<rss version="2.0" xmlns:atom="https://www.w3.org/2005/Atom">
  <channel>
    <title>Transport Research International Documentation (TRID)</title>
    <link>https://trid.trb.org/</link>
    <atom:link href="https://trid.trb.org/Record/RSS?s=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" rel="self" type="application/rss+xml" />
    <description></description>
    <language>en-us</language>
    <copyright>Copyright © 2026. National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.</copyright>
    <docs>http://blogs.law.harvard.edu/tech/rss</docs>
    <managingEditor>tris-trb@nas.edu (Bill McLeod)</managingEditor>
    <webMaster>tris-trb@nas.edu (Bill McLeod)</webMaster>
    <image>
      <title>Transport Research International Documentation (TRID)</title>
      <url>https://trid.trb.org/Images/PageHeader-wTitle.jpg</url>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/</link>
    </image>
    <item>
      <title>Quantitative Evaluation of Truck Caravanning</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2420023</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Truck caravanning is closely related to the truck platooning concept but is defined as a convoy of trucks with the first driven by a human driver, while the following trucks operate as SAE Level 5 autonomous vehicles. The primary contribution of this project is to quantify the benefits of caravanning coordination. At this direction, the authors propose two caravan scheduling problems. The initial mathematical model considers a restrictive case of truck caravanning, where all trucks must form caravans to reach the destination. Additionally, a hybrid truck caravan scheduling problem is developed, where a truck is given the option to not participate in a caravan and follow the traditional shortest origin-destination path. The purpose of the hybrid model is to reap the maximum benefit from this scheduling, reducing the inevitable wasting time at caravan coupling points. Both programs are linear mixed integer and are solved exact with GAMS/CPLEX with optimality gap less than 1%. The cost benefit of truck caravanning models derives through the comparison with a traditional shortest path origin-destination model. Multiple network instances are used to evaluate the proposed models and results indicate that cost savings could reach up to 50% when compared to the single truck scheduling, and that the optimal caravan size (if one takes under consideration traffic flow, safety, and the complexity of forming and operating higher capacity caravans) is equal to five. The results indicate also that the caravans that are formed, irrespective of the network, will utilize the full caravan capacity, set by the decision maker. Finally, the sensitivity analysis between important parameters provides a robust insight of concept’s profitability]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 26 Aug 2024 11:21:46 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2420023</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Method of Wheel Out-of-Roundness Detection Based on POVMD and Multinuclear LS-SVM</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1975839</link>
      <description><![CDATA[With the continuous increase of the running mileage and speed of the train, more and more wheels become out-of-roundness due to the collision and friction between the wheels and track. It has great significance to detect wheel polygon in order to ensure the safe operation of trains. The wheel out-of-roundness detection method based on POVMD and multinuclear LS-SVM is investigated by using POVMD algorithm to decompose the vibration signal, and then PSO to get optimal parameters which takes VMD algorithm into consideration. Such a method extracts some features from IMF components. Finally, Gaussian kernel function and directed acyclic graph classification method are chosen to build multinuclear classifier to detect wheel out-of-roundness. The experiment results show that the proposed method is effective to analyze wheel out-of-roundness.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Fri, 23 Aug 2024 16:53:42 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1975839</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Track Access Technology of Traffic Accident Vehicles Based on Video</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2203718</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Traffic accident parameter determination is one of the most important topics in the traffic engineering domain. As a rule, parameter determination methods are all based on the brake marks, thrown objects etc. The results are often inaccurate due to the uncertainties of the road surface friction coefficient, the collision model and the geometric center of vehicles. In 2008, this study team proposed relying on large-scale construction of video surveillance equipment in China. A Gaussian mixture model is adopted to carry on background extraction and parameters such as vehicle movement path, real-time speed etc. were extracted from the video with Kalman Filter and obtained good results. Based on the research in 2008, this paper proposes that the background method of difference be used to replace the Gauss mixed model in the background extraction, and that a Kalman filtering track algorithm based on the fuzzy match be used to replace the traditional Kalman filtering track algorithm in the path track aspect. Through the theory, the example and the analysis, the newly proposed method is more effective.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Thu, 25 Jul 2024 17:12:26 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2203718</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Performance Improvement Algorithm for Mode-Based Frequency Response Analysis</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1818408</link>
