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    <title>Transport Research International Documentation (TRID)</title>
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    <copyright>Copyright © 2026. National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.</copyright>
    <docs>http://blogs.law.harvard.edu/tech/rss</docs>
    <managingEditor>tris-trb@nas.edu (Bill McLeod)</managingEditor>
    <webMaster>tris-trb@nas.edu (Bill McLeod)</webMaster>
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      <title>Transport Research International Documentation (TRID)</title>
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      <title>Flight Tests of the American Electronic Laboratories, Inc. [AEL]/Narco Low Cost General Aviation Microwave Landing System [MLS] Receiver</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2705984</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The objective is to evaluate performance characteristics of a low-cost Microwave Landing System (MLS) receiver (American Electronic Laboratories, Inc. (AEL) / NARCO Avionics) through comparative flight tests with a standard Bendix receiver. The analog outputs and system flags to the pilot's course deviation indicator (CDI) from both units will be compared for relative performance in the proportional guidance region, the clearance (fly left/right, up/down) region, and out-of-coverage (side lobe suppression (SL)) region. In addition, comparative flight data will be collected using a number of different MLS ground systems, each in a different locale. Digital angle data will not be collected from both receivers because a special parallel to serial interface unit is not available to modify the nonstandard AEL/NARCO output.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 16 Jun 2026 14:10:45 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2705984</guid>
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    <item>
      <title>Preliminary Software Test for the Bendix Microwave Landing System (MLS) Step Receiver</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2705402</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The objective of this project is to test a new Bendix Microwave Landing System (MLS) Service Test and Evaluation Program (STEP) receiver through comparative bench, instrumented van, and flight tests with an existing Bendix Phase III MLS receiver. Test results will provide performance data for software evaluation before the resident software is finalized and accepted to assure satisfactory receiver performance for use in the STEP program by the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) and other participants. ACT-lODE will provide the Contracting Officer's Technical Representative (COTR) in ARD-320 with the necessary timely feedback pertaining to detected receiver problem areas to facilitate corrective receiver software modifications.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 16 Jun 2026 14:10:45 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2705402</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Microwave Landing System Flare Subsystem Test</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2705392</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Microwave Landing System (MLS) Flare subsystem performance data were collected on a specially instrumented Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) Technical Center aircraft. The airborne data were compared with a theodolite tracking system reference and error plots generated. Due to extensive lightning damage only two flight tests were performed. Flare subsystem accuracy could not be determined because of insufficient data.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 15 Jun 2026 17:09:08 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2705392</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>First Quarterly Data Report for the Reliability and Maintainability Evaluation of the Basic Wide Microwave Landing System at Wallops Island, Virginia</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2703707</link>
      <description><![CDATA[This is the first quarterly data report on the reliability and maintainability evaluation of the Basic Wide Microwave Landing System located at Wallops Island, Virginia. Chargeable and nonchargeable failures are defined. Chargeable failures are listed, and calculated reliability values are presented.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 15 Jun 2026 09:20:13 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2703707</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Test Plan for the Reliability and Maintainability Evaluation of the Basic Wide Microwave Landing System at Wallops Island, Virginia</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2703682</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The Microwave Landing System (MLS) Basic-Wide System at Wallops Island, Virginia, will be evaluated to determine the operational subsystem and system mean times between failures (MTBF) and mean times to repair (MTTR). Failure rates will be calculated. The calculated values will be compared with the contractor's predicted values. Reliability and maintainability weak points or problem areas will be determined.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 08 Jun 2026 15:26:02 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2703682</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Second Quarterly Data Report for Reliability and Maintainability Evaluation of the Basic Wide Microwave Landing System at Wallops Island, Virginia</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2704015</link>
      <description><![CDATA[This is the second quarterly data report on the reliability and maintainability evaluation of the Basic Wide Microwave Landing System located at Wallops Island, Virginia. It covers the period August 1 through October 31, 1980. Chargeable failures are listed, and calculated reliability values are presented. System and subsystem mean time between failure (MTBF) and mean time to repair (MTTR) measured values are included. System MTBF's are compared with predicted and specified values.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Sun, 07 Jun 2026 17:29:34 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2704015</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Microwave Landing System (MLS) Clearance Format Assessment Tests</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2701096</link>
      <description><![CDATA[This data report documents the Microwave Landing System (MLS) clearance format assessment tests performed at the Federal Aviation Administration Technical Center from January through February 1980. The test data were provided for inclusion in the United States presentation for the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) All-Weather Operation Panel-8 meeting in Montreal in March 1980.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Sun, 31 May 2026 16:45:52 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2701096</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Flight Tests of the Microwave Landing System Multimode Digital Processor</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2698480</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Flight tests were performed to order to evaluate four digital airborne processing techniques. Four techniques used for processing Microwave Landing System (MLS) time reference scanning beam (TRSB) signals are: (1) dwell-gate processing (DGP), (2) single-edge processing (SEP), (3) dual-edge processing (DEP), and (4) split gate processing (SPGT). These techniques were flight tested under standard partial orbits, glide slopes, and aircraft shadowing. Overall, the SPGT and DGP techniques resulted to about the same errors. The SEP data were noisier than the DGP but usually had about the same bias. The DEP technique was always inferior to the DGP. Aircraft shadowing errors were excessive for all techniques and should be avoided by operating procedures when an aircraft nears the touchdown region. It is recommended that the DEP algorithm be changed for improved noise performance and flight tests be performed using all four processing techniques in a specular multipath environment and under conditions using two azimuth antennas having different beam widths (these tests were not performed because of equipment nonavailability during flight testing).]]></description>
