 Aug 2026 15:04:59 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2752435</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Bending behavior and cracking resistance of UHPC wet joints in prefabricated multi-girder bridges</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2708722</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Ultra high performance concrete (UHPC) is well acknowledged to possess excellent bonding performance, making it favorable to be used in prefabricated bridges. This paper focused on the bending behavior and cracking resistance of UHPC wet joints in prefabricated multi-girder bridges. Four-point bending tests on ten bridge panel specimens with the UHPC wet joint were carried out. On this basis, a refined finite element model (FEM) was developed based on ABAQUS to simulate bending behavior of the UHPC wet joint. The cohesive element was utilized to simulate the UHPC-NC interface. The FEM was validated through a comparison with experimental data, including load-deflection curves and failure modes. The results demonstrated good agreement, confirming the model’s reliability in predicting the bending behavior and cracking resistance of the UHPC wet joints. Subsequently, a parametric study was carried out on 36 UHPC wet joint specimens. The effect of the interface shape, overlapping form and length of the longitudinal reinforcement, and reinforcement ratio in the wet joint on bending behavior of the UHPC wet joint was evaluated. The parametric study indicated that the rhombic and groove shape wet joints exhibited better cracking behavior than the rectangular wet joint. The overlapping form and length of the longitudinal reinforcement had negligible influence on bending behavior of the UHPC wet joint. Additionally, increasing the reinforcement ratio from 1.13% to 1.35% significantly enhanced the flexural capacity of the joint. Finally, an analytical model was proposed and verified to be reliable in predicting cracking resistance of the UHPC wet joint under bending moment. The present study provides important design guidelines of the UHPC wet joint, which are beneficial for its engineering application.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 22 Jun 2026 07:29:02 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2708722</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Rapid alignment evaluation method for prefabricated arch bridges based on virtual trial assembly</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2703811</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Geometric dimension inspection and overall alignment evaluation of arch ribs remain challenging during the manufacturing and installation of prefabricated arch bridges. Enabled by three-dimensional laser scanning for rapid and accurate capture of complex geometries, this study proposes a rapid alignment evaluation method based on virtual trial assembly for prefabricated arch bridges. First, the high amount of noise in flange-plate plane point cloud data is mitigated by a SVD-based plane-fitting denoising algorithm. Second, geometric features of the bolt holes and the flange plane are obtained by applying an alpha shape-based feature extraction method to the flange-plate point cloud. Subsequently, under a “face-to-face, hole-to-hole” flange-plate alignment mode, the flange assembly error is constrained to the submillimeter level through coarse assembly that aligns flange-plate centers and fine assembly that aligns bolt hole centers. Finally, an axis extraction algorithm for the arch rib’s main chord tube is proposed. By utilizing the geometric properties of curved members with near-circular cross sections and adjusting the slicing plane orientation, the method overcomes axis extraction challenges and enables the efficient recovery of the main chord tube axis. The method has been successfully applied to Shuangbao Bridge, enabling reliable detection of the overall alignment of multiple segments during arch rib fabrication. Rapid inspection and high precision are achieved, yielding a threefold improvement in measurement efficiency over traditional methods while maintaining alignment accuracy within 2.6 mm.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Thu, 04 Jun 2026 11:56:52 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2703811</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Experimental Study of Two Prestressed Steel Beam Concrete Slab Bridge Units</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2675025</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The behavior of two 55 ft long prestressed, composite steel beam-concrete slab bridge units was studied. The type of unit tested is currently used in county road bridge construction, where the use of prefabricated units is especially economical. In primary test phases, the first unit was subjected to 3 years of sustained loading, over 2,000,000 cycles of fatigue loading and statically loaded to failure. The second unit underwent 500,000 cycles of fatigue loading and was statically loaded to its yield level. In supplementary test phases, pushout-type specimens with channel and stud shear connectors, identical to those in the bridge units, were studied to determine the difference between the two connector types under sustained and ultimate loading conditions. In addition, transverse slab strength tests were performed at six locations on the first unit, and on six similar, simply supported, control slabs. The transverse slab strength tests were performed to verify that arching action occurs in the bridge slab. The presence of arching action in the bridge slab changed the mode of slab failure from a relatively ductile flexural failure to a sudden punching failure at a much higher concentrated load. Test results were compared to theoretical predictions and AASHTO Specification limitations. It was found that the behavior of the unit was reasonably predictable, and that with a minor connection detail change, the prestressed, composite steel beam design concept is suitable for county road bridge use.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Sat, 14 Mar 2026 18:19:18 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2675025</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Accelerated Bridge Pier Construction in the U.S.: Seismic Implications</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2235292</link>
