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    <title>Transport Research International Documentation (TRID)</title>
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    <copyright>Copyright © 2026. National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.</copyright>
    <docs>http://blogs.law.harvard.edu/tech/rss</docs>
    <managingEditor>tris-trb@nas.edu (Bill McLeod)</managingEditor>
    <webMaster>tris-trb@nas.edu (Bill McLeod)</webMaster>
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      <title>Transport Research International Documentation (TRID)</title>
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      <title>The Impact of the Structure of the Economy on the Evolution of Road Freight Transport: A Macro Analysis from an Input-output Approach</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1414154</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Understanding the link between transport and the economy has been of the greatest concern among researchers and practitioners. This research explores the impact of the economic restructuring processes in the aggregate road freight transport demand. The authors develop a simulation exercise of two alternative economic scenarios over the period 1999–2011 in Spain and the UK by means of an extended Input-Output model. This approach allows the authors to calculate the elasticity range of vehicles-km to GDP depending upon the types of economic activity developed in these countries and their dematerialization level. The results confirm that the transition to more service-oriented economies implies much lower transport requirements, as has been the case in the UK. Furthermore, the comparison of the two countries has contributed to highlight the importance of other sets of non-economic variables, related to technological, logistics and modal factors in the definition of final road freight transport demand.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 24 Aug 2016 16:53:12 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1414154</guid>
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    <item>
      <title>Research on Adaptive Prediction Model of Traffic Safety</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1274894</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The present research on traffic safety shows the connection between the accidents and the impact factors. This connection provides the basis for decision-making. However, the data accumulation of accidents is not comprehensive and changes frequently. In the prediction of traffic safety there have always existed small samples, and nonlinear and partial convergence of technical difficulty. The traditional methodology, such as linear regression, nonlinear regression, etc., can't overcome the problem and the result is not ideal. Therefore, the choice of forecasting method considers using self-learning, self-optimizing characteristics of the adaptive model based on the 1953-2006 statistics and the recent emergence of the RBFN model, the ε -SVR model, and the RF model to predict traffic safety and to compare forecast results. The study shows that the RF model has good adaptability and high prediction accuracy. With China's rapid economic development, the ownership of cars and drivers increased rapidly. The nationwide road milestone is growing, resulting in high rates of road traffic accidents. Through the macro-analysis of road traffic safety, one can summarize the whole situation with the National Transportation Safety accident data for a particular city, grasp the general characteristics of traffic safety, judge the traffic safety trends, identify factors affecting the development of traffic safety, determine trends in traffic safety, identify factors affecting the development of traffic safety, assess road safety policy, etc. Therefore, the macro-analysis of road traffic safety has important practical significance.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 08 Apr 2014 12:20:20 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1274894</guid>
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    <item>
      <title>Two-level evaluation of public transport performances</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1122830</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The focus of this paper is evaluation of public transport (PT) performances. For this purpose the focus is on quantitative performance attributes of tramway network and two levels of the evaluation analysis are defined – the micro and macro level analysis. The two-level evaluation analysis can be used to solve the problem of ambiguity in conclusions about PT performances. The ambiguity appears when the set of collected data is incomplete, misinterpreted, partially analyzed or when some background impacts are neglected. For each level of analysis a set of performance indicators is defined and their mathematical formulations are presented. The selection of indicators is based on the analysis of expected events on the PT vehicle’s itinerary. The applied data collection methodology, necessary for testing of proposed evaluation approach, is described and the results are presented and discussed. It has been found that for a specific case the two-level evaluation analysis can be important for the control of PT performances and transport planning.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 29 Nov 2011 13:43:22 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1122830</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>International Handbook of Maritime Business</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1118620</link>
