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    <title>Transport Research International Documentation (TRID)</title>
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    <copyright>Copyright © 2026. National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.</copyright>
    <docs>http://blogs.law.harvard.edu/tech/rss</docs>
    <managingEditor>tris-trb@nas.edu (Bill McLeod)</managingEditor>
    <webMaster>tris-trb@nas.edu (Bill McLeod)</webMaster>
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      <title>Transport Research International Documentation (TRID)</title>
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    <item>
      <title>A RADIOMETRIC SYSTEM FOR ROAD SURFACE CONDITION MONITORING</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/487994</link>
      <description><![CDATA[This paper illustrates a road surface condition monitoring system for new conception and reports results collected during the first experimental stage (Italy, November '96 - March '97). The system is based on the analysis of asphalt electromagnetic emission.  We like to point out that this is a passive technology and no forced microwave emission is necessary.  The system, installed on a mobile vehicle, is able to check the amount of humidity, the presence of ice or snow on the road surface along the whole motorway.  Ice formation forecasting is also obtained.  A description of a prototype of mobile vehicle equipped with this system is given.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 19 Aug 1998 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/487994</guid>
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      <title>SEASAT SERVES MARINE INDUSTRY USERS</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/87851</link>
      <description><![CDATA[SEASAT sparked to life on the twenty sixth of June 1978 providing heretofore unavailable coverage of the worlds oceans.  For the first time a space platform used an array of active and passive microwave sensors which could penetrate weather and cloud layers and were impervious to day/night conditions.  As a brand new star in our technological galaxy, SEASAT uniquely mapped the global oceans every 36 hours until a power failure caused its untimely death barely more than 100 days after its birth. What survived was a collection of incredible radar images of surface conditions; a continuous synoptic view of global surface wind and temperature measurements; important topographic data ranging from the essentially stable geoid to the varying behavior of currents, tides and daily sea state of surface roughness conditions; and more importantly the unquenched interest of thousands of users that had been preparing for over five years for SEASAT.  The early data that poured forth from SEASAT fanned the already eager interest of domestic and international scientists and industrial users.  What remains is a rare and valuable data set that proves that such a system will work, balanced with an unfullfilled need to apply these technologies for the public good in future programs.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 31 Jul 1979 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/87851</guid>
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      <title>THE OFFSHORE ENVIRONMENT: A PERSPECTIVE FROM SEASAT-1 SAR DATA</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/87852</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The short lifetime of NASA's Seasat-l satellite (June 26-Oct. 10, 1978) was compensated for by the quality of the imagery produced by the synthetic aperture imaging radar (SAR).  The limited amount of SAR data processed so far, indicate that the oceanwave imaging capability ranges from waves produced in the generally low sea-state conditions during the summer months of 1978 to those produced under hurricane-force conditions, and that the high-density radar coverage in the Arctic can be used to chart the distribution of sea ice that has varying surface morphology. Additionally, information on the mechanics of currents and internal waves may be derivable.  The areas covered by Seasat-1 correspond to many of North America's and Europe's petroleum development regions, and the acquired SAR data may be useful as a synoptic overview of possible oceanic processes and, through model calibration, to offshore shipping and oil and gas operations and to evaluating design concepts for offshore structures.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 31 Jul 1979 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/87852</guid>
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    <item>
      <title>A REPORT ON SHIPBOARD WAVEHEIGHT RADAR SYSTEM (SL-7-13)</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/83288</link>
      <description><![CDATA[A microwave shipboard wave-height radar sensor for measuring ocean wave spectra, developed by the Naval Research Laboratory, was installed on the containership S.S. McLean, February, 1975.  The sensor's performance, design, and analysis of data for one data run are discussed.  The radar system has a 3 centimeters wavelength, 2 nanoseconds pulse width, 100 watts of peak transmitted power, 10,000 pulse per second repetition rate, 2-foot parabola antenna diameter, 7 decibel receiver noise figure, 100 pulses per second equivalent pulse processing rate, and a 1-foot resolution. Results are in reasonalbe agreement with airborne measurements.  Areas for improving the system are also discussed. /Author/]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 25 Apr 1979 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/83288</guid>
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    <item>
      <title>EVALUATION OF A PASSIVE MICROWAVE TECHNIQUE FOR THE MEASUREMENT OF OIL FILM THICKNESS IN A TEST TANK ENVIRONMENT</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/61322</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The performance testing and evaluation of various oil slick containment and cleanup devices, such as booms and skimmers, requires an accurate determination of the distribution and thickness of the oil being contained or recovered from the water surface.  The results of a series of airborne measurements of marine oil spills sponsored by the U.S. Coast Guard, have demonstrated the remote determination of oil slick thickness using a multifrequency passive microwave technique.  The objective of the present investigation is to develop and apply this technique to the measurement of oil film thickness in a test tank environment for the quantization of performance data in oil cleanup and containment device evaluation tests.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 17 Nov 1976 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/61322</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>THE DETERMINATION OF OIL SLICK THICKNESS BY MEANS OF MULTIFREQUENCY PASSIVE MICROWAVE TECHNIQUES</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/31290</link>
      <description><![CDATA[A technique for the remote determination of the thickness and volume of sea surface oil spills using multifrequency microwave radiometry was investigated.  Aircraft-borne measurements were made at 19.3 and 31.0 or 69.8 GHz of a total of fifteen controlled marine oil spills.  The microwave measurements of the oil spills of each oil type showed very similar results.  The slicks formed an identifiable region with film thicknesses of a millimeter or more and containing the majority of oil which was surrounded by a very much larger and thinner slick which contained very little of theoil.  Multifrequency passive microwave radiometry offers the potential to measure the distribution of oil in sea surface oil slicks, locate the thick regions, and measure their thickness and volume on an all-weather, day or night, and real time basis.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Thu, 29 May 1975 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/31290</guid>
