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    <copyright>Copyright © 2026. National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.</copyright>
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    <managingEditor>tris-trb@nas.edu (Bill McLeod)</managingEditor>
    <webMaster>tris-trb@nas.edu (Bill McLeod)</webMaster>
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      <title>Transport Research International Documentation (TRID)</title>
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    <item>
      <title>Evaluation of Aggregate Durability Performance Test Procedures</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1332702</link>
      <description><![CDATA[In this study, eight aggregate sources were used to assess the ability of various aggregate soundness measures to quantify the performance of carbonate aggregate sources in Arkansas. In addition to aggregate soundness tests, laboratory mixture performance tests were employed to assess the performance of each aggregate when used as the primary aggregate component in asphalt and concrete paving mixtures. In terms of aggregate soundness, several test methods were used to assess the soundness properties of each aggregate source. These methods included: Sodium Sulfate Soundness (AASHTO T 104); Magnesium Sulfate Soundness (AASHTO T 104); Micro-Deval Abrasion (AASHTO T 327); Aggregate Freeze-Thaw (AASHTO T 103); Aggregate Freeze-Thaw (Deep Freeze Method); Coarse Aggregate Absorption Capacity (AASHTO T 85); and Absorption Capacity (Vacuum Saturation Method). Overall, the most advantageous parameter was percent loss by the magnesium sulfate soundness method, according to AASHTO T 104. Although this method was not identified as having the least overall variability, a very low percentage of pure error was associated with this method, unlike its sodium sulfate counterpart. It was identified as one of the most capable methods for ranking aggregate soundness performance (based on known historical performance) and it was also judged as very capable in distinguishing between varying levels of actual aggregate performance.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Thu, 04 Dec 2014 12:16:47 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1332702</guid>
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      <title>Potential Approach to Evaluating Soundness of Concrete Containing MgO-Based Expansive Agent</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/919067</link>
      <description><![CDATA[This paper will discuss how MgO-based expansive agent (MEA) has increasingly been used to compensate for the effects of thermal shrinkage of concrete in China. Long-term soundness of concrete containing MEA attracts much attention; however, the autoclave test, which is used to assess the soundness of cement caused by excessive intrinsic dead-burnt MgO, seems to be inapplicable to the reactive lightly burnt MEA due to its harsh and unreliable autoclaving condition. This study seeks a reasonable accelerated approach for ascertaining the relevant soundness of concrete made with this admixture. The effects of temperature on accelerating the hydration of MEA are investigated by curing cement pastes containing three types of MEA at 25, 40, 60, and 80°C (77, 104, 140, and 176°F) in water, respectively. Results of the expansion measurement of cement pastes and X-ray diffraction analysis on the hydration products of MEA indicate that the hydration of MEA is accelerated most effectively at 80°C (176°F), and it is fully reacted within a short period. This provides a new possible accelerated method. Soundness of concrete prisms containing MEA is investigated under the accelerated condition of 80°C (176°F) and the feasibility of this new approach is discussed.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Fri, 11 Jun 2010 12:05:42 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/919067</guid>
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      <title>Review of TxDOT WWARP Aggregate Classification System</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/890484</link>
      <description><![CDATA[This report documents the findings from a research study that reviewed the Texas Department of Transportation's (TxDOT’s) Wet Weather Skid Accident Reduction Program’s (WWARP’s) aggregate classification system. It evaluated various lab test procedures that are used in the classification of aggregates as well as the field skid resistance performance of 27 different aggregate sources that belonged to synthetic, sandstone, igneous, gravel and carbonate categories. The findings showed that hard, durable aggregates characterized by >80% AIR or <8% MD losses, provided excellent to very good skid resistance regardless of the aggregate residual polish value. In general, all test methods evaluated showed better capability in separating excellent/very good quality aggregates than in identifying very poor/poor quality aggregates. In other words, the special limitation in these test methods was found to be in their ability to classify borderline aggregates into satisfactory and unsatisfactory categories. The WWARP aggregate classification system based on Residual PV, MSS loss and AIR proved to be effective in separating Excellent/Very Good (Class A) from Good/Fair (Class B) materials. However, this classification system failed to separate the few aggregate sources with poor field performance from those with good/fair performance.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 10 Jun 2009 16:49:52 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/890484</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Hamburg Wheel-Tracking Database Analysis</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/850888</link>
      <description><![CDATA[This report outlines statistical analyses done to investigate whether the Hamburg wheel-tracking device (HWTD) can be used to validate durability tests such as the magnesium sulfate soundness (MSS) and Micro-Deval tests. Researchers manipulated and merged the Hamburg test database and aggregate properties database of the Texas Department of Transportation (TxDOT) to provide the basis for statistical analysis. The qualitative visual examinations of plots of aggregate properties and Hamburg wheel-tracking device performance, based on soundness resistance, suggest that MSS and Micro-Deval tests do not correlate well with Hamburg test results. However, single variable correlations between aggregate properties and Hamburg test performance indicate that both soundness and Deval tests have weak correlation with Hamburg test performance in that appropriate trends could be observed with final Hamburg results (deformation or number of wheel passes). These findings suggest that aggregate durability has some influence on the performance of the bituminous mix in the Hamburg test. The effects of aggregate, binder grade, mix type, and additive on HWTD results were also evaluated. The HWTD test parameters investigated included rutting, slope of the rutting curve, and the area beneath the rutting curve at specific cycles. Based on the results of the analysis, it was observed that the dominant factors influencing Hamburg test performance are those that stiffen the mix, particularly stiffer performance grades (PG) and additives such as lime.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 25 Mar 2008 14:38:57 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/850888</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Long-Term Research on Bituminous Coarse Aggregate: Use of Micro-Deval Test for Project Level Aggregate Quality Control</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/809029</link>