      <description><![CDATA[In several successful accelerated bridge construction projects in Florida and Texas, pre-fabricated bridge pier components have been utilized, which result in significant reduction of the construction schedule. This paper summarizes major accelerated bridge construction projects through adopting pre-fabricated bridge pier components, which shows its popularity in recent years. In particular, details in geometry, reinforcement, and connections from several projects are compared, focusing on their applicability in seismic regions. Systems in seismic regions investigated recently by several research groups are also summarized and compared. As concluding remarks, issues and recommendations regarding connections and reinforcement detailing are summarized.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 10 Mar 2026 09:54:58 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2235292</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Experimental Study on Mechanical Properties of Large-Diameter Steel Grouting Sleeve under Cyclic Loading</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2655737</link>
      <description><![CDATA[To study the mechanical properties of large-diameter rebar grouting sleeves (GS) in prefabricated bridge piers, 40?mm diameter GS specimens were designed and subjected to high-stress cyclic and large-deformation cyclic axial tension tests. The influences of the anchorage length and loading method on the failure mode, structural performance, and bond strength were analyzed. The results show that the specimens are in an elastic state under high-stress loading and exhibit plastic characteristics under large-deformation loading. As the anchorage length decreases, the failure mode changes from rebar fracture to slip failure, and an anchorage length of 7d can meet the seismic requirements. The eccentricity of the rebar has no significant effect on the ultimate bearing capacity. The test reveals that the average bond stress decreases with the increase of the anchorage length, and the longitudinal and transverse strain values on the sleeve surface decrease from the middle to the ends. A calculation formula for the bond strength between the rebar and the grouting material with a safety factor was established through data fitting. The research confirms that the large-diameter rebar GS connection has reliable seismic performance and can be used as an effective connection method for prefabricated bridge piers.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Thu, 22 Jan 2026 09:11:55 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2655737</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Mechanical Behavior Control Method of Prefabrication and Cantilever Assembly for Wide Steel- Ultra High Performance Concrete Composite Girder of Kilometer-Span Cable-Stayed Bridge</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2616235</link>
      <description><![CDATA[To optimize the stress of wide steel-ultra high performance concrete (UHPC) composite girders in super-long-span cable-stayed bridges during construction, this study proposes a mechanical behavior control method for the prefabrication and cantilever assembly of the composite girder. First, a finite element model of a cable-stayed bridge with a main span of 1,160?m is established, and the stress and deformation of composite girder segments during prefabrication and assembly are analyzed. Based on the characteristics of composite girder prefabrication, this study proposes a method for applying transverse prestress to the bridge deck during prefabrication of composite girders, theoretically derives this method, and investigates the impact of varying inverted arch degrees on transverse prestress through the model. Subsequently, the deformation behavior of the cross-section of the wide steel-UHPC composite girder during the cantilever assembly is analyzed, and the hanging cable-unloading matching method is proposed, which effectively controls the relative deformation of the girder during installation. The findings of this study demonstrate that the comprehensive methodology proposed in this paper ensures that the bridge deck maintains an adequate compressive stress reserve throughout the entire segment prefabrication process, and the deformation of adjacent segments remains relatively uniform during cantilever assembly, thus realizing high-quality prefabrication and high-precision assembly of composite girders.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 03 Nov 2025 09:16:33 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2616235</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Hinge damage diagnosis of a prefabricated beam bridge using the difference between quasi-static displacement influence lines</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2594248</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Hinge damage is a common type of damage in prefabricated beam bridges. It is difficult to diagnose hinge damage using the quasi-static displacement influence lines obtained via rapid bridge inspection. To address this issue, a method is proposed to diagnose the hinge damage of prefabricated beam bridges by using the difference between quasi-static displacement influence lines. First, a damage diagnosis feature matrix was established such that the correlation between the quasi-static displacement influence lines of two adjacent beams at different cross-sections of one healthy bridge is close to linear. Second, the damage diagnostic factor was generated by calculating the null space of the abovementioned matrix, and then the probability statistics-based threshold for damage diagnosis was obtained. The numerical examples show that the difference between quasi-static displacement influence lines is more effective for hinge damage diagnosis than the lines themselves. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed method was empirically validated through experiments on a scaled-down beam bridge model.