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    <title>Transport Research International Documentation (TRID)</title>
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    <copyright>Copyright © 2026. National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.</copyright>
    <docs>http://blogs.law.harvard.edu/tech/rss</docs>
    <managingEditor>tris-trb@nas.edu (Bill McLeod)</managingEditor>
    <webMaster>tris-trb@nas.edu (Bill McLeod)</webMaster>
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      <title>Transport Research International Documentation (TRID)</title>
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      <link>https://trid.trb.org/</link>
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    <item>
      <title>A STUDY TO EVALUATE THE FEASIBILITY OF WET OXIDATION FOR SHIPBOARD WASTE WATER TREATMENT APPLICATION</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/41321</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The feasibility of applying wet oxidation to solve the problem of shipboard waste treatment on board a 20 man Coast Guard vessel was investigated by designing, building and testing a breadboard wet oxidation system using a non-stirred packed tower reactor. Initial tests in the tower reactor indicated favorable results but lead to catalyst screening tests in a one gallon stirred reactor. The selected catalyst was tested in a one liter packed tower and finally in the full scale breadboard system. Final process conditions were selected and the preliminary design of a shipboard system was developed. Additionally, chemical oxygen sources were investigated as a means of simplifying the system hardware and eliminating the catalyst. Results were promising. Plastic model flow tests were conducted on a variety of tube configurations. A four tube reactor design was then fabricated and tested with and without chemical oxygen sources. (Author)]]></description>
      <pubDate>Sun, 23 Jun 2002 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/41321</guid>
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    <item>
      <title>KEY ELEMENT OF WASTEWATER PROJECT IS A UNIQUE SIPHON</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/475632</link>
      <description><![CDATA[In 1988, the Village of Lake Zurich, Illinois (population 17,000) began investigating ways to reduce problems at its two overworked wastewater treatment plants, which were the subject of water quality excursions and odor complaints. The plants discharged to two low flow streams: Buffalo Creek and an unnamed tributary to Flint Creek. Downstream communities had expressed concern about the flow of treated wastewater through their village boundaries via these waterways. As an acceptable resolution to its wastewater treatment needs and the concerns of its neighbors, Lake Zurich--with the cooperation and assistance of the County of Lake, the Illinois EPA, and various neighboring communities--decided to abandon its wastewater treatment facilities and transfer its sewage about 12 miles to the Lake County Department of Public Works Des Plaines River Wastewater Treatment Plant.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Thu, 05 Feb 1998 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/475632</guid>
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    <item>
      <title>MIAMI LOOKS FOR ALTERNATIVES TO BLUE-CHIP SEWER OVERHAUL</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/458177</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Officials in Miami argue that forced compliance with federal and state mandates is putting the city's construction cart before the design horse.  A peak-flow study and system-wide sanitary sewer evaluation are under way, but not yet complete.  Meanwhile, Miami must meet imposed state and federal deadlines, which means the upgrades are not based on the study or evaluation findings.  The current estimate to rehabilitate Miami's overburdened wastewater collection and treatment system is $1.1 billion.  This article describes the highly publicized failure conditions that led environmentalists and regulators to Miami, the compliance orders that dictate Miami's response, and the rehabilitation alternatives under examination.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Fri, 08 Mar 1996 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/458177</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>UPGRADING DUBAI'S SEWERS</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/409807</link>
      <description><![CDATA[An aging, overburdened, patchwork sewer system in Dubai, United Arab Emirates, is undergoing major rehabilitation without disrupting key commercial, government, or transportation activities in the congested city center.  The system, which dates back to the 1960s, is constructed primarily of asbestos cement pipe.  Problems with the current system include high maintenance, inadequate growth capacity, odor problems, and deterioration due to corrosion and age.  This article describes the project area--densely developed commercial areas--and the 5-stage design approach.  Construction challenges are discussed as is project status.  To date, microtunneling, pipe bursting, and pipe eating are proving to be effective rehabilitation technologies.  The entire existing system totals more than 29,000 meters of pipe. Contractors are on schedule and plan to complete work mid-1995.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Sun, 09 Oct 1994 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/409807</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>TUNNEL PROJECT HELPS STEM CSO POLLUTION</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/371254</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Article describing Rochester, New York's solution to its problem of combined sewage overflows (CSOs) that were discharged into the Genesee River, Irondequoit Bay, and Lake Ontario. The solution consists of 34 miles of large-diameter, deep-rock tunnels; an upgraded treatment facility; and improvements to the existing sewer system. Now, during a storm, CSO discharges are diverted to overflow relief sites where they drop into storage and conveyance tunnels averaging 150 feet below the surface. On its way to the treatment plant, the massive flow is directed so the capacity of the treatment plant is not overloaded.