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    <title>Transport Research International Documentation (TRID)</title>
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    <language>en-us</language>
    <copyright>Copyright © 2026. National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.</copyright>
    <docs>http://blogs.law.harvard.edu/tech/rss</docs>
    <managingEditor>tris-trb@nas.edu (Bill McLeod)</managingEditor>
    <webMaster>tris-trb@nas.edu (Bill McLeod)</webMaster>
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      <title>Transport Research International Documentation (TRID)</title>
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      <link>https://trid.trb.org/</link>
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    <item>
      <title>EQUIPMENT DESIGN FOR PORT USE</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/80974</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The range of equipment in port use is briefly outlined, and its main requirements are discussed.  In the section on equipment used in general cargo areas the author considers the quayside electric portal crane, the mobile crane, the electric platform truck and the fork lift truck.  He examines, in the next section on container terminal equipment, the quay based ship-to-shore container crane, the straddle carrier and its associated problems, the side-loader, the terminal tractor and trailer, travelling gantry and rail mounted cranes and fork lift trucks.  With regard to Ro-Ro operations the author considers the ro-ro version of the terminal tractor.  Future developments and requirements are also set out.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Thu, 27 Feb 2003 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/80974</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>A COMPARISON BETWEEN CONVENTIONAL AND ADVANCED HANDLING SYSTEMS FOR LOW VOLUME CONTAINER MARITIME TERMINALS</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/481208</link>
      <description><![CDATA[In this paper a conventional low volume maritime terminal equipped with straddle carriers is compared against an advanced automatic stacking crane/automatic guided vehicle alternative. For both configurations a convenient layout was designed, a reasonable level of service was adopted and the required amount of equipment was determined using computer simulation.  The results indicate that the total cost per container and the area requirements do not differ considerably between the two configurations although there exist differences in the investment capital and the personnel required.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 19 Mar 1997 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/481208</guid>
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    <item>
      <title>A CONTAINER TERMINAL SIMULATION MODEL WITH ANIMATION CAPABILITIES</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/461976</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The objective of this paper is to introduce a computer simulation model with on-screen animation graphics which can simulate the operations of a container terminal equipped with straddle carriers.  The movements  of the equipment are simulated as realistically as possible, to include time losses due to the mismatch in the sequence of equipment movements and to traffic congestion.  Trucks are normally served in a special area, but in some cases, straddle carrier drivers can call the truck to be served directly in the container storage areas.  The experience of operators is incorporated in the model, in the form of a knowledge base, that is used to simulate the above process and determine the service discipline.  The model was designed to evaluate different configurations of the simulated system.  The proposed model was used to examine the differences between "the observed" operations strategy and the strategy dictated by the operational rules of the port of Piraeus.  The results indicate that "the observed" strategy leads to shorter truck service time but increases the traffic conflicts in the terminal's internal transportation networks.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Sat, 22 Jun 1996 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/461976</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>STACKING DENSITIES ASSESSED</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/391844</link>
      <description><![CDATA[This article summarizes a study entitled "The Freight Container Terminal:  a stacking zone utilization analysis," by M. Caldentey, comparing the stacking densities and operating speeds of five types of container-handling machinery: widespan and medium gantry cranes, straddle carriers, fork lift trucks, and telescopic reach stackers.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Thu, 21 Jul 1994 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/391844</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>ELECTRONIC DATA PROCESSING AND THE HANDLING OF CONTAINERS AT MARITIME TERMINALS</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/394710</link>
      <description><![CDATA[It is an established fact that with the breakthrough of containerization in ports, the volume of information has increased manyfold. To process such a mountain of information efficiently, many terminals have introduced electronic data processing. This presentation aims at describing the application of EDP in a medium- sized container terminal (the Hessenatie terminal in Antwerp) without dealing with the technical aspects of computer systems in too much detail.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Thu, 21 Jul 1994 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/394710</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>PORT ENGINEERING SEMINAR</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/396624</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Topics covered at this conference include: future trends in container design; terminal automation; terminal information systems; new developments in container handling equipment; and terminal planning. For selected individual papers, see AN 479-A1 through AN 479-A14.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Thu, 21 Jul 1994 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/396624</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>MOBILE EQUIPMENT MAINTENANCE</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/396634</link>
      <description><![CDATA[This paper deals in some detail with the maintenance of straddle carriers at the author's firm, Hessenatie-Neptunus BV, Netherlands. Topics covered include maintenance objectives; the over-all maintenance scheme; daily maintenance routine; maintenance personnel; and maintenance costs.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Thu, 21 Jul 1994 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/396634</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>INTERMODAL HANDLING EQUIPMENT GUIDE</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/401102</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The intermodal transportation industry depends upon container- handling equipment such as gantry cranes, port tractors, and straddle carriers to help transfer containers from one mode to another, and this equipment is continually being improved to boost productivity. This 1988 review describes the product lines of various leading manufacturers in the container-handling equipment field and offers photographs of selected products.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Thu, 21 Jul 1994 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/401102</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>STRADS--95% AVAILABILITY SOON</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/403331</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The new emphasis in the design of straddle carriers is on ergonomics and maintenance systems. This represents a significant change from the days when the early straddle carriers had an unenviable reputation for unreliability and complexity, and associated high maintenance and repair costs. The new designs are reducing the frequency of breakdowns to the point where, for high throughput terminals, machine availability exceeds the 95% mark.