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    <title>Transport Research International Documentation (TRID)</title>
    <link>https://trid.trb.org/</link>
    <atom:link href="https://trid.trb.org/Record/RSS?s=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" rel="self" type="application/rss+xml" />
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    <copyright>Copyright © 2026. National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.</copyright>
    <docs>http://blogs.law.harvard.edu/tech/rss</docs>
    <managingEditor>tris-trb@nas.edu (Bill McLeod)</managingEditor>
    <webMaster>tris-trb@nas.edu (Bill McLeod)</webMaster>
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      <title>Transport Research International Documentation (TRID)</title>
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      <link>https://trid.trb.org/</link>
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    <item>
      <title>Surface modified aggregates for enhanced moisture resistance in cold mix asphalt</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2651634</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Siliceous aggregates are prone to moisture damage due to their high-water affinity and poor adhesion to bitumen. This study evaluates their bonding mechanism using two mineral powders (CaCO₃, HL) and three liquid anti-stripping agents (LAT, LAD, ZT) through surface modification at varying dosages. The investigation was conducted in two phases. Phase 1 involved a modified boiling water test on mixes cured at 20°C and 40°C for 6, 24, and 72 h to optimize the anti-stripping agent concentration. Phase 2 employed surface free energy analysis as an additional test to validate moisture damage behaviour. Phase 1 results showed that HL and ZT achieved the highest coating retention due to the formation of ionic and covalent bonds, respectively. LAT and LAD exhibited poor resistance because of weak hydrogen bonding, while CaCO₃ failed to bond chemically. Regression analysis indicated that higher curing temperatures accelerated moisture loss and bond formation. Optimal dosages were 1 % (by weight) for HL and 1:200 dilution for ZT; higher HL reduced coating retention by 20.7 %, and increased ZT dosage gave marginal gains. Phase 2 results showed slight wettability improvement with LAT and LAD, while ZT-coated aggregates achieved up to 648 % enhancement. Energy ratio analysis confirmed “good adhesion” for ZT across all aggregates, mixed performance for control mixes, and “very poor” values for LAT and LAD. Mineral powders failed to yield contact angles due to surface irregularities from CaCO₃ precipitation. Overall, ZT and HL demonstrated superior bonding and moisture resistance among all modifiers studied.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 18 May 2026 16:36:42 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2651634</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Review on factors influencing the light reflection properties of road surfaces – Part 2: External factors</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2694474</link>
      <description><![CDATA[To limit energy costs and environmental impacts related to road lighting, luminance-based designing is the best solution to provide the right amount of light on the surfaces to be lit. But this exercise requires knowledge of the reflection properties of the road surface, which are generally unknown. Therefore, the design is often done in terms of illuminance, and luminance is estimated using the standard r-tables provided by the CIE 50 years ago. This review article presents the current state of knowledge on the reflection properties of road surfaces and the external factors (age, traffic, climatic conditions) that may influence them for road lighting applications. These factors are closely connected, and they were not addressed in isolation. However, this article illustrates the evolving and dynamic nature of the reflection properties of road surfaces over time. To characterise a road surface in a state representative of most of its life, it is preferable to wait 2 years after application, especially for bituminous roads with no initial surface treatment. Furthermore, spatial heterogeneity could be considered by taking measurements in the centre track and in the wheel track.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 18 May 2026 11:01:18 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2694474</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Review on factors influencing the light reflection properties of road surfaces – Part 1: Internal factors</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2694336</link>
      <description><![CDATA[To limit energy costs and environmental impacts related to road lighting, luminance-based designing is the best solution to provide the right amount of light on the surfaces to be lit. However, this exercise requires knowledge of the reflection properties of the road surface, which are generally unknown. Therefore, the design is often done in terms of illuminance, and luminance is estimated using the standard r-tables provided by the CIE (Commission Internationale de l’Eclairage) 50 years ago. This review article presents the state of knowledge on the reflection properties of road surfaces and the internal factors (family and nature of road surface, composition, type of aggregates, binders used, surface treatments) that may influence them for road lighting applications. Although some trends emerge based on the family of road surface, the wide variety of these factors, their interactions, or the extent to which they have been studied make it difficult to establish generalisable rules. The main international consensus is the need to revise the CIE standard r-tables. This article also identifies the need for further research, and the descriptive summary of the characteristics of road surfaces and their field of use that we propose is a solid basis for carrying this out in a unified manner.