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    <title>Transport Research International Documentation (TRID)</title>
    <link>https://trid.trb.org/</link>
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    <language>en-us</language>
    <copyright>Copyright © 2026. National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.</copyright>
    <docs>http://blogs.law.harvard.edu/tech/rss</docs>
    <managingEditor>tris-trb@nas.edu (Bill McLeod)</managingEditor>
    <webMaster>tris-trb@nas.edu (Bill McLeod)</webMaster>
    <image>
      <title>Transport Research International Documentation (TRID)</title>
      <url>https://trid.trb.org/Images/PageHeader-wTitle.jpg</url>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/</link>
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    <item>
      <title>What matters in promoting new town by High-Speed Railway station? Evidence from China</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2445514</link>
      <description><![CDATA[While theoretically High-Speed Rail (HSR) should stimulate local development, in practice, the emergence of prosperous HSR-driven new towns is not always guaranteed. A depth and comprehensive exploration of determinants of HSR new town development, especially station-district conditions, is lacking. Using a dataset of newly constructed HSR stations in China for the period 2009–2019, the authors employ an interpretable model combining Gradient Boosting Decision Tree (GBDT) and SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) to explore how macro-level urban development, the meso-level HSR station-district conditions, and the micro-level HSR station environment influence HSR station area development. The results indicate that travel convenience to HSR station and station location significantly enhance the development of HSR new towns. Public transit lines and metro have positive effects, and the distances to the city center or pre-existing station exhibit negative impacts. They also identify an inverse relationship that urban and station-district economic levels drive HSR new town development. What's more, they identify the nonlinear and threshold effects and analyze the interactive effects of different influencing factors. These findings offer new perspectives on the promotion of the efficient development of HSR new towns.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 27 Nov 2024 13:44:07 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2445514</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Simulation of land use changes by capturing the different impacts of rail transit in both mother city and new towns</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2438142</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Rail transit system plays an important role in connecting the urban center, new towns and suburbs in the metropolitan area. Exploring the methods of integrating rail transit and land use in different locations is essential to improve trip rates and promote transit-oriented development (TOD). Taking Wuhan, China, as a case study, this research uses a cellular automaton-based random forest (CA-RF) model to simulate land use change surrounding rail transit by capturing the impact differences in mother city (MC) and new towns (NT). An impact area identification model is proposed to recognize the most sensitive threshold of land use change in both MC and NT stations, which are 1000m and 1200m, respectively. The characteristics of land use change from 2010 to 2020 are analyzed and compared. The CA-RF model calibration shows that transportation and spatial accessibility present wide variations in driving land use change surrounding the MC and NT stations. The high accuracy of CA-RF model, which is 88.1% for MC and 82.1% for NT, indicating its effectiveness in quantifying the non-linear relationship of land use change and spatial attributes. The forecasted land use maps for proposed rail stations provide a reference for governments and planners in policy intervention and decision-making. This research framework can be applied to other metropolitans to explore the regulations of land use development and promote transit-oriented sustainable development.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 22 Oct 2024 17:10:10 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2438142</guid>
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    <item>
      <title>Long Commutes, Work-Life Balance, and Well-Being: A Mixed-Methods Study of Hong Kong’s New-Town Residents</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2227871</link>
      <description><![CDATA[This study examines the cascading effects of long commutes on the work-life balance and subjective well-being of commuters from Hong Kong’s new towns. We collected questionnaire surveys and developed a structural equation model. Our results show that new-town commuters experienced lower levels of travel satisfaction, work-life balance, and subjective well-being. Meanwhile, our qualitative analysis of interview transcripts reveals that new-town residents endure longer commutes for various reasons but primarily to enjoy the better natural environment and living conditions available in suburban areas. However, the inadequate supply of public amenities and social and cultural venues in the suburbs can undermine well-being.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Fri, 22 Sep 2023 09:08:18 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2227871</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Job accessibility and joint household travel: a study of Hong Kong with a particular focus on new town residents</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1857659</link>