      <description><![CDATA[This book provides an overview of key contemporary research issues in maritime business, and the concepts and theories used to analyze them. It covers both a mainstream perspective, as well as more emerging view. It contains seventeen chapters written by experts in the field, and can be broken into four parts: (1) an introduction by the editor; (2) macro maritime business theories and concepts (international logistics and supply chains); (3) micro maritime concerns (service models and systems approach to analyzing organizational service quality and effectiveness); and (4) shipping finance and labor issues. It is suggested that this book can serve as a reference for those interested in maritime studies, logistics, international business and marine technology.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Fri, 21 Oct 2011 07:37:36 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1118620</guid>
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      <title>TRANSIT SUPPORTIVE DEVELOPMENT IN THE UNITED STATES: EXPERIENCES AND PROSPECTS</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/386751</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The purpose of this research is to increase the knowledge base of transit-oriented designs as a viable approach to increasing transit usage and reducing automobile dependence.  The phrase 'transit-supportive developments' or 'transit-supportive sites', as used in this report, refers to places with site designs and land-use patterns that are conducive to transit riding and walking.  This report examines recent experiences in the U.S. with transit-supportive designs and developments in the suburbs and exurbs of large metropolitan areas, namely, those served only by bus transit.  The study focuses on the impacts of transit supportive developments on transit demands as well as the barriers to such projects.  The research is organized around the following three levels of analysis:  individual sites and projects (micro-level), neighborhood (intermediate), and the community level (macro).  Implementation issues are addressed, namely, how recent market and regulatory factors have influenced the transit-supportive design movement.  Research results are summarized and policy insights are drawn from the findings. Recommendations are presented on how to best promote transit-supportive developments in the future, and directions for future research are suggested.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Thu, 01 Apr 2004 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/386751</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>LINKING TELECOMMUNICATIONS AND TRANSPORTATION - THE MACRO SIMPLICITY AND THE MICRO COMPLEXITY</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/722742</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Transportation and telecommunications are becoming more and more closely linked.  At the macro level, the correlation between transportation and telecommunications can be observed quite readily.  At the micro level, when measuring modes of travel, trip and traveler types, it is more difficult to pinpoint the relationship and its implications regarding public policy issues.  While including some discussion of freight transport, this paper mainly focuses on teleworking and commuting.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 12 Aug 2002 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/722742</guid>
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    <item>
      <title>INVESTIGATION OF DENSITY AND FLOW RELATIONSHIPS IN CONGESTED TRAFFIC WITH VIDEOGRAMMETRIC DATA</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/717321</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Traffic congestion is a major problem on U.S. highways.  Studies and modeling of congestion can have important implications for efficiency, safety, and planning of transportation systems.  A variety of theoretical models have been proposed to explain the behavior of congested traffic, including the recent interesting postulation of "synchronized flow" states and the treatment of these as phases (in the statistical mechanics sense).  However, empirical methods for the identification and characterization of such patterns of congestion have been hampered by a lack of objective and quantitative characterizations of these patterns. An empirical study of the patterns of traffic in a data set from a congested, five-lane basic section of freeway is presented. These data were collected by videogrammetry, which provides additional information (on the spatial variation) in comparison with the information provided by other sensor technologies. With these data, a macroanalysis of the relationships among flow, density, and velocity was performed, and a linear (decreasing) relationship between velocity and density was found, with the attendant quadratic dependence of flow on density.  Through a microanalysis, it was observed that depressions in velocity under congested conditions appear to be correlated with "constrictions" (waves of reduced speed between two waves of higher speed) that propagate backward, and a signal detection algorithm, based on convolutions of the density gradient, was designed for recognition of these events in a time series.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 05 Feb 2002 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/717321</guid>
