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    <title>Transport Research International Documentation (TRID)</title>
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    <copyright>Copyright © 2026. National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.</copyright>
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    <managingEditor>tris-trb@nas.edu (Bill McLeod)</managingEditor>
    <webMaster>tris-trb@nas.edu (Bill McLeod)</webMaster>
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      <title>Corrosion failure analysis of a railway tanker containing concentrated sulfuric acid</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1584332</link>
      <description><![CDATA[In this paper, the authors carried out a corrosion failure analysis of a railway tanker containing 92.5% sulfuric acid, in order to investigate the cause of the leakage accident that occurred in 2016 and to provide a theoretical basis for preventing similar accidents. The morphology and chemical composition of the corrosion scale were characterized by SEM and EDS. The theoretical corrosion rate of the railway tanker was calculated using weight loss experiments. The corrosion behavior model was established by electrochemical experiments. In order to investigate the cause of this leakage, a mechanical model was established, and the force of the railway tanker during transportation was analyzed through ANSYS software. The results show that the tanker material (low-alloy high-tensile structural steel, Q295A) meets the quality standard, and the main cause of this leakage accident was the local corrosion failure of the tanker leading to a crack due to stress during the transportation process. The corrosion source is diluted H2SO4 solution. The main component of the corrosion scale was Fe2O3. The theoretical corrosion rate was in the range of 1.413–1.978?mm/a, and the corrosion rate increased with the decrease in the concentration of H2SO4. The corrosion type was pitting corrosion. When the brake is applied when the tanker is in full load, the stress inside the tanker is about 8.94 times higher compared to a tanker with empty load in the static state. Because of this uneven force, a crack may develop leading to leakage from the corroded area of the tanker.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Fri, 22 Feb 2019 17:06:56 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1584332</guid>
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      <title>CONTRACTOR'S EQUIPMENT: A GUIDE TO BETTER SECURITY</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/541107</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The total losses from theft and vandalism on construction sites have been increasing dramatically over the past decade.  Theft of tools and equipment, particularly large mobile machinery, costs America's street and road builders in excess of $3,000,000 every year.  This column is the first in a series that will help contractors evaluate their own security program and consider improvements.  When job sites have inadequate security, contractors and their subcontractors are exposed to theft by employees and the public; vandalism by employees, former employees, local gangs, or children; arson or accidental fires; and injuries or fatalities to children who wander onto an unprotected site.  Direct costs can be as much as 3-5% of the job cost.  Indirect costs of job site theft include a drop in productivity and poor employee morale.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 04 Nov 1998 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/541107</guid>
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      <title>BOSTON MAY GET BIG DIVIDEND</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/635956</link>
      <description><![CDATA[If the safety record on Boston's Central Artery/Tunnel (CA/T) project continues to hold, taxpayers could reap a big dividend from the owner-controlled wrap-up insurance program.  At the very least, dividends and interest alone could make it a zero-cost $800-million venture.  The key to CA/T's success in the loss-sensitive program is the level of attention to safety, including onsite safety and claims management teams.  For the two most expensive portions, CA/T officials originally had estimated a 75% workers' compensation loss ratio and a 65% general liability loss.  However, those numbers have nose-dived because of a consolidated safety program, including drug testing, contractor financial safety incentives, mandatory safety and health training, job hazard analysis, and a zero-accident philosophy.  Continuing low loss ratios and growing income from investment of premiums will likely pay for the program and may even generate an $8-million surplus once the tail of the insurance program expires in 2017.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 29 Sep 1998 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/635956</guid>
    </item>
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      <title>PIPELINE RISK MANAGEMENT MANUAL: A TESTED AND PROVEN SYSTEM TO PREVENT LOSS AND ASSESS RISK</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/478929</link>
      <description><![CDATA[This second edition outlines a practical, direct method for analyzing pipeline risks, for professionals who need a flexible analysis system for design, business and operations decisions. It covers risk and cost-of-service interruption, methods to assess environmentally sensitive and high-value areas, and workplace stress. Instructions and examples include offshore pipelines and distribution system pipelines, as well as cross-country liquid and gas transmission pipelines. There is a new chapter on the analysis, interpretation and practical application of the data.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 20 May 1997 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/478929</guid>
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      <title>WATCHKEEPING IN PORT</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/456491</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The author discusses the importance of watchkeeping in port and stresses that the officer of the watch (OOW) must always spend as much time as possible actually on deck.  By continuously observing all operations the OOW will be immediately aware when things do not go according to plan, or if accidents occur.  He will then be in the best position to influence the course of events.  The OOW has to correct errors and minimise any adverse effect of incidents or accidents.  This may involve altering the procedures or methods of work, providing additional labour to assist, or arranging for the supply of extra or more suitable equipment.  His very presence may encourage others to work and/or behave in a more correct and efficient manner, and may discourage poor stowage, unsafe practices and criminal activities such as thieves and stowaways.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 27 Mar 1996 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/456491</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>LOSS PREVENTION IN LOG CARRIERS</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/455806</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Log carriers, referred to in register books as general cargo vessels or, sometimes bulk carriers are very common in East Asia. Every year up to ten of these vessels are lost through foundering in the South and East China Seas, and there is a considerable loss of human life.  The author discusses some of the probable causes of these ship losses and what can be done to prevent them.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 04 Mar 1996 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/455806</guid>