      <description><![CDATA[This study advances understanding of the role of residential location in joint household travel and activities for non-work purposes in an Asian city context. This has been done by investigating the relationship between job accessibility, and the undertaking and duration of joint travel and activities of multi-person households in Hong Kong. Particular attention was given to the difference between new town and urban-area commuters who experienced marked different levels of job accessibility as a result of their residential locations. Drawing on the 2011 household travel survey, a suite of multivariable analysis was carried out. The findings highlight that: (1) longer working hours were associated with a lower probability of joint household travel and activities for new town and urban-area commuters alike; (2) longer commute and working hours significantly reduced the time window for joint household activities; (3) and job accessibility played a more important role in affecting the opportunities for discretionary joint household activities among new town commuters than urban-area commuters. The implications of these findings can be used to inform policymaking to increase the opportunities and time window for joint household travel and activities among new town commuters. Potential avenues for future research are also identified.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 26 Jul 2021 15:48:15 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1857659</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Hope and reality of new towns under greenbelt regulation: The case of self-containment or transit-oriented metropolises of the first-generation new towns in the Seoul Metropolitan Area, South Korea</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1700681</link>
      <description><![CDATA[A new town's self-containment under greenbelt regulations is a planner's hope modelled after Howard's historical proposal. A planner chooses whether to increase the new town's size to improve its self-containment or to form satellite-city networks. If the hope is an unattainable goal, a planner in reality should consider mass-transit connection with existing urban centres. The first-generation new towns in Korea can provide an important lesson as they can be categorised into large-sized self-containment towns and mid-sized networked towns, both of which followed transit-oriented developments. By reviewing the historical background and using multilevel multinomial logistic analysis of commuting data, this study confirmed the following results. First, the commuting rate to Seoul from the larger two new towns is no better than from the other three mid-sized towns. Second, networked new towns with the surrounding satellite cities promoted commutes to the periphery, but the rate of automobile usage is high. Finally, as the government invested in improvements of the transit connections, all five new towns achieved the goal of being sustainable regarding transit use. In the automobile age, a planner building a new town under urban containment regulations should embrace the difficulties of achieving a metropolis that is both self-contained and transit-oriented.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 26 May 2020 10:42:15 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1700681</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Quantitative Analysis of Carbon Emissions for New Town Planning Based on the System Dynamics Approach</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1532319</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The high contribution of new constructions to rapidly growing carbon emissions renders the planning of new towns a strategic element to consider in building sustainable cities. However, studies on qualitative prediction of carbon emission for new town planning are still deficient. This paper uses system dynamics approach and establishes a “population-economy-land-carbon emission” model to perform, unlike previous models, quantitative predictions on new towns, sector by sector. The prediction model which is applied to Xishan new town (Urumqi) can be used to select the best planning scenario based on the predictions of carbon emission and land-use economic efficiency. The model can also help determine the key sectors—the industrial sector in this case—to consider in carbon regulation strategies along with the economic targets. The model applied to Xishan reveals also that considering the building sector, renewable energies should be promoted, especially for heating. Transportation systems should be operated based on the population density to avoid more pollution than necessary. Finally, the study shows that cities must rely on a larger, perhaps even regional, the scale of green spaces to be meet carbon sequestration challenges. The standard framework used here can be considered for other towns in similar climatic zones of China.