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    <item>
      <title>FRAMEWORK FOR EVALUATING TRANSPORTATION CONTROL MEASURES: MOBILITY, AIR QUALITY, AND ENERGY CONSUMPTION TRADE-OFFS</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/415037</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The successful implementation of a transportation control measure (TCM) and, in particular, appropriate combinations of measures may provide significant benefits to urban areas in the form of congestion reduction, improvements in air quality, and fuel savings.  The effectiveness of TCMs in accomplishing these goals will most often be determined by the specific characteristics of the urban environment in which they are implemented.  A macroanalysis model--a unified framework that links the transportation planning and air quality analysis models--is developed.  The framework can then be used to evaluate the impact of a TCM on mobility, transportation-related emissions, and energy consumption.  The results from two sample networks show that the effectiveness of a TCM depends on the characteristics of the networks.  The evaluated TCMs are limited to those that affect travel time or travel costs.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 31 Jan 1995 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/415037</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>DEVELOPMENT AND FIELD TESTING OF THE CAMP ARROWHEAD MODULAR STRESS-LAMINATED T-SYSTEM TIMBER BRIDGE</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/389684</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The development and field testing of a new modular stress-laminated T-system timber bridge, which is expected to become cost-competitive with precast concrete bridges, is presented.  The new modular design can increase the quality of the product and decrease fabrication and installation efforts. The analysis methods used to predict the bridge response include orthotropic finite element (FE) modeling, a macrosolution for a stiffened plate, and a design method based on the FE modeling and macroanalyses.  Details of the fabrication and installation procedures are presented.  The Camp Arrowhead bridge is tested under a 231-kN (52-kip) loaded truck, and the measured and predicted responses are compared and discussed.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Thu, 21 Apr 1994 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/389684</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>THE CONTROL OF MOTORWAY RELIABILITY</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/364164</link>
      <description><![CDATA[This paper presents an analysis of the instability phenomenon on motorways, with the aim of arriving at the definition of a control strategy suitable for keeping the flow stable. By using some results of the motorway reliability theory, a relationship between reliability and some flow characteristics is obtained, which shows the existence of a reliability threshold critical for flow stability. A method is presented, based on the analysis in real time of these processes, by which it is possible to detect the approach of instability before its effects become manifest, and to single out the proper control strategy in different situations.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Fri, 31 Jan 1992 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/364164</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>COST ESTIMATES OF 1985 MODEL (AND SELECTED OTHER MODEL YEARS) BUMPERS FOR MONITORING COSTS OF THE 1982 PART 581 BUMPER STANDARD. VOLUME I. FINAL REPORT</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/303573</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The consumer cost trends resulting from the implementation of FMVSS 581 were determined by a process of tear down analysis of representative vehicle bumpers for 1985 domestic and imported vehicles, and for selected 1981, 1983 and 1984 domestic and imported vehicles.  Components removed from the selected vehicles or purchased over-the-counter were used to establish the basic cost of the bumper systems produced for the 1985 model year.  Automotive industry type manufacturing cost estimating techniques were utilized to develop the costs attributable to the systems.  Volume I contains summaries of these costs and discussions of the vehicle selection, part acquisition, and methodology used to develop the data.  Detailed cost data, photographs of the systems and graphic illustrations are included in Volumes II through V.  The five volumes are as follows:  Volume I - Text for entire report; Volume II - Selected 1981, 1983 and 1984 vehicles; Volume III - 1985 Domestic vehicles (partial); Volume IV - 1985 Domestic vehicles (balance); and Volume V - 1985 Imported vehicles.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 28 Feb 1990 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/303573</guid>
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    <item>
