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    <copyright>Copyright © 2026. National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.</copyright>
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    <managingEditor>tris-trb@nas.edu (Bill McLeod)</managingEditor>
    <webMaster>tris-trb@nas.edu (Bill McLeod)</webMaster>
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      <title>Federal judge blocks Labor Department rule that may have disrupted trucking industry</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1449134</link>
      <description><![CDATA[]]></description>
      <pubDate>Thu, 02 Feb 2017 10:48:37 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1449134</guid>
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      <title>NFI settlement may signal rise in federal audits of overtime pay practices</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1425076</link>
      <description><![CDATA[]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 04 Oct 2016 11:24:23 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1425076</guid>
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      <title>New overtime threshold could disrupt payrolls, revamp job classifications, trucking execs warn</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1414952</link>
      <description><![CDATA[]]></description>
      <pubDate>Fri, 01 Jul 2016 12:15:21 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1414952</guid>
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    <item>
      <title>Overtime rule could affect operations, ATA says</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1409772</link>
      <description><![CDATA[]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 01 Jun 2016 13:47:26 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1409772</guid>
    </item>
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      <title>Employment law--the FAA's exemption from the FLSA-mandated overtime-pay provision after the Appropriations Act of 1996</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1361595</link>
      <description><![CDATA[]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 20 Jul 2015 10:38:35 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1361595</guid>
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      <title>Genetic Algorithm–Based Column Generation Approach to Passenger Rail Crew Scheduling</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/909567</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The goal of the present study was to develop and apply a genetic algorithm–based column generation heuristic to solve a passenger rail crew scheduling problem in North America. The crew scheduling problem minimized the total cost of payment to crew members on the basis of the number of hours on board, the number of hours held away from a crew base, the number of nights of lodging, and the number of onboard and away meals. Payment regulations also dictated an overtime payment and a guaranteed salary per week. Additional problem constraints included restrictions on the maximum number of continuous working hours, the maximum number of days worked per week, and the minimum number of hours of rest. The proposed heuristic produced solutions with improvements of total cost ranging from 3.0% to 27.9%.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 24 May 2010 14:08:37 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/909567</guid>
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      <title>Oil Workers and Seat-Belt Wearing Behaviour: The Northern Alberta Context</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/898432</link>
      <description><![CDATA[This study's objective was describing how oil workers' views of risk and seat belt usage behavior in northern Alberta, Canada, were influenced by social context. Qualitative research was the study design. In three northern Alberta locations, focus groups were held with oil workers. Each of the three focus groups, held in a different northern Alberta location, consisted of 15 participants, for 45 oil industry workers total. Focus group discourse revolved around a series of questions dealing with the following themes: risk taking propensity; workplace routines and work patterns; driving patterns and history; self-disclosed seat belt usage; and social relationships. Northern oil workers were found to believe that safety risk taking is an essential characteristic of where they work and who they are. Risk taking is encouraged by employers who offer attractive incentives for working overtime and demand consecutive numbers of hours on the job. Driving is also a place where risk taking appears when workers have worked 12-hour shifts for 14 consecutive days and then take numerous risks to get home. Most are situational seat belt users, buckling up at the threat of drunk and/or fatigued drivers, the presence of numerous logging trucks, and in inclement weather. Fatigued driving is considered the most dangerous driving risk that northern oil workers feel they face in the north. After completing his last work shift in a 14-day rotation, nearly every respondent had experienced fatigued driving. The author concludes that the oil industries should lead seat belt usage initiatives for oil workers during off-work driving. They could support and encourage the police, for example, to increase enforcement, collaborate with local communities to develop programs to increase awareness of seat belt usage, punish workers caught not wearing seat belts, and lobby the government for higher penalties. Since a key risk in the north has been described by workers as fatigued driving, oil industries should become engaged in interventions, with a vital component of fatigued driving interventions being seat belt usage.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 31 Aug 2009 09:27:17 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/898432</guid>