      <pubDate>Sat, 30 May 2026 18:30:15 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2698480</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>2014 Federal Radionavigation Plan</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1361249</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The Federal Radionavigation Plan (FRP) reflects the official positioning, navigation, and timing (PNT) policy and planning for the Federal Government. Within the construct of the National PNT Architecture, the FRP covers both terrestrial- and space-based, common-use, federally operated PNT systems. Systems used exclusively by the military are covered in Chairman, Joint Chiefs of Staff Instruction 6130.01, DoD Master Positioning, Navigation, and Timing Plan (MPNTP). The FRP does not include systems that mainly perform surveillance and communication functions. The policies and operating plans described in this document cover the following PNT systems: Global Positioning System (GPS); Augmentations to GPS; Instrument Landing System (ILS); Very High Frequency (VHF) Omnidirectional Range (VOR); Distance Measuring Equipment (DME); Tactical Air Navigation (TACAN); Aeronautical Nondirectional Beacon (NDB); Microwave Landing System (MLS); Internet Time Service (ITS); Radio Station WWVB signal; Two-Way Satellite Time Transfer (TWSTT); and Network Time Protocol (NTP). The FRP is composed of the following sections: (1) Introduction to the Federal Radionavigation Plan; (2) Roles and Responsibilities; (3) Policy; (4) PNT User Requirements; (5) Operating Plans; (6) PNT Architecture Assessment and Evolution; (Appendix A) System Parameters and Descriptions; (Appendix B) PNT Information Services; (Appendix C) Geodetic Reference Systems and Datums; (Appendix D) Acronyms; and (Appendix E) Glossary.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Sat, 25 Jul 2015 15:59:43 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1361249</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Microwave Landing System Signal Requirements for Conventional Aircraft</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1104506</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The results of analysis directed towards determining Microwave Landing System (MLS) signal requirements for conventional aircraft are discussed. The phases of flight considered include straight-in final approach, flareout, and rollout. A limited number of detailed problems in performance analysis are studied. Data from computer simulation, covariance propagation and system optimization, with a careful selection of variables provides a means for generalizing from the results of specific experiments to more comprehensive functional, data rate, beam noise, and I control system requirements for automatic landing in turbulence. Conclusions point toward the requirements for a re-evaluation of the MLS as sole primary landing aid; the problem arises during flareout in turbulence, when elevation information is inadequate to maintain precise sink rate control. Minimum suitable data rate and maximum allowable noise for final approach are also recommended.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Thu, 23 Jun 2011 09:07:30 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1104506</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Landing systems</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/916718</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Subtitle: Piers Applegarth explores the myth of the microwave.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 04 May 2010 08:34:57 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/916718</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>APPROACH PATH SLOWS</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/752159</link>
      <description><![CDATA[SUBTITLE: PLANS FOR NEW LANDING GUIDANCE SYSTEMS ARE STILL IN THE HOLDING PATTERN.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 13 Apr 2005 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/752159</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>HOW WILL YOU LAND TOMORROW?: CONTINUOUS TECHNOLOGY PROGRESS FOR CONVENTIONAL AND SATELLITE-BASED NAVIGATIONAL AIDS IMPROVES SAFETY BOTH IN THE AIR AND ON THE LANDING</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/703925</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Landing and navigation systems have their roots in the earliest patented designs that date back to aviation's earliest days. The most common navigation aid is the instrument landing system, which provides the pilot with continuous information about his location relative to the runway surface under low visibility. In 1978, the microwave landing system was deployed, which provides the highest level of signal accuracy and stability to supplement the instrument landing system. It offers wider coverage, missed approach, curved approach guidance and added frequencies that increase interoperability. The next logical advance, satellite-guided systems using GPS, has taken longer to implement than anticipated. This article describes various technical requirements and advances of all three types of aids and explores some of the major aspects of the next most promising development, ground-based augmentation systems, which provides differential correction data and integrity information as well as approach path via a digital VHF broadcast.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 06 Jul 2004 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/703925</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>FEASIBILITY OF A SEPARATE SHORT RUNWAY FOR COMMUTER AND GENERAL AVIATION TRAFFIC AT DENVER</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/162249</link>
      <description><![CDATA[An analysis is made of the feasibility of a short, separate runway for general aviation at Denver's Stapleton International Airport and how it may be facilitated by FAA Engineering and Development products. General aviation is defined as private, corporate, and fixed base operators (flight schools and air taxis), and commuter airlines. The analysis is for Instrument Meteorological Conditions using current ATC procedures and consists of: runway placement, obstacle clearance, location of navigational aids, airspace design to segregate aircraft by type to two separate parallel runways, and the design of taxi patterns to allow unimpeded movement of ground traffic. Details of ILS siting such as terrain and multipath problems are not addressed. (Author)]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 30 Dec 2003 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/162249</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>MLS MULTIPATH STUDIES. PHASE 3. VOLUME II. DEVELOPMENT AND VALIADATION OF MODEL FOR MLS TECHNIQUES</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/162186</link>
      <description><![CDATA[This report presents work done during phase 3 of the US national Microwave Landing System (MLS) program toward the developing of a computer simulation mode of MLS multipath effects, the experimental validation of the model, and the application of the model to investigate multipath performance of ICAO proposals for the new approach and landing guidance system. The second volume of the report presents the mathematical models and validation data for the MLS techniques which were assessed in detail by the All weather Operations Panel of the International Civil Aviation Organization. The specific technques modeled are: 1. The Time Reference Scanning Beam (TRSB) system proposed by the United States (US) and Australia, with prime emphasis on the US equipment implementation and field test data, 2. the Doppler scan (DMLS) proposed by the United Kingdom, 3. the DME Based Landing System (DLS) proposed by the Federal Republic of Germany. (Author)]]></description>
      <pubDate>Thu, 11 Dec 2003 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/162186</guid>
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