      <description><![CDATA[A new algorithm that reduces the cost of mode-based frequency response analysis is presented. The algorithm takes advantage of the algebraic structure of the linear systems of equations for the frequency response analysis in a modal subspace and transforms the system to reduce the cost of factorizing the left-hand side operator. The transformed system is equivalent to the original one; thus, the proposed algorithm does not affect the accuracy of the solution. It can be derived that this algorithm reduces the cost of the analysis by a factor of about 2, regardless of the size of the problem. This algorithm can be generalized for the case of the coupled structural-acoustic frequency response analysis.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 23 Feb 2022 16:16:12 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1818408</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>LMI-Based Synthesis of String-Stable Controller for Cooperative Adaptive Cruise Control</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1749924</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Controller synthesis is a challenging problem in cooperative adaptive cruise control (CACC). Especially the requirement of string stability makes it even harder to choose appropriate control parameters. This paper applies a time-domain definition to string stability and converts the problem to the H∞ control of a time-delay system. Based on the proposed control structure, the H∞ norm and stability criteria of CACC are satisfied by a set of constraints in terms of a Lyapunov-Krasovskii functional candidate. These constraints are further reduced to linear matrix inequalities so that feasible solutions can be easily and efficiently computed. Simulations on an identified model validate the performance of the authors' method in both frequency and time domains.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 23 Dec 2020 12:17:54 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1749924</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Impacts of Nonlinear vs. Linear Finite Element Analysis on Ice-Strengthened Primary Structures</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1718081</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The IACS Polar Class (PC) rules divide the analysis of hull structures into two parts: shell plate and frames (secondary structure) are designed with rule equations which are based on plastic capacity of the structure. The primary structures (stringers and web frames) that support the shell and framing are designed using direct analysis which in practice means in most cases finite element analysis. For the finite element analysis of primaries there are two options given in the PC rules. The typical and widely used option is linear analysis, where the primary structure is designed essentially to an elastic limit. Linear analysis is relatively straightforward and well-established practice and clear acceptance criteria exist. However, as different acceptance criteria than for shell plate and framing is used, it results in an imbalance between primary and secondary structure. Experience has shown that this imbalance usually results in excessively heavy primaries for high ice class vessels. The second option, nonlinear analysis, is a more involved procedure and guidelines and acceptance criteria for the analysis are still under development. When all structures are designed with the same type of acceptance criteria the result is a more balanced and typically more lightweight structure. Moreover, plastic analysis gives significantly more insight into the capacity and behavior of the structure at overload, enhancing safety. Despite these advantages nonlinear analysis has not been used in the design of built vessels thus far. In this paper, an example vessel is analyzed with both methods and for both low and high ice classes to demonstrate the impact of nonlinear analysis on the design of the primary structure. The results demonstrate the potential for weight saving on high ice classes, provide insight into when nonlinear analysis is beneficial, and ultimately, provide motivation and basis for the development of guidelines for nonlinear analysis as well as adoption of it as a tool for practical ship design.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 15 Jul 2020 09:12:12 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1718081</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Observability quantification of public transportation systems with heterogeneous data sources: An information-space projection approach based on discretized space-time network flow models</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1652786</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Focusing on how to quantify system observability in terms of different interested states, this paper proposes a modeling framework to systemically account for the multi-source sensor information in public transportation systems. By developing a system of linear equations and inequalities, an information space is generated based on the available data from heterogeneous sensor sources. Then, a number of projection functions are introduced to match the relation between the unique information space and different system states of interest, such as, the passenger flow/density on the platform or in the vehicle at specific time intervals, the path flow of each origin-destination pair, the earning collected from the tickets to different operation companies etc., in urban rail transit systems as the authors' study object. Their corresponding observability represented by state estimate uncertainties is further quantified by calculating its maximum feasible state range in proposed space-time network flow models. All of proposed models are solved as linear programming models by Dantzig–Wolfe decomposition, and a k-shortest-path-based approximation approach is also proposed to solve the authors' models in large-scale networks. Finally, numerical experiments are conducted to demonstrate the authors' proposed methodology and algorithms.