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    <title>Transport Research International Documentation (TRID)</title>
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    <copyright>Copyright © 2026. National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.</copyright>
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    <managingEditor>tris-trb@nas.edu (Bill McLeod)</managingEditor>
    <webMaster>tris-trb@nas.edu (Bill McLeod)</webMaster>
    <image>
      <title>Transport Research International Documentation (TRID)</title>
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      <link>https://trid.trb.org/</link>
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    <item>
      <title>INTERRELATION BETWEEN DESIGN AND METHODS OF CONSTRUCTION FOR ELEVATED HIGHWAYS</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/102835</link>
      <description><![CDATA[THE INTERACTION BETWEEN DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION IS PART OF THE PROCESS OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF NEW CONSTRUCTION FORMS. IF THIS PROCESS IS TO FUNCTION PROPERLY, MORE ATTENTION SHOULD BE PAID TO THE FEEDBACK FROM CONSTRUCTION TO DESIGN. VARIOUS CONSTRUCTION SYSTEMS FOR BRIDGES ARE BRIEFLY DESCRIBED VIZ: ON-THE-GROUND, MOVEABLE SCAFFOLDING. 2) CAST-IN- PLACE SPAN- BY-SPAN CONSTRUCTION WITH THE AID OF SUSPENDED, SELF- LAUNCHING FORMWORK CARRIER. 3) CAST-IN-PLACE SEGMENTAL CANTILEVER CONSTRUCTION. 4) PREFABRICATED BEAMS. 5) PRECAST SEGMENTAL CONSTRUCTION SUPPORTED BY SCAFFOLDING. 6) PRECAST SEGMENTAL CANTILEVER CONSTRUCTION. 7) SELF-LAUNCHING PIECEMEAL SYSTEM (GERMAN "TAKTSCHIEBEVERFAHREN").  IN THE SECTION OF THE STATICALLY DETERMINED SYSTEM, ATTENTION IS PAID TO THE DEVELOPMENT OF A JOINT CONSTRUCTION WHICH WILL NOT INTERRUPT TRAFFIC.  THIS CAN HAVE FAVORABLE CONSEQUENCES FOR THOSE SYSTEMS WHICH MAKE USE OF A GREAT NUMBER OF JOINTS. MENTION IS MADE OF SOME SOLUTIONS FOR CONNECTING THE SUPERSTRUCTURE TO CONCENTRATED PIER COLUMNS. THE WRITER IS OF THE OPINION THAT AT PRESENT THERE IS NOT MUCH POINT IN FURTHERING THE DEVELOPMENT OF PRESTRESSING AS FAR AS THE DEVELOPMENT OF BRIDGE CONSTRUCTION IS CONCERNED.  /TRRL/]]></description>
      <pubDate>Thu, 11 Apr 2002 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/102835</guid>
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      <title>REINFORCED EARTH BRIDGE PIERS ON HIGHLY COMPRESSIBLE SOIL</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/161279</link>
      <description><![CDATA[This article describes the design, construction and behaviour of a structure resting directly on soft alluvial soil, which used the reinforced earth technique.  The structure, a statically determinate bridge, forms part of the Bilbao-Behobie motorway and is situated on the left bank of the Bidassoa.  The behaviour of the reinforced earth masses which form the bridge piers, was satisfactory although overall settlements of the order of one metre, that led to differential settlements of 2%, were measured. This shows the ability of reinforced earth to solve difficult foundation problems at a lower cost than conventional methods.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 12 Jun 2000 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/161279</guid>
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    <item>
      <title>AMERICAN TRUSS BRIDGE CONNECTIONS IN THE 19TH CENTURY. II: 1850-1900</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/576333</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Following the introduction of iron in the 1840s, bridge companies came to dominate bridge procurement.  Their designs featured proprietary compressive elements and joint details. As analysis of statically determinate trusses evolved into an ordinary skill, statically indeterminate forms and prestressing fell into disuse.  The statically determinate "American pinned truss" with built-up compressive elements and eyebars became the mainstream design.  American fabricators produced ductile eyebars with extraordinary dimensional accuracy.  However, all-riveted lattice trusses, principally designed by New York Central Railroad engineers, provided competition.  In general, such designs performed satisfactorily and helped to calibrate approximate design procedures for riveted joints.  The development of shop and field riveting equipment finally made riveted, gusset-plate connections practical by the turn of the century.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Fri, 08 Aug 1997 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/576333</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>STABILITY AND INFLUENCE VECTORS OF TRUSSES</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/105345</link>