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Thu, 21 Jul 1994 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/403331</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>STACKING TECHNOLOGIES FOR INTERMODAL OPERATIONS</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/284037</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Design and operational features of yard gantry cranes and straddle carriers are explained, stressing in particular the progress made in the past 5 years. This equipment is reported to permit higher stack densities and require less operating space than other types of container-handling equipment. The straddle carrier, apart from fulfilling the double requirement of stacking and loading in a flexible fashion, is also considered an excellent vehicle for container transport. Current standards of engineering design, reliability, and maintenance characteristics have reached a high level. However, there is available no general or ultimate rule for system selection. Feasibility studies considering cost calculation and operational evaluation turn out differently under different conditions. Often the results are found to be quite close. The basic considerations of such investigations are outlined in this paper. The final choice of system and equipment, however, will remain with the user and this choice may sometimes be difficult. In any case there is excellent equipment to choose from in designing a container port or intermodal facility.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Fri, 31 Jul 1987 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/284037</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>CURRENT HANDLING EQUIPMENT--EXPERIENCE TO DATE</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/166206</link>
      <description><![CDATA[A wide range of different types of container handling equipment has been developed, but the most commonly used types in operation today are trailer storage and straddle carriers, front end loaders and yard gantry cranes, either rail mounted or rubber tyred.  After introducing these the author reviews the advantages and disadvantages of each system, and outlines the selection criteria for each from the point of view of both the engine and the operator. There is a substantial difference in the engineering and operating characteristics of fixed path equipment and mobile plant.  Different types of terminal operation are then reviewed, and the reasons traced for the substantial difference which exists between a manufacturer's assessment of machine potential and the work rates achieved in terminal operations.  A rough indication of the potential and actual handling rates for various items of plant is given in tabular form.  A comparison of equipment handling costs is presented, to show the difference between mobile and plant operations and craneage systems, and the effect of the two different methods of operation on costs, space requirements and operational considerations.  This comparison is based on a typical deep-sea containers terminal with an annual throughput of 120,000 units comprising 40% 40 ft and 60% 20 ft containers.  The results are presented in six different tables.  The author concludes with an overview of current practice and future trends.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 15 Apr 1981 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/166206</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>CONTAINER TERMINALS: SAFE WORKING PRACTICES</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/155927</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Practical guidance is given to employers and workers concerned with handling freight containers in docks and other terminals where straddle carriers and other mechanical handling appliances are used.  Nine sections cover the container terminal area, movement control systems, drivers' medical requirements and training, all aspects of container handling in the terminal, operational and safe areas, and control procedures in emergencies.  The Appendix describes a model permit-to-enter system.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 08 Oct 1980 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/155927</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>HANDLING EQUIPMENT -- NEW SOLUTIONS TO TODAY'S NEEDS</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/159872</link>
      <description><![CDATA[While Japanese manufacturers are concerned to develop the right equipment for tomorrow's handling needs, as evidenced by the development work in the automated field discussed earlier, they also place a lot of development emphasis on keeping pace wth today's needs.  The range of products discussed in the article highlights this discipline.  They include IHI Universe cranes, a Mitsui wireless data transmission system, a new straddle carrier from Mitsubishi, a TCM straddle carrier, and a container crane anti-sway device from Sumitomo.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 08 Oct 1980 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/159872</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>THE NEW STRADDLE CARRIERS AND A COMPARISON WITH OTHER SYSTEMS</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/153654</link>
      <description><![CDATA[In part one the author identifies the three main problems responsible for the early loss of confidence in straddle carriers and lists seven factors which, he claims, "not all manufacturers have been so careful to avoid".  He comments on the machines of various manufacturers:-Nellen, Brisband Wharves, Valmet, Raygo-Wagner, Peiner, TCM, Mitsubishi, Drott and Ferranti, indicating major modifications made and any specific areas of weakness; details of the models are tabulated in the Appendix.  He also recommends the elimination of obvious areas of weakness and refers to the limitations of this type of machine.  In part two "Comparison with Other Systems", (from which the trailer system and sideloader are excluded) the source of technical and operating information is given.  Basic parameters of the terminal model used are listed in the Appendix.  Operating and maintenance costs are tabulated as are capital costs and land requirements for operating the various systems. Another factor affecting the suitability of both the straddle carrier and the rubber tyred crane, its strongest competitor, is "customer service" and equipment handling rates are given in Table IV.  The author includes comments on the high density stacking rail crane and ends with a summary of the various systems examined, listing the advantages of the straddle carrier system.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Thu, 26 Jun 1980 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/153654</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>LOW COST CONTAINER HANDLING EQUIPMENT FOR LOW THROUGHPUT SITUATIONS</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/153658</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Methods of lifting and moving containers at low cost and equipment available to increase container stuffing efficiency are surveyed.  First generation container handling machines of different manufacture are described and a list is provided of factors governing the performance of low throughput handling equipment.  Among the low cost equipment mentioned are the Universal trolley gantry, the Kippcon tipping and handling unit, the WEW device and container lifting legs.  For road/rail applications the new ULS system, the Klaus Portal-Kran Mobile and other chassis mounted side lift equipment are mentioned.  A section is devoted to straddle carriers while another refers to platform-trailers and the Swedish Cont-Roller.  Other specialised equipment is listed with illustrations.  Section 4 "Container Stuffing and Stripping Equipment" provides a minimum recommended specification for the forklift truck and its attachments with a review of other equipment available for storage of goods in containers.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Thu, 26 Jun 1980 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/153658</guid>
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