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 22 Oct 2025 13:34:25 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2594248</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Development of joint materials for the connection of future sustainable prefabricated bridge deck asphalt pavement</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2595296</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The traditional construction of bridge deck asphalt pavement (BDAP) faces the challenges of quality control difficulty, large environmental impact and carbon emissions. Developing prefabricated BDAP is an effective solution to realize rapid, low-impact and high-quality construction, but currently there is no specific joint material used for its connection. Therefore, joint materials for the connection of future sustainable prefabricated BDAP are developed in this research. Firstly, epoxy resin binders with various material components are prepared for further selection; then, the tensile performance test, viscosity test and thermodynamic curing reaction test are conducted respectively, and their tensile strength, viscosity and curing reaction law are analyzed to determine the optimal components of epoxy resin binder; lastly, dense-graded and fast curing epoxy resin mixtures with different gradations are designed. Results show that the designed joint materials could meet the requirements of construction workability, fast curing, and mechanical properties for prefabricated BDAP, which promises the high-quality, low-carbon and intelligent construction of future sustainable prefabricated BDAP, and improves the industrialization construction level of bridges.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Fri, 17 Oct 2025 09:23:37 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2595296</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Virtual pre-assembly method for bridge tower crossbeam lifting based on temperature effect analysis and 3D laser scanning technology</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2583006</link>
      <description><![CDATA[By transferring on-site construction operations to a controlled factory environment, prefabricated construction technology has significantly reduced the adverse interference of factors such as transportation and weather conditions on the construction process. However, factors including fabrication and assembly inaccuracies, along with the deformation of components, have the potential to reduce the precision of prefabricated assembly. To address these challenges, this study proposes a virtual pre-assembly method for bridge tower crossbeam lifting, integrating temperature effect analysis with 3D laser scanning technology. The method begins with a theoretical investigation into the deformation behavior of bridge towers and crossbeams under different temperature gradient patterns. Radiative heat transfer theory is then employed to compute the thermal profile of a bridge tower, which is introduced into a finite element model to analyze and validate the time-dependent displacement characteristics of the structure. High-precision point cloud data of crossbeam connection interfaces are acquired via 3D laser scanning. These data are aligned using point cloud registration techniques to achieve accurate spatial integration of the crossbeam and bridge tower. By incorporating the time-varying displacement data obtained from thermal analysis, the spatial positions of key control points in the point cloud are adjusted to simulate deformations encountered during actual construction. This virtual pre-assembly approach provides a visual and quantitative assessment of alignment tolerances with daily periods, enabling more accurate monitoring and control of the crossbeam lifting process.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 15 Sep 2025 17:05:52 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2583006</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Standards Updates for Single Span Prefabricated Bridges — Technology Transfer Technical Brief</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2592792</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Standards for Single Span Prefabricated Bridges were developed by HDR for the Iowa Department of Transportation in 2016 for the use on the county road system. These standards incorporated single span precast or precast/pretensioned concrete box beams with span lengths ranging from 30-feet to 70-feet, clear roadway widths of 24-feet and 30-feet, and skews of 0°, 15° or 30°. Additionally, the standards provided both cast-in-place and precast abutment design options founded on steel H-piles. The standards were developed utilizing the MicroStation V8i CADD software. This current update to the standards successfully implements the conversion of the standards to the MicroStation CONNECT platform and addresses obstacles to some precast fabricators regarding the use of fully tensioned top strands. In addition, the update addresses performance issues identified in the early procurement contract regarding top flange cracking near the ends of the concrete box beams resulting from elimination of the fully stressed top strands.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 26 Aug 2025 11:53:49 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2592792</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Shear behavior of transverse UHPC wet joint in prefabricated bridge deck with confining stress</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2585800</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Ultra-high performance concrete (UHPC) can be applied to the transverse joints of prefabricated steel-concrete composite beams, leveraging its excellent mechanical properties to enhance the continuity and integrity of prefabricated bridge decks. A new type of UHPC wet joint with a narrow width is proposed, which can simplify the joint structure and improve the connection efficiency of adjacent prefabricated bridge decks. Shear tests were conducted on six UHPC wet joints and two epoxy dry joints to investigate the effects of joint type, reinforcement arrangement, and confining stress on shear properties. The results show UHPC wet joint can also achieve reliable connection to adjacent prefabricated bridge decks compared with epoxy dry joint, but its good ductility increases the ultimate load of prefabricated bridge deck by more than 53.0 %. When confining stress is 1 MPa or double-row reinforcements are arranged in the joint, the shear failure of prefabricated bridge deck rather than bonding interface occurs. The reinforcements of UHPC wet joint need to be arranged in double rows under no confining stress when top width is 40 mm and bottom width is 60 mm. Shear capacity is reduced by 15.7 %, and vertical dislocation is increased by more than 3.9 times when the defect area of the bonding interface at the joint is 30 %. The anchorage length of embedded reinforcement in UHPC wet joint is 4 cm. Two shear capacity formulas of UHPC wet joints in prefabricated bridge decks under confining stress were established, and the deviation between predicted results and test results was less than 3.8 %.