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 23 Nov 1993 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/371254</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>PROSPECTS FOR ROCK CAVERNS IN HONG KONG</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/378121</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The igneous rocks underlying much of Hong Kong, Kowloon and the New Territories form an excellent excavation medium below the weathered mantle. The first major hard rock tunnel was constructed through the Kowloon hills some 85 years ago and since then a great deal of tunnelling has been carried out in Hong Kong for transportation and utility purposes. Ten years ago the first large cavern was built, and with the start in early 1992 of works for the first underground sewage treatment plant, it is timely to reappraise the use of manmade rock caverns in Hong Kong.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 29 Jun 1993 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/378121</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>FABRICATION AND ASSEMBLY OF A SHIPBOARD MULTIFUNCTIONAL WASTE INCINERATOR (MFI). PHASE II</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/143469</link>
      <description><![CDATA[This report details the fabrication, assembly, and burn-in testing of a multifunctional waste incinerator (MFI) designed by Vent-O-Matic Incinerator Corporation for Phase II of the Shipboard Incinerator Evaluation Program. Stress relieving and edge preparation were determined to be necessary for proper fabrication of metalwork, and adequate space and lifting equipment are major requirements during casting. Adequate facilities must be available for curing incinerator components since in situ curing to 2200 F was not attainable. The feed system appears very sophisticated in order to prevent overfeeding; however, only further testing will prove its value. When properly operated, the MFI adequately handled trash, refuse, garbage, dense trash, waste oil, and fresh water sewage during preliminary burn-in testing. Problems encountered during burn-in testing will be further evaluated during the 1200-hr test program. (Author)]]></description>
      <pubDate>Fri, 19 Dec 1980 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/143469</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>DISPOSAL OF VESSEL WASTES: SHIPBOARD AND SHORESIDE FACILITIES. PHASE ONE: BLACKWATER</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/89209</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The existing technical solutions to blackwater waste disposal problems of Great Lakes commercial vessels were defined and documented by conducting a survey of ship and port operators. The problems, posed by winter conditions to the operation and performance of waste disposal facilities were examined and analyzed for a projected winter navigation season. Shoreside disposal facilities were inventoried for number, type, limitations, winter weather problems and technical solutions to these problems. Shipboard facilities, marine sanitation devices, were evaluated for treatment performance and operation under general and winter conditions. The effects of blackwater treated by marine sanitation devices on the Great Lakes ecosystem were evaluated for short and long term impacts during an extended as well as normal navigation season. Various state and federal blackwater disposal regulations were discussed and the economic effects of these regulations on ship operations were evaluated for each type of treatment, with special attention given to holding tank design and costs.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Fri, 17 Oct 1980 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/89209</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>SHIPBOARD SEWAGE TREATMENT SYSTEM FOR GREAT LAKES VESSELS</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/144037</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Two sewage treatment systems aboard Great Lakes iron ore carriers were evaluated: A Chlorinator-Macerator System aboard SS EDWARD B. GREENE, and a BIOGEST '25' System aboard SS WALTER A. STERLING. The systems had been installed in 1962 and 1960, respectively. The lack of trained shipboard operating personnel caused termination of the BIOGEST evaluation. The Chlorinator-Macerator evaluation revealed a need for a system with improved operational characteristics. The Chlorinator-Macerator System was modified to utilize ozonation followed by small additions of sodium hypochlorite solution to complete disinfection and provide a slight chlorine residual. It was designed to (1) minimize manpower operating requirements; (2) simplify maintenance, troubleshooting, and repair; (3) require little logistical support; and (4) interface with existing shipboard piping and electrical systems while complying with the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's Type-II marine sanitation device Effluent Quality Standards. The new prototype Blackwater Treatment System was evaluated in 1975 and 1976. The system produced effluent within U.S. Environmental Proteciton Agency Standards for a Type-II marine sanitation device. Design drawings for a prototype treatment system for further development are included. (Author)]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 27 Feb 1980 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/144037</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>SHIPBOARD ANTI-POLLUTION EQUIPMENT</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/148032</link>
      <description><![CDATA[A seven-page review of some marine sewage treatment, waste incineration and oily-water separation plants designed to meet new anti-pollution regulations.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 27 Feb 1980 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/148032</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>MATERIALS AND DESIGN INTERACTIONS IN SHIPBOARD WASTE INCINERATORS</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/89223</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The various materials and design problems associated with shipboard waste disposal on U.S. Coast Guard ships is reviewed. An assessment of the present state of the art of several candidate waste management systems is made and suggestions for research and development efforts predicated upon the evolvement of viable shipboard disposal approaches.