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      <title>Congress Passes Legislation Codifing Applications of Fair Labor Standards Act Overtime Rules to Drivers of Small Motor Vehicles (And Once Again Redefines the Term "Motor Carrier")</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/877122</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The Safe, Accountable, Flexible, Efficient Transportation Equity Act: A Legacy for Users (SAFETEA-LU), passed by Congress in 2005, contained a short provision adding a cross citation and additional word to the definition of "motor carrier" to mean only those companies that transported property or passengers through use of "commercial motor vehicle[s] (as defined in section 31132)." This created two unintended effects: interstate motor carriers were exempted of property through which these small vehicles were operated from the Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration (FMCSA) registration (operating license) requirements under 49 U.S.C. § 13902; and Fair Labor Standards Act overtime pay requirements were made applicable to drivers, loaders, and helpers for motor vehicles with 10,000 pounds or less gross vehicle rating. Congress included a provision for motor carriers operating the smaller vehicles, most of whom were unaware of the overtime provision application when it took effect in 2005. Such carriers will be protected from liability for any overtime provision violations occurring in the one year period after SAFETEA-LU's original enactment. There is nothing, however, in SAFETEA-LU which can be interpreted as creating, on behalf of a carrier, a right to recover any amount paid to a covered employee by the carrier in a Section 7 violation settlement or judgment occurring during this year-long period. How employees whose responsibilities involved both commercial motor vehicles and smaller vehicles will have overtime provisions applied to them is a questions that remains to be resolved.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 30 Dec 2008 12:37:14 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/877122</guid>
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      <title>Going Overboard on Overtime: Bostain v. Food Express, Inc.</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/863308</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The Washington Supreme Court held that employers must pay overtime pay to Washington-based interstate truck drivers, even if fewer than forty hours of work are actually performed within the state, in a 5-4 decision in Bostain v. Food Express, Inc. Three substantial legal issues were confronted in the case: whether only hours worked within Washington state were applicable to the Washington Minimum Wage Act's (MWA's) overtime pay requirements; interpretive rule enforceability promulgated by Washington's Department of Labor and Industries, seeming in conflict with the court's rending of the MWA; and whether MWA interpretation violated the Constitution's commerce clause. The author argues that in Bostain v. Food Express, Inc., the court attempted to provide the state's citizens a service through faithful overtime wage statute interpretation. He further argues that the only Washington-based interstate truck driver to benefit from the ruling is Larie Bostain, since the holding has disastrous implications.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 25 Jun 2008 09:25:59 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/863308</guid>
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    <item>
      <title>Motor Carrier Service and Federal and State Overtime Wage Coverage</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/863297</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The Fair Labor Standards Act of 1938 (FLSA) is one of the nation's basic labor laws. There are varied and complex exemption provisions in FLSA, including a motor carrier exemption. This exempts employees whose qualifications and hours of service are subject to regulation by the Secretary of Transportation. This usually includes: drivers who operate motor vehicles in interstate commerce, their helpers, mechanics who repair and service their vehicles, and those who load them. From the standpoint of independent owner-operators, collective bargaining agents, management, and others, no real problems with the federal motor carrier exemption have been indicated by the motor carrier industry, a reflection that until industry changes occur, the industry should continue to establish that its application is inconsistent with FLSA purposes. The author argues that it would also behoove motor carrier exemption supporters and the motor carrier industry itself to take affirmative steps for federal statutory provision enaction to preempt any state law inconsistent with the federal exemption or seek federal preemption adoption state legislation where necessary.