      <description><![CDATA[This research evaluated the feasibility of implementing the Micro-Deval (MD) test in the Texas Department of Transportation’s (TxDOT's) Aggregate Quality Monitoring Program (AQMP) for bituminous coarse aggregate. In particular, the research investigated the possibility of using this test as a project level quality control tool. The study included review and analysis of TxDOT’s Materials and Tests Laboratories' AQMP data as well as independent laboratory testing. The findings showed that the Micro-Deval and magnesium sulfate soundness (MSS) tests are not adequately well correlated to allow the MD test to be used as a surrogate test for the MSS test. Alternative variations of the MD test did not yield significant improvement in the strength of the MD-MSS correlation. Based on these findings, it is recommended that an additional specification be introduced based on the MD test and this specification limit be used for the purpose of project level quality control. The excellent repeatability of the MD test allows a smaller tolerance to be used in stockpile testing. Because of its short testing time, the MD test will be an effective project level quality control test.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 16 May 2007 15:42:03 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/809029</guid>
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    <item>
      <title>Implementation of AIMS in Measuring Aggregate Resistance to Polishing, Abrasion and Breakage</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/803632</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The report presents efforts undertaken to help in the implementation of the Aggregate Imaging System (AIMS) in Texas Department of Transportation (TxDOT) operations. These efforts focus on measuring aggregate shape properties and texture of polishing coupons supplied by TxDOT, compilation of a database of aggregate properties measured at TxDOT and Texas Transportation Institute (TTI), and analysis of the aggregate properties. A comparison was conducted between the measurements from the TTI and TxDOT AIMS units, and it was found that there was no statistical difference between the measurements of the two AIMS units. The current method used in the Wet Weather Accident Reduction Program (WWARP) relies on the terminal Polished Value (PV) and magnesium sulfate soundness to classify aggregates. A new method is proposed in this report to better classify aggregates. This method is based on the magnesium sulfate soundness and texture results from AIMS. This method is more sensitive than the current method and allows the aggregates to be spread more evenly in four different categories. The report also includes the development of new methods for measuring aggregate resistance to polishing, abrasion, and breakage. These methods rely on measurements using the Aggregate Imaging System (AIMS) and Micro-Deval. The new method for measuring aggregate resistance to polishing monitors change in aggregate texture as a function of polishing time. The new method for measuring aggregate degradation is capable of distinguishing between breakage and abrasion. The new methods are shown to be rapid and accurate, and they require reasonable training.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Fri, 02 Mar 2007 16:10:03 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/803632</guid>
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    <item>
      <title>ALTERNATE POLISH VALUE AND SOUNDNESS SPECIFICATIONS FOR BITUMINOUS COARSE AGGREGATES</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/502432</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Polish value and 5-cycle magnesium sulfate soundness are the primary quality requirements in current Texas Department of Transportation (TxDOT) specifications for bituminous coarse aggregate sources in two critical categories - (I) aggregates with high polish value but poor skid performance, and (II) aggregates with low polish value but good performance.  Primary findings and recommendations of this study include the following:  (1) TxDOT's current polish value specification and skid history program are inadequate to support its wet weather skid accident reduction program.  (2) Equipment and procedural deficiencies in TxDOT's Test Method Tex-438-A, "Accelerated Polish Test for Coarse Aggregate," are significant.  Correction of these deficiencies together with the use of residual polish value will greatly improve the repeatability and reliability of polish value testing.  (3) A highly significant predication equation for skid performance has been developed using a combination of residual polish value and 5-cycle magnesium sulfate soundness loss of bituminous coarse aggregates.  (4) Guidelines for aggregate selection and alternate polish value and soundness specifications are developed to encompass design, material and construction variables.  (5) Blending aggregates to achieve differential wear and durable surface friction is a viable option to satisfy both the engineering and economic considerations.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 19 Jul 1999 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/502432</guid>
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      <title>RAPID FREEZING AND THAWING TEST FOR AGGREGATE</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/110480</link>
      <description><![CDATA[THIS REPORT DESCRIBES A FREEZING AND THAWING PROCEDURE WHICH REQUIRES ABOUT THE SAME TEST PERIOD AS THE SULFATE SOUNDNESS TEST. THE ACCELERATED ACTION OF THIS TEST RESULTED FROM THE USE OF A WATER-ALCOHOL SOLUTION AS THE FREEZING MEDIUM RATHER THAN WATER. A HOME-TYPE FREEZER WAS FOUND TO BE SUITABLE FOR CONDUCTING SUCH A FREEZING AND THAWING PROCEDURE. THE RESULTS OF FREEZING AND THAWING 27 DIFFERENT MATERIALS BY THE WATER-ALCOHOL METHOD SHOWED THAT 16 CYCLES OF THE METHOD ARE EQUAL IN SEVERITY TO 5 CYCLES OF THE SULFATE SOUNDNESS TESTS AND ARE MUCH MORE SEVERE THAN 50 CYCLES OF FREEZING AND THAWING IN WATER. FREEZING AND THAWING IN THE WATER-ALCOHOL SOLUTION, HOWEVER, RESULTED IN A DIFFERENT ORDER OF SOUNDNESS BEING INDICATED FOR THE VARIOUS MATERIALS THAN WHEN WATER WAS USED. THE RESULTS OF THE SULFATE SOUNDNESS TEST DID NOT CORRELATE CLOSELY WITH ANY OF THE FREEZING AND THAWING PROCEDURES. /AUTHOR/]]></description>
      <pubDate>Fri, 19 Aug 1994 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/110480</guid>
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