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 18 May 2026 11:01:18 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2694336</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Demonstration of Zero Speed Inertial Profilers</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2696127</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The Indiana Department of Transportation currently, uses inertial profilers for pavement smoothness quality control and quality assurance. However, this profilers face limitations in urban environments characterized by slow speeds and stop and go traffic. Currently, equipment vendors are developing new profiler platforms that include improved spatial and temporal filters, additional sensors, and novel computational methods to enhance performance in urban environments. This research is to evaluate the performance of these updated systems in urban slow speed environments.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 18 May 2026 10:59:39 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2696127</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Concentration Preserving Deicing Solutions for Higher Ice Melting</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2701276</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Chloride-based brine deicers are widely used to maintain winter roadway safety, but their performance drops in extreme cold as meltwater dilutes the brine, and their runoff accelerates concrete deterioration, rebar corrosion, and ecological harm. This report investigates sustainable, high-performance deicing formulations that enhance low-temperature ice melting while limiting infrastructure damage and preserving pavement friction. Both concentration-preserving and oversaturated deicing formulations have been considered. Superabsorbent polymers (SAPs) and corn-derived polyols were used to prepare concentration-preserving and oversaturated deicing formulations, respectively. Superabsorbent polymers (SAPs) are introduced to brines to retain meltwater and sustain salt concentration at the ice–solution interface. Their swelling behavior is quantified using both bulk absorption tests and optical microscopy with 3D reconstruction of individual particles in distilled water and saline solution, revealing strong particle-size dependence and rapid uptake primarily within the first five minutes. Deicer performance is evaluated through freezing-point depression and ice-melting capacity tests at 0, −10, −20, and −30 °C using controlled laboratory setups. The results showed that adding 5% large-particle-sized SAPs increased ice-melting capacity by up to 80% compared to the brine solution at − 30°C. This improvement in ice-melting capacity occurred by preserving the salt concentration in the SAPadsorbed water. Corn-derived polyol additives (erythritol and xylitol) are assessed in salt brines for freezing-point reduction and enhanced melting, achieving freezing points near −37.5 °C and improved ice-melting capacity at subzero temperatures relative to conventional brines. Skid resistance is evaluated using British Pendulum testing on asphalt and Portland cement concrete, showing negligible friction loss with optimized SAP brine formulations and comparable or slightly improved skid resistance with select polyol brine mixtures. Corrosion mitigation is evaluated for low-carbon, high-strength steel exposed to aggressive chloride environments using visual inspection and potentiodynamic polarization tests. Polyols act as mixed-type inhibitors that adsorb onto steel surfaces, markedly reducing corrosion rates. Overall, the results demonstrate that tailoring the additive type, concentration, and SAP particle size can simultaneously improve extreme-cold deicing effectiveness, maintain skid resistance, and reduce chloride-driven corrosion.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 18 May 2026 10:59:38 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2701276</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Upgrade and Performance Testing of the Benchmark Profiler and the Urban and Low-Speed Profiler</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2701272</link>
      <description><![CDATA[This report describes upgrades to the Federal Highway Administration Benchmark Profiler (BP) and the University of Michigan Transportation Research Institute Urban and Low-Speed Profiler (ULSP) and comparison between profiles measured by the two devices. BP and ULSP measurements were compared on six pavement sections at the Illinois Certification and Research Track. The test sections composed a diverse set of macrotexture types. Agreement between profiles was quantified using cross correlation of profile filtered by the International Roughness Index algorithm. Agreement between the two devices and among repeat measurements made by each device exceeded the threshold established for reference quality profilers.