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    <title>Transport Research International Documentation (TRID)</title>
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    <copyright>Copyright © 2026. National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.</copyright>
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    <managingEditor>tris-trb@nas.edu (Bill McLeod)</managingEditor>
    <webMaster>tris-trb@nas.edu (Bill McLeod)</webMaster>
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      <title>Transport Research International Documentation (TRID)</title>
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      <title>BRAKING AND ACCELERATION FORCES ON BRIDGES AND INTERACTIONS BETWEEN TRACK AND STRUCTURES. BRAKING</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/15534</link>
      <description><![CDATA[This report contains the most significant results of the starting and braking force measurements, carried out on seven different railway bridges.  The experimental and theoretical studies of the different parameters have led to the establishment of new rules permitting the performance of railway bridges to be better defined taking into account the starting and braking forces.  The study has primarily been focused on the following parameters: the vertical load, the apparent coefficient of adhesion, the influence of rails, the type of bearing devices and the length of the bridge structures.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 21 May 1980 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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      <title>BRAKING AND STARTING FORCES ON BRIDGES AND INTERACTIONS BETWEEN TRACK AND BRIDGES. THEORETICAL STUDIES AND CALCULATIONS CONCERNING THE EFFECTS OF LONGITUDINAL FORCES ON TRACKS AND BRIDGES DUE TO STARTING AND BRAKING</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/15515</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The report describes studies carried out by OBB abd relating to the effect of horizontal forces on tracks and bridges. The differential equation for the horizontally loaded track is solved in closed form and a computer program for calculating the rail forces at the ends of the support structure is given.  Theory is compared with test results. The governing influence of the track itself on the magnitude of the longitudinal rail forces above the bearings is confirmed.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 19 Dec 1979 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/15515</guid>
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      <title>BRAKING AND ACCELERATION FORCES ON BRIDGES AND INTERACTION BETWEEN TRACK AND STRUCTURE. STARTING AND BRAKING TESTS ON A REINFORCED CONCRETE THREE-SPAN BRIDGE WITH NEOPRENE BEARINGS</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/15514</link>
      <description><![CDATA[This report presents the results of braking and starting measurements taken on a reinforced concrete hyperstatic three-span bridge consisting of two adjacent but independent 35 m decks, one carrying track laid on the ballast and the other with the track laid direct, with special neoprene bearings.  The report describes with the distribution of the braking and starting forces in the abutments, the piers and the rails, with different locations of the fixed bearings and with different continuous and discontinuous rail configurations for each of the two types of deck.  It also indicates the measured values of the thrusts transmitted to the ground in the case of the deck with ballasted track.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 28 Aug 1979 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/15514</guid>
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      <title>BRAKING AND ACCELERATION FORCES ON BRIDGES AND INTERACTION BETWEEN TRACK AND STRUCTURE. BRAKING AND STARTING TESTS ON A CFF TWO-SPAN (2X15M CONTINUOUS BEAMS) CONCRETE BRIDGE BALLASTED TRACK</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/15399</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The report gives results of measurements obtained in braking and starting tests on a two-span concrete bridge with continuous ballast bed, each span being 15 m.  The distribution of braking and starting forces in abutments, piers, rails and ballast bed is shown.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Thu, 04 Aug 1977 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/15399</guid>
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      <title>BRAKING AND ACCELERATION FORCES ON BRIDGES. MAGNITUDE AND DISTRIBUTION OF BRAKING AND STARTING FORCES IN THE TRACK</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/15132</link>
      <description><![CDATA[This report describes tests made by the NS to ascertain the magnitude of the longitudinal forces during braking and their distribution in ballasted track.  Measurements were taken during braking and starting of a locomotive on standard track.  The tests confirmed that the greatest braking forces were produced at the moment the vehicle was stopped.  Maximum value of the coefficient of friction during braking was mu = 0.33 and, that during starting, mu = 0.37.  It was also shown that a significant portion of the longitudinal force is transmitted through the rails and hence to the permanent way ahead and behind the locomotive. Comparison of corresponding values gave conditions similar to those determined by the D 71 Committee in another connection.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 27 Apr 1977 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/15132</guid>
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    <item>
      <title>BRAKING AND ACCELERATION FORCES ON BRIDGES. MEASUREMENT AND EVALUATION METHODS</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/15134</link>
      <description><![CDATA[This report describes measurement and calculation methods for determining the transmission of braking and starting forces to the rails, bearings and footings of bridges.  A code of procedure including tabulation is given for uniform presentation.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 17 Nov 1976 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/15134</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>BRAKING AND ACCELERATION FORCES ON BRIDGES. BRAKING AND STARTING TESTS ON THREE UNBALLASTED STEEL BRIDGES OF ABOUT 15, 30 AND 60 METRE SPAN</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/15135</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Results from tests of three unballasted steel bridges are given and compared.  The distribution of braking and starting forces through bearings and rails is revealed and the effects of span length and arrangement of track connections.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 17 Nov 1976 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/15135</guid>
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