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    <title>Transport Research International Documentation (TRID)</title>
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    <atom:link href="https://trid.trb.org/Record/RSS?s=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" rel="self" type="application/rss+xml" />
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    <copyright>Copyright © 2026. National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.</copyright>
    <docs>http://blogs.law.harvard.edu/tech/rss</docs>
    <managingEditor>tris-trb@nas.edu (Bill McLeod)</managingEditor>
    <webMaster>tris-trb@nas.edu (Bill McLeod)</webMaster>
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      <title>Transport Research International Documentation (TRID)</title>
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      <link>https://trid.trb.org/</link>
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    <item>
      <title>Finding Least Cost Hyperpaths in Multimodal Transit Networks: Methodology, Algorithm, and Large-Scale Application</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1338084</link>
      <description><![CDATA[This paper presents a least cost hyperpath algorithm that captures the complexities that arise in a transit network because of the number of transfers, the standing and overcrowding penalties, the availability of walking and biking in addition to the transit modes, and the mode-specific limitations such as availability of bike parking. The problem was formulated as a mathematical program, and then a hybrid label setting–correcting algorithm was proposed as a solution. The multimodal time- and approach-dependent algorithm does not require spatial or temporal expansion of the network; this feature results in good computational performance for large-scale applications. Scenario runs performed on the large-scale Chicago Transit Authority network, in Illinois, validate the accuracy and performance of the algorithm.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 18 Mar 2015 17:09:28 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1338084</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Optimal Programming of Pavement Maintenance and Rehabilitation Activities for Large-Scale Networks</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1336636</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Under ever-increasing budget restrictions, the optimal programming of maintenance, rehabilitation, and reconstruction of pavement networks becomes crucial. This paper provides and tests two computationally effective approaches that, in accordance with proposed problem-reduction techniques, may be used for multi-year programming of large-scale pavement networks. The two approaches are the Holistic approach, which tackles the entire planning period at once, and the Sequential approach, which breaks down the planning period and optimizes the work plan for each year separately. The developed approaches were applied to the 2013 dataset of the Quebec highway network, which consists of approximately 16,000 roadbed centerline miles. The application of the methods to the case study shows that both Sequential and Holistic approaches can be used effectively for planning large-scale networks with a reasonable analysis run time. This study provides insights into the behavior of large-scale networks and helps transportation agencies make more consistent and effective decisions regarding the allocation of limited funds by using the proposed methodology.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Thu, 05 Feb 2015 11:10:58 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1336636</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Adaptive Drivers and Time-Dependent Origin-Destination Demand Estimation: Methodology and Application to Large-Scale Network</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1288332</link>
      <description><![CDATA[This paper integrates real-time traveler information on prevailing traffic conditions (adaptive driving) into time-dependent origin-destination demand estimation in a simulation-based dynamic traffic assignment model. The objective is to explore the impact of adaptive driving on demand estimation, and to recognize a growing component of the traveling public in the methods used to infer network flow patterns given partial observations. Time-dependent origin-destination demand estimation can be formulated as a bi-level optimization problem in which the deviation from observations and historical demand are subject to a minimization. In the classical problem, it is assumed that users will follow paths that they have been assigned based on the user equilibrium model. Growing penetration of a wide array of devices enable users to receive real-time information on prevailing (and possibly predicted) traffic conditions, which enables them to update their path choice en-route. However, not all travelers receive or follow such information. This paper proposes a modified optimization algorithm to estimate the time-dependent origin-destination trip tables for large-scale networks considering varying population of adaptive drivers. The modified algorithm is solved with a tri-level algorithm. This algorithm is applied to a highly congested urban network of Chicago.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Sat, 01 Mar 2014 18:12:46 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1288332</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Total unimodularity and decomposition method for large-scale air traffic cell transmission model</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1252774</link>
