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    <title>Transport Research International Documentation (TRID)</title>
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    <copyright>Copyright © 2026. National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.</copyright>
    <docs>http://blogs.law.harvard.edu/tech/rss</docs>
    <managingEditor>tris-trb@nas.edu (Bill McLeod)</managingEditor>
    <webMaster>tris-trb@nas.edu (Bill McLeod)</webMaster>
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      <title>Transport Research International Documentation (TRID)</title>
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      <link>https://trid.trb.org/</link>
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    <item>
      <title>SOUND RADIATION PRODUCED BY A SHIP PROPELLER</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/167196</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The theory of the generation of acoustic radiation by a ship propeller working in a stream with a non-uniform stationary distribution is briefly discussed in this paper.  Relations permitting calculation of acoustic pressure values produced by a ship propeller working under given conditions are also derived.  The acoustic method for determining the coefficients characterizing the load variation of ship propeller blades working in a non-uniform liquid stream with stationary characteristics is also discussed.  This method can also be used for estimation of the velocity field non-uniformity for the flow of the medium in which the propeller works.  Experimental measurements were carried out and calculations made, based on the equations derived, and the values were compared.  Numerical computations were made, based on purpose-designed programs.  Spectral analysis was carried out numerically using an FFT algorithm.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Fri, 12 Jun 1981 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/167196</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>NOISE PREDICTION AND PREVENTION IN SHIPS</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/76284</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The prediction and prevention of structure-borne sound on board merchant ships are discussed.  Results of full-scale and model-scale experiments have indicated that the main power flow in the vertical direction in a ship structure is determined by the propagation of flexural waves in the plate elements.  Based on these results a prediction model is developed.  It is found that the velocity level of a deck is a function of the input power at the source, wave-numbers, masses, losses and dimensions of the plate elements in the structure.  The attenuation of structure-borne sound is also a function of frequency.  Predicted and measured structure-borne sound levels are compared.  The effects of damping layers and resiliently mounted superstructures and accommodation systems are also discussed.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 31 Oct 1978 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/76284</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>RADIATED NOISE OF CAVITATING PROPELLERS</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/78690</link>
      <description><![CDATA[In this paper noise characteristics of three different propeller models are discussed.  Each propeller displays a different type of cavitation, viz.  tip vortex cavitation, bubble cavitation at mid-chord region of the propeller blades on suction side and sheet cavitation also on the suction side of the propeller blades.  The propellers were tested at the same operating conditions behind a towed ship model.  The investigation was performed to gain insight into a basic problem in propeller cavitation noise, i.e.  , what is the acoustical behaviour of individual types of cavitation.  It was found that the highest noise levels are produced by the propeller displaying bubble cavitation.  The lowest noise levels were obtained with the propeller with stable tip vortex cavitation.  The effects of nuclei and gas content of the water on cavitation have also been investigated.  Both nuclei control and gas content appeared to be important.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 31 Oct 1978 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/78690</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>STRUCTUREBORNE SOUND TRANSMISSION IN SHIPS</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/71264</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Model experiments have been carried out to investigate the influence of different structural details on the total vertical transmission of noise in a ship's hull from the machinery spaces to cabins on the upper decks.  The model is an idealised 1:5 replica of a cross-section through the engine room, casing and deckhouse of a 50,000-dwt bulk carrier, conventionally built with deckhouse above the engine room.  Six built-up stages have been investigated, each stage corresponding to a different transmission path connecting tanktop and main deck.  Preliminary results indicate that the build-up of the structure does not affect the structure-borne transmission through the hull to any great extent because of the greater contribution of longitudinal waves.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Sat, 19 Aug 1978 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/71264</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>PROBLEMS OF SHIP ACOUSTICS, WITH SELECTED EXAMPLES</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/74356</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The Authors explain some of the more important ways in which the shipbuilder, by means of acoustic analyses and appropriate action taken at the planning stage, can ensure better acoustic design from the outset at a comparatively low cost and so avoid unnecessary expenditure on noise-reduction measures after the ship has been built.  The information, which makes frequent references to the literature, is arranged under the headings: General Information on Noise Generation and Noise-Reduction Measures.  Main Sources of Noise in a Ship (Propeller--Gearing--Main Machinery--Auxiliary Machinery and Pipe-Systems).  Reducing the Radiation from Vibrating Surfaces.  The Solution of Hydro-Acoustic Problems through Model Tests.  Concluding Remarks.  Order from: BSRA as No. 48,298.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Sat, 19 Aug 1978 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/74356</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>FAN SELECTION AND INSTALLATION</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/71262</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The paper deals with the selection and installation of ventilating fans and measures to be taken for the attenuation of fan noise.  The aim is to provide guidelines and typical fan noise values for estimating the noise a fan will radiate to a ventilating system.  The types of fans considered are centrifugal and axial, of the type normally used with ducting systems in central station air-conditioning systems and industrial ventilating systems.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Sat, 19 Aug 1978 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/71262</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>PROBABLE ORIGIN OR MEASURED SUPERTANKER RADIATED NOISE SPECTRA</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/71743</link>
