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    <title>Transport Research International Documentation (TRID)</title>
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    <copyright>Copyright © 2026. National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.</copyright>
    <docs>http://blogs.law.harvard.edu/tech/rss</docs>
    <managingEditor>tris-trb@nas.edu (Bill McLeod)</managingEditor>
    <webMaster>tris-trb@nas.edu (Bill McLeod)</webMaster>
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      <title>Transport Research International Documentation (TRID)</title>
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      <title>Revolutionizing Flood and CSO Management with Advanced Machine Learning Surrogate Models</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2553884</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Flood management and combined sewer overflow (CSO) predictions are critical for safeguarding communities and the environment. This study introduces two revolutionary surrogate models powered by advanced machine learning for Autodesk InfoDrainage and InfoWorks ICM software. The first model, targeting flood management and drainage design, employs a Bayesian convolutional neural network (B-CNN) trained on extensive InfoDrainage 2D hydraulic simulations. It predicts the spatial distribution of water following rainfall events at given points in time within milliseconds, offering speed and accuracy. By integrating physical data, it identifies flow patterns and forecasts water depth during the construction phase, understanding the impact of surface structures like roads and airports in real-time. This technology serves as an optimal flood management tool and a real-time forecasting tool, providing advanced warnings and enabling proactive measures. It achieves global applicability through restricted network and boundary parameterization. The second model predicts CSOs, essential for environmental protection and regulatory compliance. Using the InfoWorks ICM simulator and a unique deep neural network architecture, this machine learning workflow builds a surrogate model that can quickly and accurately forecast the temporal distribution of water at given points in space for various rainfall profiles. Achieving the same accuracy as traditional simulators but in under a minute, it allows for timely interventions, mitigating untreated sewage release and preventing water pollution, health hazards, and ecosystem damage. It can represent any degree of network/boundary complexity but requires site-specific training. Both models highlight the potential of machine learning-based surrogate models to enhance decision-making, reduce risks, and protect communities and the environment from the impacts of flooding and CSOs.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 11 Jun 2025 10:53:17 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2553884</guid>
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    <item>
      <title>Cambridge Underground: Challenges of Sewer Separation and Stormwater Management</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2218577</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Cambridge is an old city that is seriously in need of the infrastructure improvements that are now being implemented. Sewer separation and stormwater management projects will alleviate the problem of flooding and threats to public health caused by untreated wastewater discharged to low-lying neighborhoods and the Charles River during heavy rainstorms. Since 1998, S E A Consultants Inc. and Montgomery Watson Harza (S E A/MWH) have been working with the Cambridge Department of Public Works to pinpoint problems within the existing system; develop ways to achieve the program objectives; and plan, design, and oversee construction of over $325 million in city-wide infrastructure improvements over the next 15 years. Unconventional construction methods in heavily developed urbanized areas such as use of large underground storage tanks, maximizing use of surface storage potential, use of best management practices to reduce floatables and sediment discharges to the Charles River, and applications of trenchless technologies to minimize construction disruptions while improving the infrastructure have been highlights of the program. The paper describes various aspects of the Cambridge sewer separation and stormwater management program, the condition of the existing infrastructure, improvements needed to support future growth, and innovative techniques used to address water quality and quantity considerations. Planning, design, construction, utilities, traffic and pedestrian management, and community participation will be explained as they relate to this program.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 18 Dec 2024 13:29:02 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2218577</guid>
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    <item>
      <title>Milwaukee Case Study in Example Evolution of Sewer Controls</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2273660</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The Milwaukee Metropolitan Sewerage District (MMSD) operates a sewer interceptor system with the aid of one of the most extensive real time control networks in the country. This sophisticated system began 90 years ago when the interceptor sewers were installed with mechanically operated movable gates that restricted flows into the interceptors in response to increasing flow depths in the trunk sewers. By the 1960s, the controls included the original tilting gates, several pump stations operated in response to wet well levels, and about 25 sluice gates that were manually adjusted twice each year in response to seasonal precipitation patterns to direct flows towards, or away from, the Milorganite production. In the 1980s MMSD incorporated evolving remote sensing instrumentation, telemetry, and computer controls to automate the system. Since 2000 MMSD has refined telemetry, instrumentation, and operating strategies to further the continuous improvement of this innovative system. Most recently the real time controls were expanded to aid the Department of Transportation in achieving stormwater quality objectives for downtown highway interchange drainage. This paper summarizes the unique components of the controls incorporated into the system at each stage in the nearly 100 year evolution. The paper also summarizes the motivation, costs and system performance improvements associated with each major stage of the real time controls evolution. For the more recent innovations (those since 1980), the paper discusses the alternatives considered and the reasons for selection of those options implemented. The paper concludes with a summary of the benefits attributed to the real time control network. The benefits include reduced capital costs to achieve high levels of wet weather performance, improved tracking and reporting of system performance, improved real time identification and resolution of system problems, and decreased safety and environmental risks associated with maintenance of the diversions.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 17 Apr 2024 11:29:44 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2273660</guid>