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Fri, 22 Aug 2025 09:29:21 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2585800</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Shear behavior of transverse UHPC wet joint in prefabricated bridge deck with confining stress</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2583908</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Ultra-high performance concrete (UHPC) can be applied to the transverse joints of prefabricated steel-concrete composite beams, leveraging its excellent mechanical properties to enhance the continuity and integrity of prefabricated bridge decks. A new type of UHPC wet joint with a narrow width is proposed, which can simplify the joint structure and improve the connection efficiency of adjacent prefabricated bridge decks. Shear tests were conducted on six UHPC wet joints and two epoxy dry joints to investigate the effects of joint type, reinforcement arrangement, and confining stress on shear properties. The results show UHPC wet joint can also achieve reliable connection to adjacent prefabricated bridge decks compared with epoxy dry joint, but its good ductility increases the ultimate load of prefabricated bridge deck by more than 53.0%. When confining stress is 1MPa or double-row reinforcements are arranged in the joint, the shear failure of prefabricated bridge deck rather than bonding interface occurs. The reinforcements of UHPC wet joint need to be arranged in double rows under no confining stress when top width is 40mm and bottom width is 60mm. Shear capacity is reduced by 15.7%, and vertical dislocation is increased by more than 3.9 times when the defect area of the bonding interface at the joint is 30%. The anchorage length of embedded reinforcement in UHPC wet joint is 4cm. Two shear capacity formulas of UHPC wet joints in prefabricated bridge decks under confining stress were established, and the deviation between predicted results and test results was less than 3.8%.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 20 Aug 2025 13:46:14 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2583908</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Development of a Continuous for Live Load Prefabricated Steel Accelerated Bridge Construction (ABC) Unit for Texas Bridges</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2589091</link>
      <description><![CDATA[This research study developed and evaluated prefabricated steel bridges made continuous for live load utilizing accelerated bridge construction (ABC). The project created a steel ABC transverse connection detail at the bridge piers that allows the structure to behave as simply supported for dead load and continuous for live load. This detail is relatively easy to fabricate, fast to assemble, safe to construct, cost-effective, and it provides long-term durability. The study began with a comprehensive literature review to capture the state of the art and the state of the practice relevant to the topics addressed in this project. A field assessment on the recent Texas Department of Transportation steel girder ABC project in Dallas was performed to understand the current construction method utilized, observe performance issues, and identify the baseline performance of the transverse connection between adjacent spans. An array of preliminary connection concepts was developed and evaluated by an industry panel. Four concepts were selected for detailed evaluation. Each was studied through a full-scale laboratory test program that included service-level testing, cyclic tests, and an ultimate strength test. The purpose was to demonstrate and validate the anticipated future performance along an in-service bridge. Numerical finite element models were created for the experimental test setups to validate the modeling techniques by comparing them with experimental results. Parametric studies were then carried out to investigate an array of various bridge geometries. Finally, a recommended steel ABC transverse connection detail was selected. This selection was supplemented with design guidance, a design example, and standard details.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 20 Aug 2025 11:56:22 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2589091</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Welding Path Planning for Steel Box Bridge Panel Unit with Multiple Ribs Based on Improved RRT Algorithm</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2582646</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The construction of large bridges requires extensive prefabrication of steel components, where the efficiency and precision of welding operations directly influence construction progress and quality. In the automated production of steel components, the traditional manual teaching programming method for welding robotic arms is inefficient, and the lack of support for automatic path planning has impeded the development of intelligent autonomous operations. This study proposes a method for segmenting the work area for large-scale panel unit components with multiple transverse and longitudinal ribs, considering the operational range of gantry welding robots, to enable step-by-step welding. To address the need for controlling welding deformation in actual operations, the degree of constraint is introduced for planning the welding sequence. Sampling-based rapidly exploring random tree (RRT) algorithms are commonly used to plan collision-free trajectories for robotic arms in three-dimensional (3D) space. This study integrates improvements from the RRT* and RRT-connect algorithms into the basic RRT framework, incorporating adaptive sampling space and a sampling point selection mechanism. The enhancements improve path search efficiency by limiting the sampling space during each search. Additionally, the algorithm conducts multiple samples at each step, selecting the point closest to the vertical plane through the start and target points, effectively shortening the path length. Experimental results in complex scenarios demonstrate that the proposed improved RRT algorithm reduces path cost and time cost by approximately 30% and 70%, respectively, compared with RRT* and other enhanced algorithms, with more stable path planning outcomes.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 13 Aug 2025 09:25:50 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2582646</guid>
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