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    <title>Transport Research International Documentation (TRID)</title>
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    <copyright>Copyright © 2026. National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.</copyright>
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    <managingEditor>tris-trb@nas.edu (Bill McLeod)</managingEditor>
    <webMaster>tris-trb@nas.edu (Bill McLeod)</webMaster>
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      <title>FREIGHT CARS: SEEKING NEW SOLUTIONS</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/160788</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Greater specialization and the search for better net to gross load ratios will continue to be major factors affecting freight car design in the present decade.  But manufacturers and railways will continue to seek solutions to the negative problem posed by specialization: long and costly empty car runs when return loads of the right type cannot be found.  One solution is to design a car which, though highly specialized, can quickly be adapted for a different return load.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Fri, 06 Feb 1981 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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      <title>THE NATIONWIDE CLEARINGHOUSE</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/160067</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Status of the recommendations and experiments of the AAR Freight Car Utilization Program is described.  A proposal to make all general-service cars freely loadable has been made; a preliminary step has been the so-called Clearinghouse group of 11 railroads where the concept has been under test. Other experiments include a current investigation of about such special-pkurpose equipment.  Specific recommendations have been made on means of increasing car productivity; unit trains and contracted services can help but an area of concern is individual car movements.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 30 Dec 1980 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/160067</guid>
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      <title>THERMAL CAR COVERS WITH CERAMIC FIBER LINING IMPROVE CONTROL AND OUTPUT OF STEEL AT REPUBLIC MILL</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/154004</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Covered flatbed rail cars, resembling Quonset huts on wheels, have helped Republic Steel's Primary Mill in Chicago increase output, improve scheduling and enhance metallurgical properties.  The insulated cars, replace burial pits for slow cooling unfinished steel in a controlled environment.  The covers consist of a relatively thin steel outer shell lined with ceramic fiber blanket. These covered cars give such fine cooling control that billet rejection due to flaking and splitting is reduced by 30% or more, and not as many heats are lost.  The cooling rate is about 20 deg F per hour, or from 1600 deg F to 600 deg F over a 48-hr period.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Thu, 26 Jun 1980 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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      <title>FREIGHT CAR CONVERTED TO CERAMIC FIBER LINED CARBOTTOM FURNACE</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/154005</link>
      <description><![CDATA[A Reading Railroad's freight car has been converted into probably the largest commercial heat treating carbottom furnace in the Delaware Valley.  The unit is 9.5 ft high, 10.5 ft wide and 40 ft long and has a 150,000 lb capacity per heat.  The furnace is lined with ceramic fiber insulation.  One layer of 11/2" thick 6 lb/cu ft density blanket insulation is on the hot face over four layers 1" thick each of 4 lb/cu ft density felt to make up the lining. The furnace is used for stress relieving, annealing and normalizing.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Thu, 26 Jun 1980 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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      <title>DESIGN OF WAGONS FOR SPECIAL COMMODITIES</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/147259</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The paper outlines the way in which different commodities affect wagon design, and pays special attention to the transport of liquids, gases, powdered and granulated products, palletized goods including cans and bottles, drums, steel billets, coils and steel plate traffic, motor cars and containers.  Consideration is given to the factors dictating payload capacity, operating constraints and safety during transit, together with those technical features which are required to ensure that new freight traffic meets the future requirements for operating on BR and in international services.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 30 Jan 1980 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/147259</guid>
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      <title>SAFETY ANALYSIS REPORT FOR PACKAGING (SARP): ATMX-500 RAILCAR NUCLEAR PACKAGING</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/69464</link>
      <description><![CDATA[A Safety Analysis Report for Packaging (SARP) is described that makes available to all potential users the technical specifications and limits pertinent to the modification and use of the ATMX Railcars for which the Department of Transportation has issued Special Permit No. 5948. The SARP includes discussions of structural integrity, thermal resistance, radiation shielding and radiological safety, nuclear criticality safety, and quality control. Much of the information was previously published in a similar report. A complete physical and technical description of the package is presented. The packaging consists of a specially modified ATMX Series 500 Railcar loaded with DOT Specification steel drums or fiberglass coated plywood boxes. The results of the nuclear criticality safety analysis provide the maximum quantities of each fissile isotope which may be shipped as Fissile Class I in 30- and 55-gal drums. A limit of 5 g/ft exp 3 was established for wooden boxes. Design and development considerations regarding the packaging concept and modification of the ATMX-500 Railcar are presented. Tables, dimensional sketches, sequential photographs of the structural modifications, technical references, loading and shipping guidelines, and results of Mound Laboratory's experience in using this container are included. An internal review of this SARP was performed in compliance with the requirements of ERDA Manual Chapter 5201-Part V. (ERA citation 02:057277)]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 14 Mar 1978 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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