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    <copyright>Copyright © 2026. National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.</copyright>
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    <managingEditor>tris-trb@nas.edu (Bill McLeod)</managingEditor>
    <webMaster>tris-trb@nas.edu (Bill McLeod)</webMaster>
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      <title>Transport Research International Documentation (TRID)</title>
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    <item>
      <title>3D Laser Imaging for ODOT Interstate Network at True 1-MM Resolution</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1363435</link>
      <description><![CDATA[With the development of 3D laser imaging technology, the latest iteration of PaveVision3D Ultra can obtain true 1mm resolution 3D data at full-lane coverage in all three directions at highway speed up to 60MPH. This project provides rapid survey using PaveVision3D Ultra for the Oklahoma Department of Transportation (ODOT) interstate highways and SH-51 from I-35 to Sand Springs with approximately 1,280 center miles of pavement. With sophisticated Automated Distress Analyzer 3D (ADA-3D) software interface, the collected 1mm 3D data provide ODOT solutions for automated evaluation of pavement surface including longitudinal profile for roughness, transverse profile for rutting, predicted hydroplaning speed for safety analysis, and cracking and various surface defects for distresses. The Pruned Exact Linear Time (PELT) method, an optimal partitioning algorithm, is implemented to identify change points and dynamically determine homogeneous segments so as to assist DOT effectively using the available 1mm 3D pavement surface condition data for decision-making. The application of 3D 1mm laser imaging technology for network survey is unprecedented. This innovative technology allows highway agencies to use the 1mm 3D system for design and management purposes, particularly to meet the data needs for pavement management system (PMS), bridge deck evaluation without requiring field visits to individual bridges, Pavement ME Design and Highway Performance Monitoring System (HPMS).]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 25 Aug 2015 11:33:19 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1363435</guid>
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    <item>
      <title>Innovative Crack Sealing Analysis and Cost Estimation for Airport Runway Shoulders Using 3D Laser Technology and Automatic Crack Detection Algorithms</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1356776</link>
      <description><![CDATA[To accurately estimate the cost for crack sealing on airport runway shoulders, an automatic approach using 3D line laser imaging technology, automatic crack detection, and width measurement algorithms is proposed. Based on their widths, cracks can be categorized in terms of the routing depths. Then, accurate cost estimation can be made according to the total length in each crack category using different routing depths. Other than the cost estimation, the detected crack maps and the crack classification information can also be used to guide construction operations and provide a means for agencies’ quality checking. Using the proposed method, a case study has been performed on a 30.5-m (100-ft) runway shoulder at Hartsfield-Jackson Atlanta International Airport. The results show that the proposed method is very promising for providing an automatic approach that cost-effectively and reliably generates categorized crack maps with different crack sealing methods and accurately estimates crack sealing cost.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 29 Jun 2015 15:52:09 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1356776</guid>
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    <item>
      <title>Automated Detection of Isolated Ruts on I-95 Using 3D Continuous Transverse Profiles</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1130785</link>
      <description><![CDATA[To detect isolated rutting is important for improving roadway safety and for determining low-cost, localized treatment. However, it is a challenge to detect isolated rutting due to the lack of data acquisition technology and automatic detection method in the past. For the first time, this paper proposes a method to automatically identify the isolated rutting using the 3D continuous transverse profile data collected by a 3D line laser imaging system. Pavement engineering knowledge has been extensively incorporated to establish the criteria for identifying isolated ruts and their termini.  A case study is performed using the actual data collected on the southbound lanes of Interstate 95 (I-95) near Savannah, Georgia. The results show that two isolated ruts (300ft and 481ft) can be successfully identified.  The proposed method along with the 3D line laser imaging technology is promising for highway agencies to address the isolated-rutting-related highway safety and maintenance issues.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Fri, 15 Jun 2012 16:04:35 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1130785</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Automated Imaging Technologies for Pavement Distress Surveys</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1112953</link>
      <description><![CDATA[This circular documents state-of-the-art techniques and technologies in the acquisition of pavement surface images, and basic requirements needed to automatically identify and classify pavement surface distresses. The basics of film or magnetic tape–based image acquisition are presented. The circular also discusses digital acquisition and reports on the new laser-based imaging system with its high-quality image and low-power usage, as well as the potential for using 3-D laser imaging technology for pavement surveys.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 17 Aug 2011 09:01:58 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1112953</guid>
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    <item>
      <title>Rapid 1-mm Mapping of Runways in an Integrated Environment</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1109492</link>
      <description><![CDATA[A critical component of runway pavement survey is visual inspection of surface conditions. The dominant practice today is still based on manual survey, which causes delays, poses safety hazard, labor intensive and error-prone. In recent years, Hartsfield-Jackson Atlanta International Airport (HJAIA) has been using digital imaging technology to acquire pavement images for condition survey purposes. Initially, 3-mm resolution digital technology was used. In the most recent iteration, the developer used 1-mm technology and laser imaging to cover entire runway pavements. In this paper, the authors introduce data collection techniques on lasers and imaging. The laser based imaging system works day or night without shadowing problem or the impact of sun light. A vehicle is used to collect 14-ft wide continuous images of a runway at highway speed. A methodology is used to stitch images of multiple data collection runs for the same runway, so that a single uniform virtual imagery is formed for one entire runway. GPS coordinates are also established for multiple points on the images. A procedure to conduct Pavement Condition Index (PCI) evaluation on runway pavement is presented. Tests are conducted to demonstrate that this methodology is superior to manual approach. Condition survey of runways based on the 1-mm images can be substantially more accurate and effective than any manual approach.