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 02 Oct 2019 17:23:42 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1652786</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Characterization of resilient mounts for marine diesel engines: Prediction of static response via nonlinear analysis and response surface methodology</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1579788</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The paper describes an experimental procedure to find the optimal values of the coefficients of the Yeoh hyperelastic material model for a resilient mounting element for marine diesel engines. The quasi-static implicit finite element simulation of the resilient mount deformation under an increasing load is matched with the force-displacement curve of the element acquired via laboratory tests. A response surface analysis is then performed to create a predictive model. This allows to find the best values of the Yeoh coefficients and assess their importance in the predictive equation. With a limited number of runs it is possible to obtain a finite element model that simulates accurately the static deformation of the resilient mounting element over the entire loading range.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Thu, 31 Jan 2019 17:18:32 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1579788</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Linear Viscous Approach to Predict Rut Depth in Asphalt Mixtures</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1508876</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Rutting in asphalt mixtures is a very common type of distress. It occurs due to the heavy load applied and slow movement of traffic. Rutting needs to be predicted to avoid major deformation to the pavement. A simple linear viscous method is used in this paper to predict the rutting in asphalt mixtures by using a multi-layer linear computer programme (BISAR). The material properties were derived from the Repeated Load Axial Test (RLAT) and represented by a strain-dependent axial viscosity. The axial viscosity was used in an incremental multi-layer linear viscous analysis to calculate the deformation rate during each increment, and therefore the overall development of rutting. The method has been applied for six mixtures and at different temperatures. Finally, field data has also been used to check the applicability of the approach in real pavement design.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 29 May 2018 16:04:58 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1508876</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Solving a Mixture of Many Random Linear Equations by Tensor Decomposition and Alternating Minimization</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1480011</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The authors consider the problem of solving mixed random linear equations with k components. This is the noiseless setting of mixed linear regression. The goal is to estimate multiple linear models from mixed samples in the case where the labels (which sample corresponds to which model) are not observed. The authors give a tractable algorithm for the mixed linear equation problem, and show that under some technical conditions, their algorithm is guaranteed to solve the problem exactly with sample complexity linear in the dimension, and polynomial in k, the number of components. Previous approaches have required either exponential dependence on k, or super-linear dependence on the dimension. The proposed algorithm is a combination of tensor decomposition and alternating minimization. The authors' analysis involves proving that the initialization provided by the tensor method allows alternating minimization, which is equivalent to expectation-maximization (EM) in their setting, to converge to the global optimum at a linear rate.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 16 Aug 2017 10:30:58 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1480011</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>An Algebraic Equation Solution Process Formulated in Anticipation of Banded Linear Equations</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1461127</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Computer storage and time requirements for structural problems will often determine whether or not a particular program is feasible to use on an extensive basis. For multi-dimensioned problems requiring fine mesh spacing and involving nonlinear or time-dependent behavior, careful attention must be given to the efficiency of the solution process, even with the largest and fastest computers in use today. This report describes a system of equation solving routines that may be applied to a wide variety of problems by utilizing them within appropriate programs. A general method for the solution of large, sparsely banded, positive-definite, coefficient matrices is presented. The goal in developing the method was to produce an efficient and reliable solution process and to provide the user-programmer with a package which is problem-independent, efficient, and easy to use, so that program development time can be spent in problem analysis rather than on solution technique. The procedures have been developed specifically to deal with matrices generated by three and five-wide difference operators, whether symmetrical or unsymmetrical.