      <description><![CDATA[THE NECESSARY AND SUFFICIENT CONDITIONS FOR GEOMETRICAL STABILITY OF PLANE TRUSS CONSTRUCTIONS, EITHER STATICALLY DETERMINATE, OR INDETERMINATE, ARE PRESENTED. THE PROCEDURE OF TESTING STABILITY INVOLVES ONLY THE VELOCITY ANALYSIS OF RIGID BODIES. AFTER REMOVING THE REDUNDANTS /IF ANY/ AND AN ADDITIONAL REACTION COMPONENT, THE STRUCTURE BECOMES A MECHANISM HAVING A SINGLE DEGREE OF FREEDOM. ASSIGN AN ARBITRARY PERMISSIBLE VELOCITY TO A LINK OF THE MECHANISM. THE VELOCITIES OF A FEW POINTS CAN BE USED AS THE CRITERIA FOR STABILITY. THE COLLARIES OF THE CRITERIA ARE GIVEN IN TERMS OF THE INSTANTANEOUS CENTERS OF THE MECHANISM. FUTHERMORE, THE FORCE SYSTEMS THAT CAN BE SUSTAINED BY AN UNSTABLE STRUCTURE IN ITS OWN ORIGINAL FORM ARE ASSERTED. THE CONCEPT OF INFLUENCE VECTORS IS INTRODUCED. THE DOT PRODUCT OF A FORCE VECTOR AND THE APPROPRIATE INFLUENCE VECTOR OF A QUANTITY IS EQUAL TO THAT AMOUNT OF THE QUANTITY PRODUCED BY THE FORCE. THE PROCEDURE OF TESTING STABILITY CAN BE USED TO ESTABLISH INFLUENCE VECTORS OR INFLUENCE-VECTORS DIAGRAMS FOR STATICALLY DETERMINABLE QUANTITIES. /ASCE/]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 05 Sep 1994 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/105345</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>FUNDAMENTALS OF STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/386181</link>
      <description><![CDATA[This textbook begins with a full presentation of the classical methods and an introduction to modern matrix methods. The material is presented in a logical sequence progressing from simple structure types and analysis methods, to more complex structures and comprehensive methods.  Emphasis is placed on discrete problems of limited scope to illustrate foundational principles that will serve to enhance the understanding of more inclusive and powerful methods.  The various chapters cover the following: orientation (basic concepts of strucutral analysis); analysis of statically determinate structures; deflections of structures; analysis of statically indeterminate structures; and matrix methods of analysis.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 09 Mar 1994 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/386181</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>DESIGN OF PRESTRESSED CONCRETE</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/355572</link>
      <description><![CDATA[In this book a detailed description and explanation of the behaviour of prestressed concrete members and structures both at service loads and at ultimate loads is presented. The design criteria and procedures contained in several major building codes, including ACI (American Concrete Institute) 318-83; British Standard BS 8110; and Australian Standard AS 3600-1988, are also presented.  Chapter 1 introduces the basic concepts of prestressed concrete and the limit states design philosophies used in USA, UK, European and Australian practice.  Material properties relevant to design are discussed in Chapter 2.  A comprehensive treatment of the design of prestressed concrete beams for serviceability is presented in Chapter 3. Chapters 4 and 5 deal with the design of members for strength in bending, shear, and torsion, and Chapter 6 covers the design of anchorage zones in both pretensioned and post-tensioned members.  A guide to the design of composite prestressed concrete beams is provided in Chapter 7, and includes a detailed worked example of the analysis of a composite trough girder footbridge.  Chapters 8 and 9 cover statically determinate and indeterminate beams. Chapters 10 and 11 provide a detailed exposition of the analysis and design of two way slab systems.  The behaviour of axially loaded members is dealt with in the last chapter. (TRRL)]]></description>
      <pubDate>Sun, 30 Jun 1991 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/355572</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>OPTIMUM CHOICE OF DETERMINATE TRUSSES UNDER MULTIPLE LOADS</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/59984</link>