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 18 May 2026 10:59:38 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2701272</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Effect of Waste Perlite Powder as a Replacement for Natural Filler on the Mix Design and Performance Properties of Slurry Seal Surface Treatment</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2701303</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The reuse of industrial waste materials in infrastructure projects presents a promising approach to reduce natural resource consumption and minimize environmental impacts. This study examines the performance of waste perlite powder (WPP) as a sustainable alternative to conventional natural fillers in slurry seal mixtures. Five mix designs were prepared by partially replacing the natural filler with WPP at 0%–10% total aggregate weight, corresponding to 0%–100% replacement of the original filler (constituting 10% of the aggregate). The mixtures were evaluated using a comprehensive set of standardized tests, including mixing time, wet cohesion, sand adhesion, wet track abrasion test (WTAT), and loaded wheel tracking (LWT), as well as determining the optimum residual bitumen content. The WPP at 75% (WPP75) achieved 28.4 kg·cm of wet cohesion at 60 min, a 16% reduction in sand adhesion, and a greater than 50% improvement in abrasion resistance (355 g/m2 versus 728 g/m2 in the control). Wheel tracking tests indicated reductions of 25.7% and 42.3% in vertical and lateral displacements, respectively, highlighting improved deformation resistance. A higher WPP content increased water demand; all mixtures retained acceptable mixing times (> 180 s). Overlay analysis of WTAT and LWT results identified an optimal residual bitumen range of 8.03%–8.66%, with WPP75 showing the highest bitumen demand. A two-way analysis of variance showed that WPP content, bitumen dosage, and their interaction significantly affected performance, accounting for most of the response variability. Incorporating up to 7.5% WPP is technically viable and environmentally advantageous, enhancing the durability, cohesion, and sustainability of slurry seal pavements.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Fri, 15 May 2026 09:18:58 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2701303</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Investigating the impact of limonene on asphalt-aggregate surface adhesion based on molecular dynamics simulations</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2663613</link>
      <description><![CDATA[In this study, the effect of three solvents, toluene, trichloroethylene and limonene, on asphalt-aggregate separation was investigated based on molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. The aggregation properties of asphaltenes in various solvent cases were investigated using the radial distribution function (RDF). Diffusion coefficients, adhesion energies and density distributions were used to assess the effect of solvents on the adhesion behavior between asphalt and aggregate. Finally, the accuracy of the MD simulation results was verified by the water-boiling method and pull-off tests. The results showed that limonene could effectively reduce the adhesion energy at the asphalt-aggregate interface, increase the diffusion coefficient of the four components in asphalt, reduce the asphalt coated on the aggregate surface, and reduce the pullout strength at the interface between asphalt and substrate. Compared with conventional solvents, limonene showed high efficiency and safety in the asphalt-aggregate separation process.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Thu, 14 May 2026 17:04:33 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2663613</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Influence mechanism of crumb rubber pretreatment and antioxidants on aging and cracking behavior of rubberized asphalt</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2672391</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The use of rubberized asphalt technology is continuously increasing because of its sustainability benefits. Incorporating crumb rubber (CR) into asphalt binders enhances their overall performance. However, segregation of CR from asphalt in storage tanks remains a significant challenge. In this study, the solution soaking pretreatment employed potassium permanganate (KMnO₄) and hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) solutions. Two antioxidants, lignin and butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT), were incorporated. Three aging methods were applied: pressure aging vessel (PAV) thermal-oxidative aging, ultraviolet (UV) aging, and roof aging for one year. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and thin-layer chromatography with flame ionization detection (TLC-FID) were used to characterize chemical changes. The fatigue performance and stiffness properties of the rubberized asphalt were evaluated using linear amplitude sweep (LAS) and bending beam rheometer (BBR) tests, respectively. Pretreatment with KMnO₄ and H₂O₂ increased the susceptibility of rubberized asphalt to oxidation, altering its chemical composition and aging behavior. Incorporating antioxidants, especially BHT, significantly enhanced the fatigue life, flexibility, and relaxation properties of rubberized asphalt.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Thu, 14 May 2026 14:00:47 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2672391</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Friction Characterization/Classification of Maryland Asphalt Mixes using
Dynamic Friction Testing and Three Wheel Polishing Machine</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2701240</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Road surface friction characteristics are very important to determine safety of commuters while they apply brakes. More than 20% of accidents happen due to low friction value of road surface. This is a public safety issue, which needs to be addressed. SHA OMT has been collecting Dynamic Friction Testing (DFT) data on virgin aggregates used in asphalt mixes for the last three decades and predicting weighted average of DF (micro texture) value of asphalt mixes based on used sources of aggregates in the asphalt mixes. The prediction of DF value of asphalt mixes is not as accurate as the direct measurement of DF value on the actual asphalt mix. No equipment was available in the market to make 20in by 20in asphalt slab in the past, but now new equipment is available in the market to do so. We can make asphalt slabs in the lab and directly perform DF testing on these slabs to obtain the true friction performance of asphalt mixes. Based on DFV, the asphalt mixes can be classified as high, standard and low friction mixes. The pavement designer can choose mixes per need of road surface and accidents due to low road friction will be reduced.