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Fri, 28 Apr 2017 10:42:14 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1461127</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Cooperative Vehicle Merging on Highways - Model Predictive Control</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1437404</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The problem of trajectory planning for the cooperative merging of vehicles in highways was previously formulated by the authors as a finite-horizon optimal control problem and was solved analytically. In this work, the trajectory planning approach is further extended in various respects, and an alternative solution procedure via a time-variant Linear-Quadratic Regulator approach is also presented. Most importantly, a Model Predictive Control (MPC) scheme is utilized to compensate possible disturbances in the trajectories of the cooperating vehicles, whereby the analytical optimal solution is applied repeatedly in real time, using updated measurements, until the merging procedure is actually finalized. The methodology is demonstrated for a set of vehicles inside the merging area. Various numerical simulations illustrate the validity and applicability of the method.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 24 Jan 2017 12:03:13 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1437404</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Dipole Approximation in the Calculation of the Perturbed Velocities</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1422276</link>
      <description><![CDATA[In this article the authors consider one of the approaches aimed at reducing time of calculation of aerodynamic characteristics of the studied objects using discrete vortex method. Also, accuracy assessment of calculation of aerodynamic characteristics was performed. Analysis of the obtained dependences allows the authors to make a conclusion that the considered approach to the calculation of the functions of the mutual influence on the stages of formation of the system of linear algebraic equations, position of vortex sheet nodes as well as aerodynamic loads reduces hardware costs about three times, with a relative error of less than 4%.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Fri, 23 Sep 2016 11:18:54 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1422276</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Run-Off-Road and Recovery – State Estimation and Vehicle Control Strategies</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1416593</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Despite many advances in vehicle safety technology, traffic fatalities remain a devastating burden on society. With over two-thirds of all fatal single-vehicle crashes occurring off the roadway, run-off-road (ROR) crashes have become the focus of much roadway safety research. Current countermeasures, including roadway infrastructure modifications and some on-board vehicle safety systems, remain limited in their approach as they do not directly address the critical factor of driver behavior. It has been shown that ROR crashes are often the result of poor driver performance leading up to the crash. In this study, the performance of two control algorithms, sliding control and linear quadratic control, was investigated for use in an autonomous ROR vehicle recovery system. The two controllers were simulated amongst a variety of ROR conditions where typical driver performance was inadequate to safely operate the vehicle. The sliding controller recovered the fastest within the nominal conditions but exhibited large variability in performance amongst the more extreme ROR scenarios. Despite some small sacrifices in lateral error and yaw rate, the linear quadratic controller demonstrated a higher level of consistency and stability amongst the various conditions examined. Overall, the linear quadratic controller recovered the vehicle 25% faster than the sliding controller while using 70% less steering, which combined with its robust performance, indicates its high potential as an autonomous ROR countermeasure.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 27 Jul 2016 09:48:52 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1416593</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Trapped and Free-Wave Propagation in Channels and Harbours</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1388650</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Most of the literature on edge waves is only concerned with edge-wave propagation over a bottom that is uniform in the propagation direction. There is still little knowledge of what happens when the bottom topography changes suddenly, as in the presence of a cape, submarine valley or harbour. This paper presents some results of the authors' study on the wave motion in such places, where edge waves may be transmitted, reflected or radiated as free waves and thus may have an important role in determining the wave conditions in otherwise sheltered regions. The authors send an edge wave along a coast with an alongshore uniform bottom profile and, at a given section change suddenly for another bottom profile. This study is carried out with a very simple model. The linearised shallow water equations are used in a wide channel with the simplest bottom profile that enables the existence of edge waves: a ledge close to the coast and a uniform depth offshore.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 27 Jan 2016 17:12:38 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1388650</guid>
    </item>
  </channel>
</rss>