      <description><![CDATA[An algorithm for choosing the least-weight statically determined configuration of a given truss under two loading conditions is presented.  The procedure is based on modifying the optimal truss, under the same conditions. This latter truss is, in general, indeterminate statiscally and can be easily obtained, using a decomposition method beliefly reviewed in the paper.  At every cycle of the procedure one bar (or more) is eliminated, thus yielding an optimal truss with a lower degree of indeterminacy, until the final solution is reached.  The relationship between this method and an interactive fully-stressed design procedure is examined, and an example is given.  The topology of the problem is covered in an appendix. Extension to more than two loading conditions is suggested. Besides the merits of statically determinate trusses in certain structures and conditions, the least-weight truss and least-weight determinate truss provide useful bounds on the truss weight and can be used as criteria for efficient design. /Author/]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 07 Mar 1978 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/59984</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>MECHANICS OF SOLIDS AND STRUCTURES</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/46628</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The first part of this book deals with fundamental principles of the theoretical analysis of stress and strain, and applies these principles to common engineering problems. The chapter headings of Part 1 are: (1) Statically determinate frames and beams; (2) Statically determinate stress systems; (3) Stress-strain relations; (4) Displacements in statically determinate structures; (5) Statically indeterminate stress systems; (6) bending: stresses; (7) Bending: slope and deflection; (8) Elastic strain energy; (9) Theory of torsion; (10) Statically indeterminate beams and frames; (11) Buckling instability; (12) Stress and strain transformation and relationships; (13) Analysis of variation of stress and strain; (14) Some applications of the equilibrium and strain-displacement relationships; (15) Theories of yielding; (16) Thin plates and shells; (17) Stress concentration; (18) Elementary plastic and viscoelastic analyses. Part 2 deals with mechanical properties and testing of materials, and consists of the following chapters: (19) Tension, compression and torsion; (20) Hardness and other tests; (21) Toughness and unstable fracture; (22) Fatigue; (23) Creep; (24) Non-metallic materials.  Part 3 covers some of the most common methods used in experimental analysis of stress and strain, and is presented under the following chapter headings: (25) Resistance strain gauges; (26) Photoelasticity; (27) Other methods of strain measurement. /TRRL/]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 09 Nov 1977 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/46628</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF 50TH PERCENTILE INTERNATIONAL TEST DUMMIES. VOLUME III</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/49056</link>
      <description><![CDATA[An experimental program was conducted to gather data on the performance of (4) four International 50th Percentile Test Dummies. Currently available 50th percentile Hybrid II dummy was used as a baseline for comparison purposes. Part 572 static and dynamic tests as well as (39) thirty-nine sled tests in four different configurations were performed. Volume VI of this report presents statistical analysis of the data generated during the sled test program.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Fri, 17 Jun 1977 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/49056</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>CALCULATION OF STATICALLY DETERMINATE STRUCTURES BY MEANS OF MATRICES</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/39640</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Details are given of the use of matrices to calculate statically determinate spatial structures. The method is based on the formulation of rigidity and flexibility matrices. The latter are utilized to compute the strength and displacements of the structures studied. /TRRL/]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 30 Sep 1975 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/39640</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>THE STABILITY OF EARTH AND ROCKFILL DAMS-ANALYSIS BY A MODIFIED METHOD OF SLICES</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/140708</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The method described is applicable to any earth or rockfill dam and applies the vertical slice technique in such a way, that the equilibrium of each slice in succession can be analysed by methods applicable to statically determinate problems.  