      <description><![CDATA[In an earlier work, Sun and Bayen built a Large-Capacity Cell Transmission Model for air traffic flow management. They formulated an integer programming problem of minimizing the total travel time of flights in the National Airspace System of the United States subject to sector capacity constraints. The integer program was relaxed to a linear program for computational efficiency. In this paper the authors formulate the optimization problem in a standard linear programming form. They analyze the total unimodular property of the constraint matrix, and prove that the linear programming relaxation generates an optimal integral solution for the original integer program. It is guaranteed to be optimal and integral if solved by a simplex related method. In order to speed up the computation, the authors apply the Dantzig–Wolfe Decomposition algorithm, which is shown to preserve the total unimodularity of the constraint matrix. Finally, they evaluate the performances of Sun and Bayen’s relaxation solved by the interior point method and our decomposition algorithm with large-scale air traffic data.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 19 Jun 2013 15:14:35 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1252774</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Approximation Approach to Problem of Large-Scale Pavement Maintenance and Rehabilitation</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1130751</link>
      <description><![CDATA[This study focuses on large-scale pavement maintenance and rehabilitation planning. Pavement agencies usually deal with large and diverse networks of thousands of pavement sections. The complexity of pavement maintenance and rehabilitation planning increases exponentially with the size of the network. Exact optimization methods designed for small-scale problems thus suffer from dimensionality, which significantly compromises the ability to solve such problems in a reasonable time period. Consequently, such problems should be approached from the technique of approximation. A method with the Lagrangian relaxation technique and a branch-and-cut algorithm is proposed for use as a decomposition scheme for pavement maintenance and rehabilitation planning problems when the size of the problem poses a major hurdle for its solution. The proposed approach first decomposes the network (original problem) into individual sections (subproblems) and then solves the subproblems separately. As shown in the case study, the proposed approach is able to solve problems with a practical size efficiently. More specifically, the results show that the proposed method can solve problems with a network of 1,000 sections within a reasonable time period and can yield a solution close to the optimal one.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 25 Jun 2012 16:18:49 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1130751</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Toward Sustainable Transport: Conventional and Disruptive Approaches in the U.S. Context</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/908600</link>
      <description><![CDATA[As a crosscutting element of human activity, transportation is an appropriate arena for pursuing sustainability. Conventional transportation in the U.S., based largely on private autos, is untenable in the long run for reasons of congestion, energy consumption, safety, and environmental and human health. To date, response to a growing sustainability movement has been largely incremental. Proactive tools focusing on environmental, economic and social impacts of transportation have the potential to disrupt the status quo, and provide an opening for sustainable practices. Focusing on surface passenger travel, this discussion paper considers four sectors in which transportation-relevant policies or programs are conceived and delivered, orders them roughly along a continuum from conventional to disruptive, and assesses their potential for moving the U.S. toward a more sustainable future. Questions are posed about conventional vs. disruptive, and incremental vs. large-scale, changes.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 25 Jan 2010 08:08:52 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/908600</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Design of Vehicle Routing Zones for Large-Scale Distribution Systems</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/840010</link>
      <description><![CDATA[This paper proposes algorithms to automatically discretize vehicle routing zones (VRZs) from continuum approximation guidelines. VRZs that satisfy these guidelines (i.e., shape and size requirements) are useful to the planning and operation of distribution systems in several practical contexts. In the literature, however, VRZ design normally requires human intervention, and this is inconvenient and time-consuming especially for large-scale and complex systems. This study fills this gap by utilizing a combination of spatial partitioning techniques to systematically obtain optimum zone designs. Numerical examples show that the proposed algorithm yields satisfying outcomes.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Thu, 15 Nov 2007 10:33:05 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/840010</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Large-Scale Experimental Facilities in the George E. Brown Jr. Network for Earthquake Engineering Simulation for Advancing Seismic Design of Bridges</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/820150</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Significant research has been devoted to new and existing bridge seismic performance improvement over the past three decades. A performance-based design methodology has been developed as a result, but, for all but the simplest of bridge types, there is insufficient current state of the art for methodology implementation. The research agenda is being set due to consequent demand for advanced bridge performance knowledge. For three-dimensional dynamic nonlinear structural system analysis, there is widely available sophisticated computational tools, although existing knowledge and past experience limits these tools, which are based on existing structural performance notions. Bridge response understanding outside current knowledge bounds requires rigorous performance-based design (PBD). A powerful but limited tool is numerical modeling and fundamental models sophisticated enough to satisfy PBD requirements are lacking. It is believed that an experimental effort at a scale that can only now be considered is required for model development and calibration, now that the United States, Japan, and Taiwan have completed large-scale experimental facilities, and China and Korea are constructing similar facilities. The author describes United States facilities, distributed nationwide and interconnected by the George E. Brown Jr. Network for Earthquake Engineering Simulation (NEES), a high speed broadband internet-based network. Fifteen university-based equipment sites offering state-of-the-art experimental facilities and a grid-based cyberinfrastructure that both enables remote access to these facilities and fosters collaboration, data sharing, and research dissemination are included in NEES. Collaborative research is seen as key to progress acceleration, experiment sophistication elevation, and improved performance-based design implementation confidence.