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 18 Sep 2018 09:36:16 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1532319</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>The New Town Development in Ecological Sensitive Area Based on Resilience Thinking</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1396010</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Resilience thinking is the basis to guide the ecological sensitive area sustainable development. Resilience thinking revolves around system changes and to ignore or resist change makes us more susceptible to damage. The research attempts to apply resilience thinking in new town development in ecological sensitive areas. In particular, the paper proposes to impose ecological capacity control and projection of construction scales in the planning stage, to build an operational index system between planning and implementation, to avail the feedback mechanism in decision-making, and to ensure accurate implementation of the plan.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 23 Feb 2016 15:26:59 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1396010</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Modeling and Application of Passenger Transport Network Capacity in New Town Based on Control Indicators</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1280571</link>
      <description><![CDATA[In order to reflect the uncertainty of traffic demand and the orienting of planning schemes in new town, a bi-level programming model of passenger transport network capacity is proposed here based on travel choice behavior model. In the model, the objective function is to maximize the road network capacity. The saturation of road sections, the community development intensity and the public transit trip contribution rate are defined as control indicators, among which the interactive control relationships are revealed. Furthermore, a corresponding solution algorithm is also presented. At last, a numeric example is studied to verify the effectiveness of the model and the algorithm. The results show that the model and the algorithm are of highly effective and available in practice.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Fri, 24 Jan 2014 14:29:34 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1280571</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Phoenix aus der Asche: das "neue Dortmund" baut sich seine "erste Adresse"</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1259897</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Das Phoenix-Projekt im Dortmunder Arbeiterstadtteil Hoerde zaehlt zu den groessten und bedeutendsten Konversionsprojekten Deutschlands. Auf den Flaechen des ehemaligen Hochofen- und Stahlwerkgelaendes von Hoesch beziehungsweise Thyssen Krupp entsteht auf insgesamt ueber 200 Hektar Entwicklungsflaeche ein ganz neues Stadtgebiet: auf der einen Seite der Technologiepark Phoenix West, auf der anderen das Wohn-, Dienstleistungs- und Freizeitgebiet Phoenix Ost rund um den kuenstlich angelegten Phoenix See. Zum Gesamtvorhaben gehoert auch der Gruenzug Phoenix Park. Der Beitrag arbeitet die materiell und symbolisch herausragende Bedeutung von Phoenix fuer die Dortmunder wie Hoerder Stadt(teil)entwicklung heraus. Phoenix-Hoerde wird als Ort interpretiert, an dem Dortmund sich demonstrativ von seiner industriellen Vergangenheit verabschiedet und gleichzeitig als international renommierter Wissens- und Technologiestandort neu erfindet. Diese Neuausrichtung der Dortmunder Stadtpolitik beruht auf neuen Governance-Modellen und fokussiert die "kreativen" Mittelschichten als erste Adressaten. Je nach lnteressenlage wird erhofft oder befuerchtet, dass das neue Stadtquartier groessere soziale und staedtebauliche Veraenderungen im direkten Umfeld anstossen wird. (A)]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 21 Aug 2013 10:42:47 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1259897</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>An investigation into the use of the cost-benefit method in urban design</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1222208</link>
      <description><![CDATA[]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 07 Nov 2012 14:39:24 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1222208</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Neue oekonomische Kerne in nordrhein-westfaelichen Stadtregionen: Postsuburbaniseriung und Restrukturierung kernstaedtischer Raeume</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1137122</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Die aktuelle Transformation der Stadtregionen ist gepraegt durch postsuburbane Entwicklungen in der staedtischen Peripherie und durch die gleichzeitige Restrukturierung der Kernstaedte. Um die traditionellen City-Bereiche herum und im Umland entstehen neue oekonomische Kerne in Form von Beschaeftigungs- oder Unternehmenskonzentrationen, die arbeitsteilig verflochten sind. Der vorliegende Beitrag untersucht diese Entwicklungen am Beispiel der nordrhein-westfaelischen Stadtregionen. Dabei wird von der These ausgegangen, dass die neuen oekonomischen Kerne innerhalb der Stadtregionen Nordrhein-Westfalens in ihrem Funktions- und