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    <title>Transport Research International Documentation (TRID)</title>
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    <copyright>Copyright © 2026. National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.</copyright>
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    <managingEditor>tris-trb@nas.edu (Bill McLeod)</managingEditor>
    <webMaster>tris-trb@nas.edu (Bill McLeod)</webMaster>
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      <title>PROCESSING OF RAW SEWAGE BY ULTRA-FILTRATION</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/56397</link>
      <description><![CDATA[To meet discharge regulations for marine sanitation devices, the Navy has examined various state-of-the-art processes. One of the newer technologies is ultrafiltration, a pressure-driven membrane process. A microfiltration and nine ultrafiltration systems were evaluated for their effectiveness in processing raw sewage while producing an effluent that could meet the discharge requirements. Four filtration configurations--tubular, hollow fiber, spiral wound, and plate and frame -- were tested. Pretreatment and cleaning requirements for each system were established. Each system was compared in terms of relative flux decline, maintenance, rejection of fecal coliform, and suspended solids. All systems produced an effluent, meeting the Jan 1980 effluent standard requirement for suspended solids content; and all but two met the requirement for fecal coliform bacteria density. It was recommended that further tests be conducted with a noncellulosic 1-inch inside diameter tubular membrane and a hollow fiber membrane system, coupled to a biological oxidation process and compared with a previously-evaluated plate and frame membrane design.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 20 Sep 1977 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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      <title>MARINE SANITATION DEVICES: PROPOSED CERTIFICATION PROCEDURES AND DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/26826</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Proposed USCG regulations governing the design, construction, testing, certification, and manufacture of marine sanitation devices are presented.  General mechanical testing procedures and safety testing procedures for coliforms, visible floating solids, and ignition prevention are given.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Thu, 01 May 1975 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/26826</guid>
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      <title>PROBLEM SOLVING EXPERIENCE IN THE TREATMENT OF SHIP'S SEWAGE ON THE GREAT LAKES</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/24892</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Prior to the 1971 Great Lakes shipping season, two operating companies installed prototype physical-chemical sewage treatment systems aboard vessels in their fleets.  The two systems underwent extensive development and refinement during the 1971 season.  All shipboard liquid wastes generated outside the engine room were treated including toilets, galley, laundry, showers and lavatories.  Two more systems were installed during the 1972 Season and four more during the 1973 Season.  Two additional units were built for Spring 1974 installation.  The system refinement program has continued up to the present.  Midway through the 1973 Season, an effluent monitoring and control system was installed on the Str. "John Sherwin" of the Interlake Steamship Fleet.  Effluent turbidity and coliform content were continuously monitored and recorded through the end of the season.  Independent laboratory tests were also conducted during this period.  The monitored results, lab test results and data collected from other installations are presented.  Many problems involving the variation of system effluent characteristics, hydraulic loading, shipboard environment and crew operation and maintenance were encountered.  These problems, their solutions and the reasons for choosing this particular system design are discussed.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 31 Dec 1974 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/24892</guid>
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      <title>AN OVERVIEW OF ENVIRONMENT CANADA'S ACTIVITIES RELATING TO THE CONTROL OF MARINE POLLUTION</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/24893</link>
      <description><![CDATA[This overview of Environment Canada's activities relating to the control of vessel pollution provides some details on the content and development of the proposed Canadian vessel sewage regulations, and particulars of the recent and ongoing fact-finding studies undertaken by the Environmental Protection Service (EPS) in the Great Lakes Region.  The paper also describes two promising new developments in onboard sewage treatment technology arising out of research contracted by EPS to an Ontario based research firm and through an industrial incentive program sponsored by the Canadian Government.  Prototypes of these new systems are scheduled for evaluation and testing on Great Lakes freighters during the forthcoming shipping season.  Some conclusions are drawn from the preliminary results of these studies and inventories.  Current programs related to the control of pollution from Federally owned vessels are also described.  Fear has been expressed by some Great Lakes ship operators that the impending Canadian vessel sewage regulations may be unnecessarily rigorous and impractical. The paper discusses these concerns and relates them to the facts emerging from current studies, with a view to promoting better understanding. /Author/]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 31 Dec 1974 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/24893</guid>
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      <title>HOUSEBOAT WASTE CHARACTERISTICS AND TREATMENT</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/4563</link>
      <description><![CDATA[It was found that the average per capita BOD5, per capita suspended solids, grease, and oil in the houseboat waste is higher than normal domestic sewage and waste from the average land residence.  Small extended aeration biological treatment units seem to offer a practical means of economically providing secondary treatment for houseboat wastes.  The average daily flow, concentration, and treatment problems are discussed.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Fri, 27 Oct 1972 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/4563</guid>
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      <title>A TOTAL SHIPBOARD POLLUTION CONTROL SYSTEM</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/3866</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Pollution from ships has resulted in increased pressure for legislation but standards are slow in coming.  Two basic criteria have been established for sewage systems: 1) all wastes should be controlled and 2) no overboard discharge.  Six approaches to pollution were selected and analyzed including holding tanks, recirculating systems, incineration, aerobic digestion systems, electromechanical systems and physiochemical systems. Of the six, the physiochemical systems appeared to be the most suitable for shipboard use.  Results from testing have been good and further research is being conducted especially in the area of chemical treatment of grease.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 10 Apr 1972 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/3866</guid>
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      <title>EVALUATION OF A PROPRIETARY WASTE TREATMENT SYSTEM ABOARD THE USCGC ALERT (WMEC-630) BASED AT CAPE MAY, NEW JERSEY</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1789</link>
      <description><![CDATA[A shipboard aerobic waste treatment system utilizing hydraulic comminution, vacuum aeration gravity settling and filtration, was field tested and evaluated to determine its effectiveness in reducing suspended solids, biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) and coliform density.  The system was installed on the CGC ALERT (WMEC-630) based at Cape May, New Jersey.  Influent and effluent waste properties were determined.  Influent wastes consisted of sanitary, galley, scullery, shower and lavatory wastes, and discharges from deck drains below the water level.  Physical modifications to the system were made in an attempt to improve its performance.  A detailed description of the system's operation and an evaluation of its performance are included. (Author)]]></description>
      <pubDate>Fri, 29 Oct 1971 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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