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Fri, 21 Sep 2007 13:54:16 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/820150</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Efficient Implementation of Method of Successive Averages in Simulation-Based Dynamic Traffic Assignment Models for Large-Scale Network Applications</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/802034</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The method of successive averages remains by far the most widely used solution heuristic in simulation-based dynamic traffic assignment. Its simplicity and the nonrequirement of derivative information for the flow-cost mapping function are the main reasons for its widespread use, especially in the realm of dynamic traffic assignment (DTA). However, its convergence properties in real-life networks have been inconclusive, especially because (a) simulation-based models typically are not well behaved mathematically, and therefore their solution properties are not guaranteed, and (b) predetermined step sizes do not exploit local information in searching for a solution and therefore tend to have sluggish performance properties. An effort was made to improve on the performance of the method of successive averages heuristic for user-equilibrium and system-optimal DTA problems on large congested networks through novel implementations that derive their efficiency from exploiting local information made available in the results of vehicle-based simulation models used to provide the mapping between a feasible path flow assignment and the experienced travel cost in a DTA solution framework. The results of extensive numerical tests on actual networks are reported, confirming the performance improvements attainable with the new approach.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 02 May 2007 13:01:50 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/802034</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Finance, Economics, and Economic Development 2006</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/790521</link>
      <description><![CDATA[This Transportation Research Record contains 20 papers on the subject of finance, economics, and economic development.  Specific topics discussed include California's transportation finance reform proposal; financing local roads; transportation infrastructure concessions in Chile; targeting transportation funding to economic development in low-income communities; highway-induced development; the combined traffic impacts of the time-of-day pricing program and E-ZPass usage on the New Jersey turnpike; the impacts of the Port Authority of New York and New Jersey time-of-day pricing initiative on car and truck traffic;  the feasibility of a truck-only toll lane network in Atlanta, Georgia; an analytical tool for evaluating the adaptation of a high-occupancy vehicle lane to a high-occupancy toll lane; a value pricing education and outreach model in Minnesota; lessons in public support for congestion pricing from Edinburgh, Scotland; guidelines for the conversion of a high-occupancy vehicle lane to a high-occupancy toll lane; value pricing in the Dallas-Fort Worth region; a stated-preference survey of single-occupancy vehicle demand for high-occupancy vehicle lanes; the Malaysian toll road public-private partnership program; the econometric estimation of motor fuel sales with incomplete data; the cost-benefit analysis of a high-speed train system in Spain; an economic impact assessment of the large-scale infrastructure project in the Lyon-Turin corridor; the benefits and financial feasibility of a multimodal investment and pricing strategy; and the behavioral responses to road pricing in the Netherlands.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 04 Oct 2006 15:19:16 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/790521</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Assessing Economic Impacts of Large-Scale Transport Infrastructure Projects: Case of Lyon-Turin Corridor</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/776791</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Assessment of large-scale transport infrastructure projects by a classical four-stage transport network model is meant to capture only the direct benefits of transport policies, while the additional indirect economic effects in nontransport markets would be partially neglected. The intent of this paper is to apply an integrated economy–transport–environment assessment model focusing on the assessment of economic impacts of national or supranational transport policies to the question of the size of indirect economic impacts of a single large-scale project. Such a model makes it possible to consider the interaction between transport and the economy as well as between the economy and transport, closing the transport–economy feedback loop. For this purpose, the European assessment of transport strategies (ASTRA) model is refined to model the implementation of the planned high-speed railway link on the Lyon–Turin corridor. This line forms part of the Trans-European Transport Networks. The estimated cost of the 257 km of new tracks is €13 billion over 10 years, which would be a sufficient size to make it a large-scale project. The results of the analysis indicate the feasibility of applying the ASTRA model for such a project assessment. Economic impacts on the country level can be detected as well as impacts for the 15 Western European Union countries, although the latter are rather small if they are measured as percentage changes to a reference scenario. A crucial task remains the analysis of impact chains that have caused and explain the model results.