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 17 Oct 1979 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/89223</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>COST EFFECTIVENESS STUDY OF WASTEWATER MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS FOR SELECTED U.S. COAST GUARD VESSELS. VOLUME IV. DEVELOPMENT OF CANDIDATE SYSTEMS</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/82647</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Eighteen system concepts for managing black (sewage and garbage grinder slurry) and gray (galley and turbid) wastewaters aboard six different U.S. Coast Guard Cutters are presented. Specific equipment configurations (number of units, model, capacities, etc.) necessary to synthesize each Wastewater Management System (WMS) concept on each vessel are given. The 18 WMS concepts were synthesized as hybrids of five commercially available Marine Sanitary Devices (MSDs), namely, Jered, GATX, Chrysler, Grumman, and a CHT (Collection, Holding and Transfer) system. For purposes of hybridization, each MSD was analyzed in terms of two subsystems, namely, the waste collection/transport subsystem and the waste treatment/disposal subsystem. The 18 WMS concepts were selected on the basis of MSD subsystem combinations which were judged to have a good chance of succeeding without requiring extensive engineering changes, redesign, and elaborate testing. In MSDs whose treatment/disposal subsystem includes an incinerator in addition to other treatment equipment (Chrysler and Grumman), the substitution of a holding for the incinerator was also considered. Each WMS concept was then analyzed as a function of the vessel to determine the equipment configuration required to synthesize that concept on the given vessel. This determination was made on the basis of the holding time requirements established in the vessel mission profile study (Volume VI), assumed waste generation rates and the crew size. The WMS configurations for each vessel were developed without regard to installation considerations.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Fri, 11 May 1979 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/82647</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>COST EFFECTIVENESS STUDY OF WASTEWATER MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS FOR SELECTED U.S. COAST GUARD VESSELS. VOLUME VI. MISSION PROFILES OF SELECTED U.S. COAST GUARD VESSELS</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/82648</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The operations of six U.S. Coast Guard vessels within and beyond restricted waters (within 3 miles from shore or on inland bodies of water) were analyzed in order to determine parameters which affect the design and operating costs of shipboard wastewater management systems. The maximum holding time (i.e., the longest continuous time within restricted waters) is a design parameter which affects equipment sizing. The system utilization factor and number of mode changeover cycles (from primary to overboard or pierside) affect operating costs. The latter two parameters were derived respectively from an analysis of the fraction of time the vessel is within restricted waters and the number of crossings of the three-mile limit as well as the number of shore dockings. Data for the analysis was obtained from visits to the vessels and examination of the logs. From a study of the recorded vessel operations and activities (buoys tended, fisheries patrol, search and rescue, shore dockings, etc.), reference to navigation maps and the assistance of vessel personnel, every sortie was analyzed in terms of its relevant characteristics namely, holding times, times beyond restricted waters, number of 3-mile crossings, and shore dockings. The lists of sortie holding times and times beyond restricted waters constituted basic data which was subjected to further computer-aided statistical analyses, including confidence limits on the maximum holding time for each vessel. Prior to data collection and analysis, pertinent guidelines and assumptions which have a significant effect on the analysis were established.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Fri, 11 May 1979 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/82648</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>COST EFFECTIVENESS STUDY OF WASTEWATER MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS FOR SELECTED U.S. COAST GUARD VESSELS. VOLUME III. INSTALLATION ANALYSIS. PART 5. WHITE SAGE (133 FEET)</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/82649</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Each of the 18 candidate Wastewater Management System (WMS) configurations developed in Volume 4 was analyzed for installation aboard the WHITE SAGE (WLM - 544). The following information was developed: vessel conditions including locations of black water (sewage and garbage grinder slurry) and gray water (galley and turbid) waste sources, vessel/resources capacities and estimated usage rates, determination of viable candidate systems based on installation guidelines and assumptions developed in Volume 4, black and gray wastewater (or sludge) holding tank capacities which can be fitted, installation cost estimates for each viable candidate system, arrangement drawings for WMS equipment and waste sources, installation related effectiveness attribute data. The analysis was performed in three stages. A preliminary installation analysis was made on the basis of vessel plans available. This was followed by a shipcheck of the vessel to determine the viable candidate systems and obtain required vessel data. The final step consisted of a more detailed analysis of each viable candidate system to develop installation cost estimates and other required installation related information including arrangement drawings and effectiveness attribute data. Cost estimates were developed using a form which analyzes each viable candidate system in terms of standard installation cost elements, each of which has an assumed unit cost. (Author)]]></description>
      <pubDate>Fri, 11 May 1979 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/82649</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>UTILIZATION OF NAVAL TECHNOLOGY IN ENVIRONMENTAL PROGRAMS OF FOREIGN NATIONS</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/82509</link>
      <description><![CDATA[This study identified and analyzed uses of naval technology in the creation and implementation of air and water pollution abatement policies in the navies of some 18 foreign nations. It also identified the degree of foreign naval competence in air and water pollution abatement and in waste disposal technology aboard foreign vessels of war. (Author)]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 28 Mar 1979 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/82509</guid>
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