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      <title>MICROWAVE SURVEY SYSTEM USED FOR OFFSHORE WORK</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/19436</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Brown & Root, Inc. recently implemented a new Microwave Survey System Utilizing a shipboard computer to control the lay barge L.E. Minor during the installation of 27 mi of 42 in. submarine pipeline offshore Iran.  The system acquires and digitally processes range data from two known shore of platform locations to the lay barge and plots barge coordinate positions on a visual display.  The theoretical, or desired route is also shown.  The barge anchor winch operators make simple right or left corrections for any displayed error.  Absolute accuracy of the plotted coordinates was verified on the job site to be plus or minus 2 meters.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 15 Jul 1974 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/19436</guid>
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    <item>
      <title>THE USE OF A SHIP-BORNE LONG-BASELINE MICROWAVE INTERFEROMETER FOR NAVIGATION</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/14078</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The subject of this report is an examination of the feasibility of using a long-baseline interferometer aboard a ship as a navigational device. The ideal theoretical resolution of such an interferometer with a correlation-receiver has the potential of determining the latitude and longitude of a ship at sea with great accuracy. The report provides the framework for computing position from certain types of data and deals with the special considerations of interferometry pertinent to a navigational system and the navigational technique proper.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 25 Mar 1974 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/14078</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>SENSOR TEST OVERFLIGHT OF CHEVRON OIL SPILL</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2402</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The NASA 927, Earth Resource Aircraft, at Coast Guard Request, flew over the Chevron oil spill on 16 March 1970, during the day and night.  The aircraft was equipped with photographic, infrared, and radar type systems, which collected the data in the oil spill area.  Ground truth data during these overflights was collected by Coast Guard personnel and a team of oceanographers from Louisiana State University.  The initial data received from NASA, Manned Spacecraft Center was restricted to photographic and 8 to 14 micrometer scanner data.  The preliminary analysis of the test results obtained is limited to the above mentioned applicable sensors.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Sun, 25 Nov 1973 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2402</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>MEASUREMENTS OF THE DISTRIBUTION AND VOLUME OF SEA-SURFACE OIL SPILLS USING MULTIFREQUENCY MICROWAVE RADIOMETRY</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/10134</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Multifrequency passive microwave measurements from aircraft have been made of eight controlled marine oil spills.  It was found that over 90 percent of the oil was generally confined in a compact region with thicknesses in excess of 1 mm and comprising less than 10 percent of the area of the visible slick. It is shown that microwave radiometry offers a means to measure the distribution of oil in sea-surface slicks and to locate the thick regions and measure their volume on an all-weather, day-or-night, and realtime basis. (Author)]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 14 Nov 1973 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/10134</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>OIL SPILLS, IR AND MICROWAVE</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/12387</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The preliminary findings of this study point to fruitful areas of directed application research and the techniques should be pursued with vigor and proper governmental funding.  This would ultimately result in greatly reduced costs for spill tracking, source identification, determining the terminal destination and determining the efficiency of clean-up operations.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Fri, 11 May 1973 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/12387</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>MICROWAVE EMISSION CHARACTERISTICS OF OIL SLICKS</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/12145</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Dependence of microwave emission on oil type, age, film thickness, observational wavelength, antenna viewing angle and polarization was examined in the laboratory.  Airborne measurements of controlled oil spills were subsequently performed at wavelengths of 8.1 and 3.2 mm for several refined and crude oil slicks, over a broad range of ocean surface and weather conditions.  Oil slicks on the ocean surface provide unique and readily measurable signatures. Lowest amplitude passive microwave signals were of the order of 5 deg K.  A 5 deg K microwave temperature difference is well within the detection capabilities of airborne passive microwave imaging systems.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Fri, 13 Apr 1973 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/12145</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>SOME PRELIMINARY RESULTS OF 1971 AIRCRAFT MICROWAVE MEASUREMENTS OF ICE IN THE BEAUFORT SEA</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/8054</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Passive microwave data in the 2.8-cm (10.69 GHz) wavelength region were acquired from a NASA aircraft during the 1971 Arctic Ice Dynamics Joint Experiment (AIDJEX).  Comparison of data obtained on a cloud-free day and on a day with a complete cloud cover beneath the aircraft demonstrated that the relative age of sea ice may be observed and mapped adequately by microwave sensing from satellite altitudes regardless of cloud cover.  (Author)]]></description>
      <pubDate>Fri, 02 Mar 1973 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/8054</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>MICROWAVE RADIOMETRIC DETECTION OF OIL SLICKS</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2064</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Two years of research have been conducted to determine the feasibility of using microwave radiometry for the detection, identification, and surveillance of oil pollution. Theoretical studies consisted of a review of contemporary theory concerning parameters that influence microwave emission from both unpolluted and oil-covered seas. Laboratory investigations confirm results obtained from earlier studies and established the response characteristics of the 3.2-mm sensor to continuous oil films.  Airborne measurements of controlled spills off the Southern California Coast were performed with dual-polarized 3.2- and 8.1-mm sensors oriented with a forward antenna viewing angle 45 deg above nadir.  Four sets of oil spills, or missions, were performed to obtain data over a variety of sea-surface conditions.  Pollutants used for the tests included No. 2 diesel fuel, 26.1 and 21.6 API gravity crude oils, and 9.7 API gravity fuel oil.  Significant microwave brightness temperature oil slick signatures were noted for a wide range of ocean conditions (sea states 1-4) and oil film thickness (thickness less than 1 micron and greater).  Based on the experimental results a passive microwave imaging system configuration has been recommended for oil pollution surveillance.  (Author)]]></description>
      <pubDate>Sun, 14 Jan 1973 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2064</guid>
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