To made this possible, a concept of factor of safety, different from that normally used is adopted and in addition, inclinations are assumed for a single resultant of all the forces acting on each interslice face. Unless the inclinations assumed for these interslice force resultants are well chosen, the lines of action determined for some of them will be in quite impossible positions, even outside the dam.  Any reasonable assumptions for the factor of safety.  The method has been programmed for reasonable locations of all resultants and all slices being in static equilibrium give virtually the same computed factor of safety.  The Method has been programmed for solution by computer.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Thu, 27 Feb 1975 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/140708</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>SEISMIC AND STATIC MODULUS OF ROCK MASSES</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/127714</link>
      <description><![CDATA[EXPLORATION OF SITES BY SEISMIC METHODS PROVIDES THE INVESTIGATOR WITH VALUES OF ELASTIC WAVE PROPAGATION VELOCITIES IN THE MEDIUM. IT WOULD BE ADVANTAGEOUS TO DETERMINE THE DEFORMATION PROPERTIES OF ROCK MASSES FROM THESE VELOCITIES ON A LARGE SCALE. THE VALUES OF SEISMIC AND STATIC ELASTICITY MODULUS ARE DIFFERENT AND THE CAUSES OF THE DIFFERENCES ARE EXPLAINED. USING SIMULTANEOUS COMPARATIVE MEASUREMENTS, A CORRELATION BETWEEN SEISMIC AND STATIC ELASTICITY MODULI WAS ESTABLISHD WHICH FOR SOLID ROCK MASSES IS QUITE SATISFACTORY. SOME OTHER RELATIONS BETWEEN THE RESULTS OF SEISMIC MEASUREMENTS AND THE PROPERTIES OF ROCK MASSES, AS WELL AS QUESTIONS WHICH ARE TO BE FURTHER INVESTIGATED, ARE DISCUSSED. /AUTHOR/]]></description>
      <pubDate>Sun, 11 Jun 1972 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/127714</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>CREEP DEFLECTION OF REINFORCED CONCRETE BEAMS</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/105758</link>
      <description><![CDATA[A PROCEDURE IS OUTLINED FOR PREDICTING THE TIME-DEPENDENT DEFLECTION OF STATICALLY DETERMINATE, SINGLY REINFORCED CONCRETE BEAMS SUBJECTED EITHER TO LONG-TERM SUBSTAINED LOAD OR TO REPEATED CYCLES OF SUSTAINED LOAD. CREEP BEHAVIOR OF PLAIN CONCRETE IS REPRESENTED BY MEANS OF A LINEAR VISCOELASTIC MODE. NUMERICAL SOLUTIONS ARE OBTAINED FOR THE RESULTING SYSTEM OF EQUILIBRUIM EQUATIONS; GRAPHS GIVING PEAK VALUES OF DEFLECTION, NEUTRAL AXIS LOCATION, AND CONCRETE AND STEEL STRESSES ARE PRESENTED. THE TIME HISTORY OF EACH VARIABLE IS FITTED WITH AN EXPONENTIAL, AND NOMOGRAPHS ARE GIVEN TO DEFINE THE VALUES OF THE EXPONENTS. A PROCEDURE IS PRESENTED FOR USING THIS DATA TO COMPUTE THE RESPONSE OF BEAMS SUBJECTED TO CYCLES OF SUSTAINED LOAD. /AUTHOR/]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 08 Feb 1971 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/105758</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>HORIZONTAL THERMAL MOVEMENTS OF CURVED BRIDGE DECKS</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/105743</link>
      <description><![CDATA[THE DISPLACEMENTS OF THE BOUNDARIES OF SKEWED AND CURVED BRIDGES RESULTING FROM TEMPERATURE CHANGE OF THE BRIDGE DECK DEPEND ON THE LATERAL SUPPORT SYSTEM OF THE SUPERSTRUCTURE. TO AVOID HIGH INTERNAL STRESSES IN A REDUNDANT LATERAL SUPPORT SYSTEM DUE TO TEMPERATURE CHANGE OF THE (SUPERSTRUCTURE, AND TO PREDICT THE BOUNDARY DISPLACEMENTS, A STATICALLY DETERMINATE LATERAL SUPPORT SYSTEM) IS PROPOSED. EQUATIONS ARE DERIVED TO COMPUTE THE BOUNDARY DISPLACEMENTS FOR THE DETERMINATE LATERAL SUPPORT SYSTEM AND SUGGESTIONS ARE MADE FOR A SUITABLE ARRANGEMENT OF THIS SYSTEM. THE EFFECT ON THE DISPLACEMENTS IS PRESENTED FOR TWO DIFFERENT LATERAL SUPPORT SYSTEMS. THE USE OF A STATICALLY DETERMINATE LATERAL SUPPORT SYSTEM PERMITS THE COMPUTATION OF THE TEMPERATURE DISPLACEMENTS AND THE LATERAL SUPPORT FORCES OF THE SUPERSTRUCTURE FOR THE CORRECT DESIGN OF BEARINGS. /ASCE/]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 02 Dec 1970 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/105743</guid>
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