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    <item>
      <title>What Works to Improve Lives?: What Works for Transport, Water and Sanitation, and Urban Development</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2322818</link>
      <description><![CDATA[This publication is one of a five-monograph series produced by the Inter-American Development Bank to take stock of the lessons learned from impact evaluations of investments supported by the IDB Group for over a decade across a wide range of economic and social development sectors. This monograph presents evidence of the effectiveness of the IDB Groups interventions from impact evaluations of operations in the transport, water and sanitation, and housing and urban development sectors.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 11 Mar 2024 16:32:03 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2322818</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Kinnickinnic River Flood Management and Watercourse Rehabilitation: Milwaukee, Wisconsin</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2280197</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The Kinnickinnic River (KKR) Watershed is an approximately 25 square mile, highly urbanized drainage area, located in south central Milwaukee County. The KKR has undergone considerable alteration in the past, including channel widening and realignment, and the installation of concrete lining. The Milwaukee Metropolitan Sewerage District (MMSD) has initiated a series of flood management projects within the KKR Watershed that address watercourse rehabilitation, neighborhood revitalization, and the provision of community and recreational benefits. MMSD recently completed an "early out" final design and construction project that included the replacement of the South 6th Street Bridge, and the rehabilitation of approximately 1,000 feet of KKR watercourse. Watercourse improvements included: removal of 500 feet of concrete lined channel; development of 1,000 feet of stone-lined main channel, with stable floodplain areas and embankments; and the provision of appropriate flood management, native vegetated communities, and enhancements that facilitate maintenance and community access to the river.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 27 Dec 2023 15:03:25 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2280197</guid>
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    <item>
      <title>Energy and Cost Benefit Evaluation of a Urine Diversion System—A Case Study at Highway Service Areas in Japan</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2280172</link>
      <description><![CDATA[In this study, the reduction on the environmental load by the replacement of conventional toilets with low environmental load toilets such as water recycling urine-diverting toilet newly developed at highway service areas in Japan was quantified and a cost-benefit analysis concerning introducing low environmental load toilets were performed. Moriya service area which is one of the large-scale service areas and Minori service area which is the middle-scale one were selected for the case study. As for the results, the pollution load, especially, total nitrogen and phosphorous were expected to be reduced by 94% and 79 % from existed system, respectively, in the Minori service area. Concerning the burden of energy and cost, the payback periods by introducing the urine diversion system were 0.3 and 0.8 years for energy, and 2.8 and 12.6 years for cost at Moriya and Minori service area, respectively.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 27 Dec 2023 15:03:25 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2280172</guid>
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    <item>
      <title>Identifying Multi Utility Network Similarities</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2280145</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Data of water infrastructure networks is often not available or of poor quality. But detailed data sets are needed to better understand the complex behavior and structure of such networks. In contrast, data for road networks is often available and of high quality. The aim of this work is to identify network similarities of infrastructure networks on a multi utility basis (i.e. identifying similarities of road, water supply and sewer networks). With the identified network similarities, the aim is to improve the quality of water distribution network data or even to automatically reconstruct missing network information out of available road network information. The results of this work are general propositions about geometrical and graph theory-based similarities of road, water supply and combined sewer networks. Hence, network similarities are identified, which describe the interaction between road, water supply and sewer network in a graph theory and geometric analyses-based approach. It is shown that 78% of all roads are containing 81% or 86% of a water supply or sewer network, respectively.