      <description><![CDATA[This paper deals with initial measurements of the acoustic pressure levels radiated by the modern and largest merchant ships -- the supertankers, greater than 100 thousand DWT, in the frequency band 2 to 80 Hz.  Those shaft and blade rate lines detected are converted to source pressure levels (SPL) in dB// mu Pa at 1m.  For some selected lines a typical radiation pattern is constructed.  A comparison is made of the measured and calculated blade rate tonals and a discussion is presented on several mechanisms for the enhancement of their harmonics.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Sat, 19 Aug 1978 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/71743</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>MOBILITY/RADIATION FACTOR EVALUATIONS AS DESIGN AIDS FOR HIGH PERFORMANCE VEHICLES</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/70682</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Traditionally for surface craft, the noise control engineer has relied on standard airborne and structureborne noise surveys to identify and isolate vibro-acoustic deficiences. However, the increased performance standards of modern vehicles have restricted design alternatives so that additional information is required to further categorize deficient structural elements.  The paper describes mobility methods which offer a means of obtaining this information when used in conjunction with associated radiation factor measurements.  The potential of these methods is illustated by application to an airborne noise problem observed in the cabin of a small naval landing craft at cruising speed. Order from: BSRA as No. 48,449.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 19 Jul 1978 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/70682</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>EXPERIENCES WITH STRUCTUREBORNE SOUND TRANSMISSION IN SEA-GOING SHIPS</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/70411</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The paper presents some modified versions of the "cabin equation" of Buiten and Janssen to take account of such factors as "narrow path" radiation from the decks into the bulkheads, the insertion loss due to floating floors, the radiation by the bulkheads into the cabins and the overall accuracy.  Results from laboratory experiments and from investigations on board are compared.  The differences between the calculated and measured data for three groups of ships indicates that acceptable noise levels in accommodations can be achieved by the use of suitable noise countermeasures carefully applied.  Order from: BSRA as No. 48,247.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 19 Jul 1978 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/70411</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>PREDICTION OF NOISE LEVELS IN SHIPS</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/70408</link>
      <description><![CDATA[An empirical method for prediction of noise levels in ships is presented and the problems involved in the development of the method are summarised.  The main problem is that different ships show large differences in bending-wave attenuation figures per deck.  Problems involved in getting proper input data to the calculation steps concerning structureborne sound transmission between steel structure and cabin linings as well as radiation of sound into the cabins are discussed briefly.  Some results of preliminary calculations with SEA-models using up to 25 subsystems are reported.  Although the results are encouraging, more work needs to be done to confirm the validity of the method, particularly with respect to larger systems and other reference ships.  Order from BSRA as No. 48,246.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 19 Jul 1978 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/70408</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>PROPAGATION AND RADIATION OF NOISE IN SHIP STRUCTURES</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/57056</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The ways in which the mechanical power induced by a noise source can propagate in the steel structure are summarized. The paper then discusses transmission and attenuation, radiation of sound from structures, and room absorption and resulting noise levels.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 30 Jan 1978 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/57056</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>SOUND RADIATION FROM LINE ARRAYS</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/11129</link>
      <description><![CDATA[This paper develops simple approximations for the sound radiation of the accordion (longitudinal) and the whipping (transverse) vibration of a spheroid.  This analysis can be directly applied to the fundamental vibratory modes of a submarine hull.  The very close correlation between these predictions and the exact spheroidal wave functions is demonstrated for far-field radiation from a slender spheroid.  This correlation is carried out over the ranges of angular position and frequency of practical interest. Through application of these approximations in future predictions, the use of the cumbersome spheroidal wave functions can be avoided.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Thu, 14 Nov 1974 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/11129</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>SOUND RADIATION FROM A CYLINDER IMMERSED IN AN ACOUSTIC FLUID BOUNDED BY AN ELASTIC HALF-SPACE</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/5551</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The problem of the forced steady-state response of an infinite cylindrical shell immersed in an acoustic fluid bounded by an elastic half-space is investigated.  Pressures and radial displacements on the shell surface are expanded into Fourier series.  With the aid of the Fourier integral transform, the normal velocities on the boundary of the half-space are expressed in terms of infinite integrals. Continuous distributions of sources of unknown strength are applied along the fluid boundaries, which are subdivided into small intervals, so that the source strengths can be assumed to be constant over each interval.  Satisfaction of the boundary conditions at the interfaces leads to a system of linear homogeneous algebraic equations, which is solved for the source strengths on the fluid boundaries and the coefficients of the Fourier series expansion of the shell-fluid interaction pressure.  Using these values, the surrounding pressure field is completely determined. Results are presented for several cases of interest.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Sat, 13 Oct 1973 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/5551</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>MODEL RULES FOR THE SOUND RADIATION BY SHIP HULLS</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/572</link>
      <description><![CDATA[General model rules are derived for acoustical scale models which contain simultaneously solid, liquid and gaseous parts.  Besides inertia and elasticity also damping is considered.  The model rules are discussed especially with respect to models of ship hulls of which the radiation into the surrounding water has to be measured.  Some applications are outlined.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Sun, 25 Feb 1973 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/572</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>SOME RESULTS IN COMBUSTION GENERATED NOISE</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/5425</link>
      <description><![CDATA[This paper contains some analytical results aimed toward understanding of prior experimental results in noise generated by the turbulent combustion process.  It is proven that regardless of the turbulence structure the far field sound pressure is directly proportional to the first Eulerian time derivative of the chemical reaction rate integrated over the reacting volume.  The characteristics of the correlation function for this reaction rate time derivative are investigated through elementary reasoning for several simple premixed turbulent flame models.  Scaling rules for the sound power output are obtained and compared with experiment.  The directional characteristics of the radiated sound are investigated.  It is shown that preferred directionality due to the source behavior is minor and that observed directionality must be explained by other phenomena such as refraction at temperature discontinuities.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Fri, 27 Oct 1972 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/5425</guid>
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