Aufgabenspektrum zunehmend eigenstaendiger gegenueber den traditionellen und neuen Zentren der Kernstaedte werden und sich zwischen den Kernen arbeitsteilige Verflechtungen auf unterschiedlichen Massstabsebenen ausbilden. (A)]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 25 Apr 2012 08:46:11 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1137122</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Der Weg zur wassersensiblen Stadt</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1134860</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Unter "Wassersensible Stadtentwicklung" wird verstanden, Systeme der Regenwasserbewirtschaftung multifunktional einzusetzen und derartig vorhandene Potenziale zur Aufwertung von Stadtraeumen zu nutzen. Das bedeutet eine umfassende interdisziplinaere Zusammenarbeit von Wassermanagement, Staedtebau und Freiraumplanung. Ziel ist die lueckenlose Verbindung der Anforderungen von urbanem Wassermanagement und Staedtebau zur Schaffung allseits nutzbarer, attraktiver Freiraeume im Stadtgefuege. Ein Katalog von Massnahmen wurde von der Universitaet Hamburg im Rahmen des internationalen Forschungsprojekts SWITCH erarbeitet. Als Beispiele fuer solcherart wassersensible Stadtentwicklung stellt der Aufsatz Aktivitaeten in Portland (US-Staat Oregon) und in Rotterdam (Niederlande) in Text und Bild vor. Belegt wird, wie Wasser in der Stadt sicht- und erlebbar gemacht werden kann, wie Staedte auf diese Weise gruener und lebenswerter werden. Voraussetzung fuer die Initiierung derartiger Vorhaben ist eine konsequente Zusammenarbeit aller kommunalen Planungsinstanzen in den relevanten Fachgebieten und Fachaemtern.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 20 Mar 2012 12:02:45 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1134860</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>LA CIRCULATION DANS LES ZONES URBAINES EN GRANDE-BRETAGNE.</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1081796</link>
      <description><![CDATA[A L'HEURE ACTUELLE LA CIRCULATION A L'INTERIEUR DES VILLES PRESENTE DES INCONVENIENTS MULTIPLES : ACCIDENTS, POLLUTION, BRUITS, PERTES DE TEMPS, ETC. L'AUTEUR COMMENTE L'EVOLUTION DE LA CIRCULATION AU COURS DES 60 DERNIERES ANNEES EN  GRANDE-BRETAGNE, EN SOULIGNANT LES PERTURBATIONS QU'ELLE A PROVOQUE DANS LES VILLES CONCUES DANS LE PASSE. PUIS IL DECRIT LA PLANIFICATION MISE EN OEUVRE DANS LES VILLES RECENTES TELLES QUE CUMBERLAND, BASINGSTOKE, CROWLEY ET STEVENAGE, EN SOULIGNANT LES RESULTATS OBTENUS. ENFIN, IL EVOQUE LA TENTATIVE D'ETABLISSEMENT DE NORMES D'ENVIRONNEMENT QUE MENE ACTUELLEMENT LE SERVICE DIRIGE PAR LE PROFESSEUR BUCHANAN, A L'IMPERIAL COLLEGE DE LONDRES.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Sun, 21 Nov 2010 18:48:02 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1081796</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>PLANS DE CIRCULATION ET GENE DES POPULATIONS SOUMISES AU BRUIT DE TRAFIC.</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1080667</link>
      <description><![CDATA[1 - UNE PREMIERE ETAPE D'ORDRE METHODOLOGIQUE DEFINIRA LA PRISE EN COMPTE  DES DIVERSES NATURES DE GENE PROVOQUEES PAR LE BRUIT DE CIRCULATION AUPRES DES RESIDENTS OU DES DIVERS TYPES D'ACTIFS. DES CONTACTS AVEC LES RESPONSABLES ETRANGERS ET DES RESPONSABLES DES VILLES NOUVELLES EN FRANCE SERONT PRIS. ELLE DEVRA DEBOUCHER SUR LES CRITERES A PRENDRE EN COMPTE POUR JUGER UN PLAN DE CIRCULATION ET SUR LES CARACTERISTIQUES DU TRAFIC QUI SERVENT A LES EVALUER. 2 - UNE DEUXIEME ETAPE COMPORTERA DES MESURES DE BRUIT EN  SITE URBAIN POUR L'ETUDE DE CAS SIMPLES : MISES A SENS UNIQUE, PASSAGES DENIVELES, DETOURNEMENT DE TRAFIC DE POIDS LOURDS, ETC... 3 - ENSUITE, UN ESSAI D'APPRECIATION SUR PLAN POUR PLUSIEURS ORGANISATIONS DE LA CIRCULATION DANS UNE MEME VILLE SERA ELABORE. 4 - UN DERNIER TRAVAIL, DE PLUS LONGUE HALEINE, COMPORTERA DES MESURES DE BRUIT REPARTIES AU PRORATA DES POPULATIONS TOUCHEES AVANT ET APRES LA MISE EN SERVICE D'UN PLAN DE CIRCULATION.  CETTE ETUDE LONGITUDINALE CONCERNERA UNE VILLE DE 50 000 A 200 000 HABITANTS OU UN SECTEUR D'UNE AGGLOMERATION PLUS IMPORTANTE.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Sun, 21 Nov 2010 18:13:33 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1080667</guid>
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      <title>DAS ENTWICKLUNGSMODELL FUER HAMBURG UND SEIN UMLAND</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1080457</link>
      <description><![CDATA[DAS ENTWICKLUNGSMODELL UMFASST ERSTMALIG DAS UMLAND AUCH AUSSERHALB DES STADTSTAATES HAMBURG BIS ZU EINEM RADIUS VON CA. 40 KM UM DIE CITY HAMBURGS, BEZOGEN AUF DAS ENDE DES JAHRHUNDERTS. DIE GESELLSCHAFTSPOLITISCHEN ZIELVORSTELLUNGEN SINDMIT DEN NACHBARLAENDERN ABGESTIMMT. AUSGANGSDATEN SIND EINWOHNERZAHL, GESCHOSSFLAECHEN JE EINWOHNER, DIE BEMESSUNG DER GEWERBLICHEN BAUFLAECHEN UND DES HAFENS. DER PLAN SIEHT MEHRERE VERKEHRSACHSEN, DIE SCHAFFUNG VON 5 ENTLASTUNGSZENTREN AUSSERHALB DER CITY, EIN HAUPTVERKEHRSNETZ FUER STRASSEN, SCHNELLBAHNEN UND FLUGHAFEN SOWIE NAHERHOLUNGSRAEUME IM RAHMEN DER FREIFLAECHENPLANUNG VOR.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Sun, 21 Nov 2010 18:08:17 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1080457</guid>
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