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 27 Dec 2023 15:03:25 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2280145</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Using oxygen/ozone nanobubbles for in situ oxidation of dissolved hydrogen sulfide at a residential tunnel-construction site</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1892126</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Hydrogen sulfide (H₂S) is a toxic gas, and considerable research has been conducted for its control and removal from industrial wastewater and sewage water. However, no simple and practical technology is available for degrading H₂S in situ at tunnel constructing sites. On May 11, 2020, an H₂S blowout accident occurred in underground soil at a residential sewer-tunnel construction site in Iwakuni City, Yamaguchi Prefecture, Japan, filling the tunnel with high concentrations of H₂S gas, causing the fatality of one worker owing to emphysema. River water flowing near the site was immediately introduced into the tunnel to trap the H₂S gas, generating 652-m³ water that contained high concentrations (120 mg/L) of dissolved H₂S in the tunnel. To safely and quickly remove H₂S in situ, the contaminated water was treated with high-density oxygen and ozone nanobubbles (O₂/O₃-HDNBs) generated using the ultrafine pore method. Consequently, H₂S was removed from the contaminated water in 3 days. This is the first successful application of O₂/O₃-HDNB technology for the in situ oxidation of H₂S in environmental water at a construction site. This study reports the practical application of this advanced technology and the system performance.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 23 Nov 2021 11:51:52 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1892126</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Connectivity and Source Protection: Perspectives on Water and Sanitation Challenges in Rural Indigenous Panama</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1557473</link>
      <description><![CDATA[In 2012, United States Agency for International Development (USAID) determined that Panama had reached a point where it could manage its continued development without significant U.S. assistance. The World Bank also noted Panama’s progress in the last decade by reporting a remarkable decrease in poverty and increase in access to improved water and sanitation. Despite improvements at the national level, pockets of extreme poverty persist in rural areas, especially in the comarcas, the indigenous provinces of Panama. The first two authors served with the U.S. Peace Corps as water and sanitation volunteers in two such remote communities on the Comarca Ngäbe Buglé. Both observed how the presence of water and sanitation infrastructure could be counted as “coverage” by the national government and bilateral aid agencies. However, without regular water quality testing, system maintenance, or the presence of a regulating body, calculations of “coverage” fail to capture the reality facing Panama’s rural poor. Field research focused on how the connectivity between urban and rural spaces affects water and sanitation system functionality, as well as the relationship between micro-watershed management and water quality.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 22 Oct 2018 15:59:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1557473</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>A Revolutionary City’s Multi-Faceted Emergency Repair under the Governor’s Avenue</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1416428</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The City of Revere, MA experienced a catastrophic failure of critical sewer infrastructure in August 2013. The 100-year old, 18” vitrified clay sewer, located in the heart of downtown, collects 30% of the sanitary flow city-wide. During routine closed circuit television (CCTV) inspection and cleaning, a collapse occurred in the 20’ deep conduit. The pipes’ significance in the collection system required immediate bypass pumping which was operated 24-hours a day by City Public Works staff. Immediately, alternatives were analyzed to determine the best approach to repair the pipe quickly and easily while minimizing disruption to the community. To complicate an already difficult situation, above the collapse were two large diameter (16” and 24”) water mains owned and operated by the Massachusetts Water Resources Authority (MWRA). In addition to repairing the collapse, the City needed to ensure that adjacent pipe reaches and sewer structure maintained their structural integrity, to prevent subsequent collapses during construction or in the future. Alternatives evaluated included pipe bursting, pipe jacking, directional drilling, Cured In Place Pipe (CIPP) lining, direct bury, etc., with particular attention paid to the requirements imposed by MWRA to protect their critical water mains. Ultimately a combination of repair methods were cobbled together to comprehensively rehabilitate approximately 800 feet of sewer infrastructure along Winthrop Avenue including spot replacement of sewer, CIPP lining, service lateral lining, manhole rehabilitation and grouting. This paper will detail the significant challenges faced by engineers and contractors during the eight month project including heavy traffic, extreme weather and timely funding, and will describe how a combination of trenchless technologies were used to rehabilitate the century-old infrastructure.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 29 Aug 2016 11:08:29 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1416428</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Funktionszusammenhang zwischen Bundesfernstraße und unbewirtschafteter Rastanlage (PWC-Anlage) (Urteil vom BVerwG vom 25.03.2015 - 9 A 1/14)</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1402109</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Der Kläger ist Eigentümer eines Flurstücks und wendet sich gegen den Planfeststellungsbeschluss der Regierung von Oberfranken vom 17.12.2013 für den sechsstreifigen Ausbau der Bundesautobahn A 3 im Abschnitt Aschbach bis östlich Schlüsselfeld. In dem genannten 10,445 km langen Abschnitt, der einen Teilabschnitt des geplanten Ausbaus der A 3 zwischen dem Autobahnkreuz Biebelried und dem Autobahnkreuz Fürth-Erlangen bildet, soll die A 3 Frankfurt-Nürnberg sechsstreifig ausgebaut werden. Bei Bau-km 338+400 (Nord) beziehungsweise Bau-km 338+200 (Süd) ist eine beidseitige PWC-Anlage vorgesehen, die auf der nördlichen Seite etwa 700 m östlich der Ortschaft Heuchelheim liegen soll. Auch zu deren Lärmschutz sind entlang der Autobahn einschließlich der PWC-Anlage aktive Lärmschutzmaßnahmen (Lärmschutzwälle und/oder -wände) vorgesehen. Die PWC-Anlage soll zwischen den circa 12 km voneinander entfernten Anschlussstellen Geiselwind und Schlüsselfeld liegen. Die nächsten Tank- und Rastanlagen mit Stellplätzen für Lkw befinden sich östlich in einer Entfernung von circa 12 km (Rastanlage Steigerwald) und westlich in einer Entfernung von circa 25 km (Tank- und Rastanlage Haidt).]