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    <copyright>Copyright © 2026. National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.</copyright>
    <docs>http://blogs.law.harvard.edu/tech/rss</docs>
    <managingEditor>tris-trb@nas.edu (Bill McLeod)</managingEditor>
    <webMaster>tris-trb@nas.edu (Bill McLeod)</webMaster>
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      <title>Intelligent energy management system for renewable energy driven ship</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1593859</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Utilisation of renewable energy sources (RES) is increasing day by day to reduce greenhouse emissions. The toxic emission from ship is the main concern in marine sector. Here, utilisation of renewable energy for propulsion and electrification of accessories in a ship are proposed. Microgrid with AC and DC bus is developed using solar panels, wind mills, fuel cell, diesel generator, and energy storage devices. Energy management system with two fuzzy logic controllers (FLCs) is used to select and manage energy in the microgrid. Selection of source is decided by FLC1 based on the availability of RES. Generation of control pulses for inter-linking converters is decided by FLC2 based on variation in solar irradiance and wind velocity. The microgrid with RES is simulated using MATLAB/SIMULINK. The results show that uncertainty in RES can be handled by FLCs to provide a continuous power supply for transportation of ship and its accessories.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 01 May 2019 09:34:13 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1593859</guid>
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    <item>
      <title>A Cost-Efficient Approach to EV Charging Station Integrated Community Microgrid: A Case Study of Indian Power Market</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1593844</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Rising atmospheric adulteration due to exponential growth in urbanization, industrialization, and increasing the number of on-road vehicles is raising an alarming situation for urban communities. To mitigate the effects of this escalating issue, there is direct need for implementation of alternative fuel-based distributed generation and transportation system. In this paper, an optimal framework of energy management system (EMS) for public electric vehicles (EVs) charging station integrated with the community microgrid is proposed, based on switching mechanism from one trading market to another. The proposed framework is executed by formulating a mix integer, nonlinear problem under multiple trading locations. The aim of EMS is to minimize the cost of energy to charge the vehicle and to meet the community load, demand while maximizing the selling cost of the surplus energy of a solar photovoltaic system and the energy discharged by EVs. The proposed approach is applied to a 100-house community in the context of the Indian community, assuming each house governs one EV and returning charging station to charge and discharge the EV.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 29 Apr 2019 09:28:53 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1593844</guid>
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      <title>Real-Time Optimal Energy Management Controller for Electric Vehicle Integration in Workplace Microgrid</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1593842</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Electric vehicles (EVs) that are connected to the charging station of a parking lot in a workplace can be considered as potential power sources. These EVs can be operated in both grid-to-vehicle (G2V) and vehicle-to-grid (V2G) modes of power transfer. However, an intelligent energy management (EM) controller is required for providing optimal schedule for V2G and G2V modes of operation. This paper proposes a real-time optimal EM controller for EV to grid integration for workplace microgrid system. In this proposed EM scheme, charging and discharging of EV battery are scheduled by forecasting the EV travel pattern using random forest methodology. In addition, the EM scheme is designed as optimization problem that utilizes this predicted EV travel data to minimize the cost energy consumption at the workplace. The EM scheme is developed by considering economic benefits to both the EV owner and the workplace. The EM controller is developed using Java Agent Development framework, and it is tested with real-world data in real-time simulation testbed. The real-time testbed is developed by interfacing two Typhoon hardware-in-loop units emulating two EV batteries, and real-time digital simulator emulating the grid-side power network.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 29 Apr 2019 09:28:53 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1593842</guid>
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      <title>The Impact of the Time Delay on the Load Frequency Control System in Microgrid with Plug-In-Electric Vehicles</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1563184</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Power systems are evolving in the form of small entities called Microgrids. In this scenario, different renewable and conventional energy sources are integrated together to form the Microgrid and to satisfy a specific load. The frequency is an indication of the balance between the generation and the demand. In the conventional power system, the generators are used to balance the frequency. The emerging new technologies such as the Plug-in-Electric vehicles can play a great role in the stability of the load frequency control system. In this paper, the stability of a Microgrid with plug-in-electric vehicles and communication delay is investigated. The Microgrid controller communicates wirelessly with the plug-in electric vehicle and they form a kind of time delay system. A Microgrid model with plug-in electric vehicles and communication delay is presented in this paper. Lyapunov-Krasovskii functional is used to derive stability criterion in form of Linear Matrix Inequalities. Through solving the Linear Matrix Inequalities the maximum time delay that guarantees the stability of the Microgrid is determined. The parameters that affecting the stability and the maximum allowable delay are determined which are; the PI controller gains, the Microgrid inertia, the PEV gain and the PEV time constant.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 26 Nov 2018 16:55:29 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1563184</guid>
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    <item>
      <title>A Micro-Distributed ESS-Based Smart LED Streetlight System for Intelligent Demand Management of the Micro Grid</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1553169</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Currently, many researchers worldwide are focusing on creating a novel service model by integrating IoT (Internet of Things) technologies with ICT (Information and Communications Technologies) to increase energy efficiency by reducing power consumption and greenhouse gas emissions. This paper examines the problems related to the current integrated ESS (Energy Storage System) in a smart grid: high installation costs and low management efficiency. To solve these problems, this paper studies the development of a micro-distributed ESS in an intelligent LED (Light Emitting Diode) streetlight system, and its low-cost installation and high management efficiency in a micro grid. Through the application of this system, the initial installation costs can be reduced by using micro-distributed ESS and IoT-based intelligent energy management, facilitating power monitoring of the streetlights and energy efficient demand resource management in the micro grid. This provides a more intelligent and efficient environment, such as in a smart-city.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Thu, 01 Nov 2018 09:29:15 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1553169</guid>
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      <title>Microgrids and Their Application for Airports and Public Transit</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1539545</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The focus of this report is on describing microgrids that airports and public transit agencies can implement to increase resilience of their critical infrastructure. A microgrid is described as a collection of loads, on-site energy sources, local energy storage systems, and an overarching control system. Developments in control technologies have seen advanced microgrid controllers expand microgrid functionality to create new value streams and revenue opportunities, increasing microgrid viability to many more sectors. This synthesis describes the benefits, challenges, costs, revenue streams, and ownership structures relevant to airports and public transit entities.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 12 Sep 2018 10:58:40 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1539545</guid>
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