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Fri, 03 Mar 2006 10:37:56 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/776791</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>DEVELOPMENT AND CALIBRATION OF A LARGE-SCALE MICROSCOPIC TRAFFIC SIMULATION MODEL</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/746465</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The development and the calibration of a microscopic traffic simulation model, using MITSIMLab, for the entire metropolitan area of Des Moines, Iowa, are presented.  The primary contributions include the application of a microscopic model on such a large-scale network and an effort for joint calibration of the model parameters and estimation of origin-destination flows.  The application of microscopic traffic simulation models to very large networks such as this poses a number of methodological and practical challenges that are not faced with smaller applications.  Solutions to these problems are both heuristic and analytical.  The solutions presented are generic and hence applicable to any large-scale microscopic traffic modeling.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Thu, 09 Dec 2004 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/746465</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>TOWARDS AN INFORMATION SYSTEM FOR INTERREGIONAL RELATIONS BETWEEN LIVING AND WORKING</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/276787</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Medium-term changes in the pattern of commuter flows are caused on the one side by spatial changes in housing and job supply, and on the other by the behaviour of workers, especially their starting or leaving jobs, or changing residential and/or job addresses.  The dynamic spatial interrelations between residential and work activities are systematically described for regions in a large urban area-- Ranstad Holland and its surroundings.  The possible uses of this type of information for analysis and planning are indicated.  (Author/TRRL)]]></description>
      <pubDate>Sat, 28 Aug 2004 04:46:10 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/276787</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>AN OPTIMIZING MODEL FOR TRANSIT FARE POLICY DESIGN AND EVALUATION</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/276732</link>
      <description><![CDATA[To support transit agencies in the design and evaluation of more equitable and efficient fare structures, an optimization-based model system has been developed and implemented on a microcomputer. This system seeks distance-based fares of the form: FIXED CHARGE + (MILEAGE CHARGE) (trip distance) + (TRANSFER CHARGE) (number of transfers). It maximizes estimated revenues subject to a minimum ridership constraint and constraints on the attributes of the fare structure, which provide the user with considerable control over the structure of the optimal fare, such that distance-based, zone, and flat fare schemes can be designed and tested. This model can be used to search for fare schemes meeting user-specified requirements, to perform sensitivity studies of fare characteristics, and to test user-supplied price structures. These applications are demonstrated through the use of a data set from part of a large urban transit system.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Sat, 28 Aug 2004 04:46:02 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/276732</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>RHODES-ITMS-MILOS: RAMP METERING SYSTEM TEST</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/717975</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The RHODES-Integrated Traffic Management System Program addresses the design and development of a real-time traffic adaptive control system for an integrated system of freeways and arterial roads.  The goals of this project were to test coordinated, adaptive ramp metering using the Multi-Objective, Integrated, Large-Scale, and Optimized System (MILOS) software on a major urban freeway.  A 7-mile eastbound segment of I-10 in Phoenix, just west of the I-10/I-17 Interchange, was chosen as the study area because of the availability of data, and because of recurring congestion.  The field test was to be accomplished in three phases: (i) testing the hierarchical MILOS control software via simulation, (ii) development of interfaces necessary to use MILOS in the field, and (iii) testing the effectiveness of MILOS in real time.  The project accomplished the first of these objectives, developing a simulation model of the I-10 freeway and showing through experiments that coordinated adaptive ramp metering is more effective than no-control or traffic responsive metering.  In developing the freeway model, the project further refined the processes needed to calibrate and test MILOS for a specific freeway.  The second objective was only partially met. The interfaces within MILOS have been refined, but only some of the interfaces with the real-time data have been established. The interface for data flowing from the freeway management system into MILOS has been established.  An interface for delivering ramp-metering rates from MILOS to the field via the freeway management system has not been established.  The development of this second interface via a subcontract was determined to be infeasible within the project budget.  Because of this, the third objective has not yet been achieved. The effectiveness of MILOS and coordinated ramp metering in the field will not be proven until this third objective can be achieved.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Sat, 14 Jun 2003 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/717975</guid>
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