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 12 Apr 2016 09:02:18 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1402109</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Teamwork in Trenchless Projects: The Martha Lake Gateway Experience</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1366145</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The I-5/164th Martha Lake Gateway Sewer and Water Improvement project, completed in November of 2014, provides a new gravity sewer system and water transmission main for the Alderwood Water and Wastewater District (AWWD) in the vicinity of Interstate 5 (I-5) and 164th Street SW just north of Seattle, Washington. An earlier study performed for the District determined that the most desirable method of providing sewer service to the sewer basin would require a 532-foot trenchless crossing under I-5 as well as a 200-foot crossing of 164th Street Sw. This paper examines the trenchless crossings of I-5 and 164th Street SW with respect to the geotechnical conditions and explores how these conditions influenced the design of the crossings as well as the execution of the contract once construction was underway. The first section focuses on project history and design of the crossings and discusses how the soil conditions directed the trenchless evaluation and selection of the trenchless method for each crossing. The second section focuses on the geotechnical baseline report (GBR) and examines how specific baselines were determined through a collaborative process between the District and design consultants. This process allowed the District to apportion the various risks between themselves and the trenchless contractor. The final section discusses the execution of both trenchless crossings and examines how various elements of the GBR were utilized during construction.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Fri, 25 Sep 2015 16:20:46 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1366145</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Environmental Impact Assessment Report: Construction of Sewerage System for Ruiru Municipality</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1333011</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The general objective of the proposed project is to design and construct a sewerage system for Ruiru Municipality and its environs. Key objectives of this study include the following: (1)  To determine the compatibility of the proposed development with the neighbouring land uses; (2) To identify and evaluate the significant environmental impacts of the proposed project; (3) To describe appropriate mitigation measures for the proposed impacts; (4) To assess and analyze the environmental costs and benefits associated with the proposed project; (5) To evaluate and select the best project alternative from the various options available; (6) To incorporate environmental management plans and monitoring mechanisms during implementation, operation and decommissioning phases of the project; and (7) To incorporate the findings of public consultations.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 23 Dec 2014 12:08:22 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1333011</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Autobahnverzeichnis 2008 / Motorway directory 2008</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1258571</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Die BASt haelt seit 1980 im Auftrag des Bundesministeriums fuer Verkehr, Bau und Stadtentwicklung (BMVBS) Informationen zu Knotenpunkten, Nebenanlagen und Nebenbetrieben an Autobahnen in einer Datenbank vor. Diese Informationen werden regelmaessig aktualisiert und als "Autobahnverzeichnis" bereitgestellt. Fuer eine weitestgehende Automatisierung der Uebernahme aktueller Informationen werden geeignete Datenliefervereinbarungen vorgeschlagen und Anpassungen sowie Erweiterungen der bestehenden Datenbank vorgenommen. ABSTRACT IN EBGLISH: Since 1980, the Federal Highway Research Institute has maintained data on intersections, motorway service installations and motorway service centres in a database on behalf of the Federal Ministry of Transport, Building and Urban Affairs. This information is updated regularly and made available in the form of a motorway directory. To automate the updating process to the greatest possible extent, appropriate data transfer methods are proposed, and the existent database is modified and extended accordingly.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Fri, 09 Aug 2013 09:45:46 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1258571</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>A Survival Analysis Model for Sewer Pipe Structural Deterioration</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1237198</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The structural state of sewer systems are often quantified using condition classes. The classes are based on the severity of structural defects observed on individual pipes within the system. This paper developed a survival analysis model to predict the overall structural state of a sewer network based on camera inspection data from a sample of pipes in the system. The convolution product was used to define the survival functions for cumulative staying times in each condition class. An original calibration procedure for the sewer deterioration model was developed to overcome the censored nature of data available for the calibration of sewer deterioration models. The exponential and Weibull functions were used to represent the distribution of waiting times in each deterioration state. Cross-validation tests showed that the Weibull function led to greater uncertainty than the exponential function for the simulated proportion of pipes that are in a deteriorated state. The cross-validation tests also showed that the model's results are robust to smaller calibration sample sizes using various sample sizes for model calibration. The model's potential for predicting the overall state of deterioration of a sewer network when only a small proportion of the pipes have been inspected is confirmed.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Thu, 17 Jan 2013 13:47:57 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1237198</guid>
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