      <title>COST ESTIMATES OF 1985 MODEL (AND SELECTED OTHER MODEL YEARS) BUMPERS FOR MONITORING COSTS OF THE 1982 PART 581 BUMPER STANDARD. VOLUME II. FINAL REPORT</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/303574</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The consumer cost trends resulting from the implementation of FMVSS 581 were determined by a process of tear down analysis of representative vehicle bumpers for 1985 domestic and imported vehicles, and for selected 1981, 1983 and 1984 domestic and imported vehicles.  Components removed from the selected vehicles or purchased over-the-counter were used to establish the basic cost of the bumper systems produced for the 1985 model year.  Automotive industry type manufacturing cost estimating techniques were utilized to develop the costs attributable to the systems.  Volume I contains summaries of these costs and discussions of the vehicle selection, part acquisition, and methodology used to develop the data.  Detailed cost data, photographs of the systems and graphic illustrations are included in Volumes II through V.  The five volumes are as follows:  Volume I - Text for entire report; Volume II - Selected 1981, 1983 and 1984 vehicles; Volume III - 1985 Domestic vehicles (partial); Volume IV - 1985 Domestic vehicles (balance); and Volume V - 1985 Imported vehicles.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 28 Feb 1990 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/303574</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>COST ESTIMATES OF 1985 MODEL (AND SELECTED OTHER MODEL YEARS) BUMPERS FOR MONITORING COSTS OF THE 1982 PART 581 BUMPER STANDARD. VOLUME III. FINAL REPORT</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/303575</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The consumer cost trends resulting from the implementation of FMVSS 581 were determined by a process of tear down analysis of representative vehicle bumpers for 1985 domestic and imported vehicles, and for selected 1981, 1983 and 1984 domestic and imported vehicles.  Components removed from the selected vehicles or purchased over-the-counter were used to establish the basic cost of the bumper systems produced for the 1985 model year.  Automotive industry type manufacturing cost estimating techniques were utilized to develop the costs attributable to the systems.  Volume I contains summaries of these costs and discussions of the vehicle selection, part acquisition, and methodology used to develop the data.  Detailed cost data, photographs of the systems and graphic illustrations are included in Volumes II through V.  The five volumes are as follows:  Volume I - Text for entire report; Volume II - Selected 1981, 1983 and 1984 vehicles; Volume III - 1985 Domestic vehicles (partial); Volume IV - 1985 Domestic vehicles (balance); and Volume V - 1985 Imported vehicles.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 28 Feb 1990 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/303575</guid>
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    <item>
      <title>COST ESTIMATES OF 1985 MODEL (AND SELECTED OTHER MODEL YEARS) BUMPERS FOR MONITORING COSTS OF THE 1982 PART 581 BUMPER STANDARD. VOLUME IV. FINAL REPORT</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/303576</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The consumer cost trends resulting from the implementation of FMVSS 581 were determined by a process of tear down analysis of representative vehicle bumpers for 1985 domestic and imported vehicles, and for selected 1981, 1983 and 1984 domestic and imported vehicles.  Components removed from the selected vehicles or purchased over-the-counter were used to establish the basic cost of the bumper systems produced for the 1985 model year.  Automotive industry type manufacturing cost estimating techniques were utilized to develop the costs attributable to the systems.  Volume I contains summaries of these costs and discussions of the vehicle selection, part acquisition, and methodology used to develop the data.  Detailed cost data, photographs of the systems and graphic illustrations are included in Volumes II through V.  The five volumes are as follows:  Volume I - Text for entire report; Volume II - Selected 1981, 1983 and 1984 vehicles; Volume III - 1985 Domestic vehicles (partial); Volume IV - 1985 Domestic vehicles (balance); and Volume V - 1985 Imported vehicles.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 28 Feb 1990 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/303576</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>COST ESTIMATES OF 1985 MODEL (AND SELECTED OTHER MODEL YEARS) BUMPERS FOR MONITORING COSTS OF THE 1982 PART 581 BUMPER STANDARD. VOLUME V. FINAL REPORT</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/303577</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The consumer cost trends resulting from the implementation of FMVSS 581 were determined by a process of tear down analysis of representative vehicle bumpers for 1985 domestic and imported vehicles, and for selected 1981, 1983 and 1984 domestic and imported vehicles.  Components removed from the selected vehicles or purchased over-the-counter were used to establish the basic cost of the bumper systems produced for the 1985 model year.  Automotive industry type manufacturing cost estimating techniques were utilized to develop the costs attributable to the systems.  Volume I contains summaries of these costs and discussions of the vehicle selection, part acquisition, and methodology used to develop the data.  Detailed cost data, photographs of the systems and graphic illustrations are included in Volumes II through V.  The five volumes are as follows:  Volume I - Text for entire report; Volume II - Selected 1981, 1983 and 1984 vehicles; Volume III - 1985 Domestic vehicles (partial); Volume IV - 1985 Domestic vehicles (balance); and Volume V - 1985 Imported vehicles.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 28 Feb 1990 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/303577</guid>
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