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 08 Aug 2011 14:09:35 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1109492</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Development of a Laser-Speckle Imaging Device to Determine the Transfer Length in Pre-Tensioned Concrete Members with SCC and Conventional Concrete</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/927291</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The current experimental method to determine the transfer length in prestressed concrete members consists of measuring concrete surface strains before and after de-tensioning with a mechanical strain gage. Since this is a time-consuming and tedious process, transfer lengths are seldom measured on a production basis. Furthermore, when transfer-lengths are determined using the current method, the detensioning times of the members being measured are often delayed, thereby resulting in artificially higher release strengths for the members evaluated. A rapid, non-contact method for determining transfer lengths in pre-tensioned concrete members has been developed at Kansas State University. The new method utilizes laser-speckle patterns that are generated and digitally recorded at various points along the prestressed concrete member. The technique was verified against results obtained using the traditional method of adhering stainless-steel discs and measuring surface strains with a mechanical strain gage (Demec or Whittemore type). The new method has a higher accuracy, requires minimal setup, and can be implemented on a production-based time frame.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Fri, 27 Aug 2010 16:25:07 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/927291</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Laser scanning yields cost, time savings</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/905686</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Subtitle: Westlake Consultants' Elaine McDonald writes about how laser scanning was used to overcome key challenges in the refit of the Island Spirit.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 02 Dec 2009 08:04:15 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/905686</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Automated Real-Time Pavement Crack Detection and Classification</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/813526</link>
      <description><![CDATA[This Innovations Deserving Exploratory Analysis (IDEA) project was aimed at refining and field testing a computer vision technique using multiple cameras for automated condition survey of highway pavements.  Work in the initial stage involved components acquisition, evaluation and integration into the automated pavement survey system.  A new vehicle for collecting digital highway data was procured and four cameras were mounted in the rear of the vehicle to collect pavement surface images across a 4-m wide pavement.  However, calibration work to correct camera distortion for 3-D surface reconstruction showed the inadequacy of the Direct Linear Transformation (DLT) method for the purpose and further work indicated that the Tsai method provided better accuracy than the DLT method.  The space relationship between the two cameras also affected the calibration accuracy.  While efforts were directed at improving the accuracy by adjusting each camera's angle and the space between the cameras, the research team also experimented with a new laser-based illumination imaging system for image capture and developed an automated algorithm for surveying pavement cracking with promising results.  The system allows image acquisition without the influence of sunlight or shadows providing a 1-mm resolution of both longitudinal and transverse cracks at speeds up to 60 mph.  However, with the line-scan camera, the stereovision technology is not directly applicable and additional work is needed to establish the 1-mm level resolution of 3-D pavement surface models with multiple laser imaging devices.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 24 Jul 2007 15:24:55 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/813526</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>AUTOMATED QUALITY ASSESSMENT OF STONE AGGREGATES BASED ON LASER IMAGING AND A NEURAL NETWORK</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/686536</link>
      <description><![CDATA[An automated quality assessment technique is proposed for rapidly detecting excessive size variations during the production of stone aggregates. The system uses a laser profiler to scan collections of aggregate particles and obtain 3-D data points on the particle surfaces. For computational efficiency the resulting data is converted into digital images. Wavelet transforms are then applied to the images to extract features indicative of the material gradation. These wavelet-based features are used as inputs to an artificial neural network, which is trained to classify the aggregate sample. Taken together, these components form a neural network-based classification system that can determine whether or not an aggregate product is in compliance with a given specification. Verification tests show that this approach could potentially help to determine, in an accurate and fast (real-time) manner, when adjustments or repairs to the production equipment are needed.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Thu, 08 Jan 2004 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/686536</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>USING LASERS FOR UNDERWATER DETECTION - IMAGER TEST RESULTS</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/436705</link>
      <description><![CDATA[No abstract provided.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 14 Aug 1995 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/436705</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>QUANTITATIVE THREE-DIMENSIONAL IMAGING AND THE STRUCTURE OF PASSIVE SCALAR FIELDS IN FULLY TURBULENT FLOWS</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/437644</link>
      <description><![CDATA[No abstract provided.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 14 Aug 1995 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/437644</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>MODEL PROPELLER MEASUREMENT USING A 3D LASER SCANNER</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/438489</link>
      <description><![CDATA[In this paper a method for measuring the accuracy of small model propellers using a 3D laser scanner is described. The system uses computer processing to extract propeller section shape from the laser scan images. From these sections detailed measures of a number of design components can be obtained. An example is presented and some results obtained for the propeller are given.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 14 Aug 1995 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/438489</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>CLEAR IMAGING IN MUDDY WATERS</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/444049</link>
      <description><![CDATA[This article describes the SM2000 Laser Line Scan System, a high-tech laser imaging system which gives remarkable clear subsea vision even in the most turbid water, and is being called 'the underwater survey tool of the future'.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 14 Aug 1995 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/444049</guid>
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