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 13 May 2026 09:27:06 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2701240</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Evaluation of pretreatment effects on high-content crumb rubber asphalt binder modified with recycled low-density polyethylene (LDPE)</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2668539</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The utilization of waste materials such as high-content crumb rubber (CR), waste cooking oil (WCO), and low-density polyethylene (LDPE) in asphalt binder significantly reduces environmental waste while providing sustainable environmental and economic advantages for asphalt pavement applications. This paper aims to evaluate the effect of WCO-pretreated CR on the properties of LDPE-modified high-content crumb rubber asphalt binder (HCRMAB) to establish a linear correlation between chemical composition and storage stability. The viscosity tests demonstrated significant reductions in binder viscosity when incorporating 20% pretreated high-content crumb rubber (PHCR) compared to 20% untreated high-content crumb rubber (UHCR). The viscosity decreased by 56.77% at 135 °C, with substantial reductions of 41.73%, 30.84%, 44.12%, and 53.79% observed at 150 °C, 165 °C, 180 °C, and 195 °C, respectively. Storage stability tests indicated that 20% PHCR-modified asphalt binder showed a 93.83% lower softening point variation than 20% UHCR-modified asphalt binder. These results indicate that waste oil pretreatment significantly improves the workability and storage stability of pretreated high-content crumb rubber asphalt binder (PHCRMAB). Moreover, the addition of LDPE to PHCR-modified asphalt binder, particularly the addition of 20% PHCR+4% LDPE+0.60% sulfur, showed enhanced storage stability. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) confirmed chemical interactions during modification, with a strong correlation (R² = 0.96) between storage stability and chemical properties. Results from dynamic shear rheometer (DSR) and bending beam rheometer (BBR) tests revealed LDPE improved high-temperature properties but reduced low-temperature cracking resistance. These findings promote the practical application of pretreated high-content crumb rubber-modified asphalt (PHCRMA) in sustainable pavement construction.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 11 May 2026 08:50:46 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2668539</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Physicochemical mechanisms of asphalt–aggregate interface adhesion: Effects of mineral composition and surface energy</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2666150</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The adhesion and debonding behavior at asphalt–mineral interfaces are controlled by interfacial physicochemical interactions that dictate wetting, adsorption, and moisture susceptibility of these organic–inorganic systems. Although the rheological and colloidal characteristics of asphalt have been widely studied, the influence of mineral surface chemistry and interfacial energetics on adhesion remains insufficiently understood. This study investigated the interfacial adhesion between asphalt and mineral aggregates through a combined experimental and theoretical approach integrating bitumen bond strength (BBS) testing, surface free energy analysis, and zeta potential characterization. Four representative minerals—calcite, dolomite, orthoclase, and quartz—were selected to elucidate the role of mineralogy in interfacial interaction mechanisms. Results show that carbonate minerals (calcite and dolomite) possess higher specific surface areas and more positive surface potentials, enhancing adsorption and electrostatic attraction with asphalt molecules, whereas silicate minerals (orthoclase and quartz) exhibit higher surface polarity and water affinity, leading to moisture-induced debonding. Surface energy calculations further indicate that lower polar and higher dispersive components promote thermodynamically stable adhesion, with calcite exhibiting the smallest adhesion work loss (57.4 %) upon water exposure. These findings advance the understanding of interfacial thermodynamics and charge-mediated adhesion in asphalt–mineral systems and provide fundamental insights for tailoring surface energy and wettability in organic–inorganic composites.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 11 May 2026 08:50:45 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2666150</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Multi-scale correlation model and quantitative evaluation of aggregate-asphalt interface adhesion</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2668672</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The adhesion between aggregate and asphalt is a critical factor influencing the durability of asphalt mixtures. This study aims to reveal the intrinsic influence mechanisms of aggregate oxides and rock-forming minerals on macroscopic adhesion properties from a micro-scale perspective. Three widely used typical aggregates—limestone, basalt, and granite—were selected as research objects. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) was employed to measure the force curves of the aggregate surfaces, five major oxides (SiO₂, CaO, Al₂O₃, MgO, Fe₂O₃), and nine primary rock-forming minerals (such as quartz, feldspar, calcite, chlorite, etc.). Their surface energy and adhesion work were calculated, leading to the development of a multi-factor correlation model linking oxides, rock-forming minerals, and aggregate surface energy. Additionally, Introduced Adhesion Evaluation Index (ER) and the Oxide relative molecular mass Ratio (OR)—were proposed. The findings indicate significant differences in the surface energy among the three aggregates: limestone exhibited the highest (144.76 mJ/m²), followed by basalt (67.39 mJ/m²), and granite the lowest (50.64 mJ/m²). The surface energy of oxides ranked as SiO₂ > MgO > CaO > Fe₂O₃ > Al₂O₃, while that of rock-forming minerals followed the order: chlorite > dolomite > calcite > quartz > pyroxene > mica > amphibole > plagioclase > potassium feldspar. Analysis using the correlation model revealed that the content of MgO and Al₂O₃ among the oxides, and plagioclase and dolomite among the rock-forming minerals, had the most significant impact on aggregate surface energy. Moisture intrusion was identified as a key factor leading to adhesion failure, as it reduces or even results in negative values of the asphalt-aggregate interface debonding work. The newly Introduced ER and OR indices showed strong correlations (R² > 0.9) with conventional water stability evaluation indicators for asphalt mixtures (immersed Marshall stability and freeze-thaw splitting strength ratio). This thoroughly verifies that these indices can effectively and reliably characterize the adhesion performance of the aggregate-asphalt system and accurately predict its resistance to moisture damage. This research provides a solid theoretical foundation and a practical quantitative tool for scientifically selecting aggregates based on chemical composition during the material design phase, thereby enhancing the service performance of asphalt pavements.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 11 May 2026 08:50:45 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2668672</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Application of the Leutner shear test in the adhesion analysis of thin asphalt layers of the micro-surfacing type</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2668649</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Global concerns such as climate change, biodiversity loss, and resource depletion have heightened the demand for sustainable practices in infrastructure. In this context, micro-surfacing is a widely used preventive maintenance treatment that extends pavement life and supports sustainability efforts. However, issues such as cracking, low shear strength, and layer delamination are common, underscoring the need to evaluate interlayer bonding performance. This study investigated the feasibility of using the Leutner shear test to assess the adhesion of micro-surfacing layers. Ninety-six multilayer specimens were fabricated with and without tack coat, using three emulsion types, two substrate types, and three temperature levels. ANOVA and Tukey tests were applied to analyze the influence of temperature, tack coat type, application rate, and substrate. Results showed that temperature was the dominant factor, with shear strength decreasing significantly at 50 °C and in some cases causing layer detachment prior to loading. At 10 °C, the RR-2C emulsion achieved the highest shear strength (0.80 MPa for flexible pavement), representing a 45 % increase over the untreated condition. Test repeatability was classified as good to excellent, with coefficients of variation below 15 % in most scenarios. Overall, the Leutner shear test proved to be a reliable method for characterizing micro-surfacing adhesion and offers potential for incorporation into performance-based pavement design.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 11 May 2026 08:50:45 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2668649</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>A Survey of Small Sea-Surface Target Detection for Maritime Search and Rescue</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2672791</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The detection of small surface targets plays a critical role in maritime search and rescue (SAR) operations, ensuring the safety of people and property at sea. This paper provides a comprehensive review of the latest advancements and research in small sea surface target detection for maritime SAR missions. Deep learning-based models facilitate accurate target detection and localization by transforming image or video frames into high-dimensional abstract representations, enabling effective detection in complex sea surface environments. However, challenges such as occlusion, blurring, and reflections on the sea surface significantly complicate small target detection. To address these challenges, this paper summarizes a range of effective approaches, including context information, multi-scale learning, anchor-free detection, super-resolution, attention mechanisms, and sample-oriented approaches. These approaches aim to enhance the performance of small target detection in applications such as uncrewed aerial vehicles (UAV) and uncrewed supply vessels. Furthermore, this paper classifies small target datasets, providing a detailed overview based on their collection methods and application scenarios, while highlighting representative datasets. Through a thorough analysis of both methodologies and datasets, this paper offers valuable insights and directions for the future development of small target detection technology in maritime search and rescue operations.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Thu, 07 May 2026 11:02:30 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2672791</guid>
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