    </item>
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      <title>LOSS PREVENTION IN ACTION</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/445869</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The article explains how a P & I club has assisted ship managers to comply with the IMO International Safety Management Code.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 14 Aug 1995 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/445869</guid>
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    <item>
      <title>WHAT GETS MEASURED GETS DONE</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/440214</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The paper argues the case for a more pro-active approach to safety, occupational health and pollution control which incorporates a measurement system to determine management's commitment to loss prevention.  This systematic approach utilises the resources efficiently and demonstrates that the necessary work is, indeed, being done.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 14 Aug 1995 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/440214</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>HORSES FOR COURSES</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/406433</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The premise of this article is that despite there being a greater need than ever for good marine surveys, many people who use surveyors do not understand who they are employing or why, and as a result fail to get the best out of them. This article offers practical suggestions on how to select a qualified surveyor for the problem at hand and make best use of his expertise to protect the interests of the shipowner or operator and to control losses.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Thu, 21 Jul 1994 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/406433</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>CARGO SECURITY</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/398191</link>
      <description><![CDATA[This publication is one of a series of select bibliographies pertaining to specific aspects of cargo handling, prepared by the Information Service Library of the International Cargo Handling Co- ordination Association. This particular bibliography focuses on cargo security and covers such topics as cargo loss prevention; container crime; cargo security in transport systems; technological advances in port security; container protection practices; and containerization in relation to marine insurance.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Thu, 21 Jul 1994 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/398191</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>EMISSION--AN ECONOMIC AND LEGAL CROSSROADS</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/402904</link>
      <description><![CDATA[This paper focuses on the emissions resulting from the storage and distribution of petrochemicals. It proposes a computer-based pragmatic approach to the theoretical prediction of evaporative emissions.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Thu, 21 Jul 1994 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/402904</guid>
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      <title>EXPLOSIVELY WELDED SLEEVES EXTEND FEEDWATER-HEATER SERVICE LIFE</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/403272</link>
      <description><![CDATA[It is described how a problem of recurring feedwater heater tube- plug failures at a utility plant was solved by replacing leaking, conventionally-welded plugs with explosively-welded plugs of a type that had been successfully installed in other plants. In explosive welding, an explosive charge, usually in the form of a detonator, is placed within a plastic insert located in the bore of the tube. The detonator is so positioned as to ensure that the explosive force produces an actual metallurgical bond between the tube and the tubesheet. The success of the process in achieving tight joints and leakproof tube plugging led to the development of a sleeve that helps save tubes that might otherwise have to be plugged.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Thu, 21 Jul 1994 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/403272</guid>
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    <item>
      <title>BIBO: ON BOARD PACKING SAVES BAGS OF SUGAR</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/394795</link>
      <description><![CDATA[BIBO stands for "bulk in bags out", a cargo handling concept designed to prevent cargo losses of sugar or other bulk commodities from pilfering and damage. Sugar is loaded in bulk in Europe by the purpose-converted vessel, the CHL INNOVATOR. At its destination in North Africa or the Middle East, where close control is more difficult, an onboard plant loads the sugar into 50 kg bags. These are transferred by conveyor to quay warehouses or to road or rail vehicles. The bagging operation is described.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Thu, 21 Jul 1994 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/394795</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>UNACCOUNTED-FOR GAS PROJECT. DATABASES. VOLUME 5</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/344914</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The study was conducted to determine unaccounted-for (UAF) gas volumes resulting from operating Pacific Gas and Electric Co.'s transmission and distribution systems during 1987.  The results demonstrate that the UAF volumes are reasonable for determining the indirectly billed gas requirements component of the gas cost and for operating the PG & E gas system.  Gas leakage is a small percentage of UAF.  Summaries of studies on gas leakage, gas theft, measurement inaccuracies, and accounting methodologies are presented along with recommendations for further  work which could reduce or more accurately measure UAF.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 31 Dec 1991 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/344914</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>AVIATION GROUND OPERATION SAFETY HANDBOOK. FOURTH EDITION</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/349158</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Safety in aviation ground operations is an integral part of maintaining safe, reliable, economical airline service. Safety practices in the shop, hangar, on grounds and ramps, and in the terminal may very well determine the safety of passengers in the air.  This handbook suggests practices and programs that will improve aviation ground safety.  It is designed to guide the user in the prevention of accidents that may result in injuries to employees and the general public, and in damage or other loss to customers' and company property or equipment.  The contents are not regulations but suggested good practices.  In this fourth edition, an extensive discussion of fuel tank entry procedures has been added to Chapter 5, Hangar and Shop Operations.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Thu, 31 Jan 1991 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/349158</guid>
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