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 25 Jun 2008 09:25:56 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/863297</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Current Developments in Motor Carrier Labor &amp; Employment Law</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/838604</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The author examines current legal issues in motor carrier labor and employment. The author concludes that the motor carrier industry must be more alert to congressional actions and all related consequences for industry, rather than just obvious applications and purported purposes. He believes that outside counsel with industry knowledge and the ability to use that knowledge in relevant litigation should be selected by carriers in order to avoid bad decision that will affect the industry as a whole and both parties as a case. He argues that while a court's actions cannot always be controlled, the industry should try its best to provide effective guidance. The author examines such issues as the Fair Labor Standards Act exemption and the Safe, Accountable, Flexible, Efficient Transportation Equity Act: A Legacy for Users (SAFETEA-LU); penalties, sanctions, and private rights of action; state overtime rule application expansion; carrier workers' compensation liability; independent contractor reclassification; and OSHA jurisdictional scope expansion.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Thu, 25 Oct 2007 10:26:43 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/838604</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Excess Workload and Sleep-Related Symptoms Among Commercial Long-Haul Truck Drivers</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/813865</link>
      <description><![CDATA[This article reports on a study that aimed to investigate correlations between excess workload and sleep-related symptoms among commercial long-haul truck drivers.  The authors conducted a self-administered anonymous questionnaire survey of 2,054 commercial long-haul truck drivers in a medium-sized city in northern Japan.  The authors analyzed 1,005 replies from male workers (mean age 41.8 year plus or minus 9.0 years). The questionnaire mainly consisted of questions of sociodemographic characteristics, working conditions, the Japanese version of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and the Japanese version of the 12-item General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12).  A third (33%) of the subjects worked more than 80 h per month in addition to their regular work; 34.6% mainly worked at night and 54.2% worked at night and during the day.  Nearly half (41.5%) of the subjects replied that their work schedules were irregular.  The authors report that further analyses revealed that excessive sleepiness while driving was significantly associated with overtime work, working hour distribution (night dominant), irregular schedules and GHQ-12 scores.  Sleep disturbance was significantly associated with body mass index, overtime work and a GHQ-12 score.  The authors emphasize concerns that overtime work can reduce sleep time and thus exacerbate both physical and mental health, while excessive sleepiness induces work-related accidents.  They conclude that excessive sleepiness at work among truck drivers was not only related to one excess workload factor, but to complicated interacting excess workload factors, in particular overtime work, irregular schedules, and night work.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 31 Jul 2007 07:23:42 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/813865</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>New York Terminal Radar Approach Control (TRACON) Operational Assessment (March 2- May 6, 2005)</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/757120</link>
      <description><![CDATA[On March 2, 2005, the Federal Aviation Administration convened a team of safety experts, investigators, current and former air traffic controllers, and human resource and finance professionals to begin a 60-day on-site operational assessment of its New York Terminal Radar Approach Control (the New York TRACON) facility.  This report is a summary of their findings and recommendations.  Briefly stated, the findings are as follows:  (1) Unreported operational errors found during this assessment did not jeopardize safety; (2) New York TRACON was not understaffed; (3) The Quality Assurance Program at the New York TRACON has not been effective; (4) New York TRACON has the highest overtime cost per operation of any large TRACON; (5) Current scheduling practices require unnecessary overtime to meet operational needs; (6) Schedule manipulation, low time-on-position, inappropriate use of sick leave, and high rates of Occupational Workman's Compensation Program (OWCP) at New York TRACON contribute to its high cost per Air Traffic operation; (7) Despite a sharp decrease in traffic counts in the Islip area staffing levels have remained constant; and (8) A culture of insubordination and intimidation exists at the New York TRACON that requires management attention to prevent derogation of safety.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Thu, 30 Jun 2005 16:30:44 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/757120</guid>
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    <item>
      <title>THE ABSENCE CONSEQUENCES OF OVERTIME IN THE TRANSIT INDUSTRY</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/677173</link>
      <description><![CDATA[This article studies the absence consequences of overtime in the transit industry through a disaggregate model of absence.  The model was estimated with panel data of transit operators to test the hypothesis that widespread availability of overtime may induce absence.  The results suggest that absence is more a habit than the result of a decision process based on past overtime worked.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Sat, 14 Apr 2001 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/677173</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>OVERTIME SOUGHT IN WAGE ACTION</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/486007</link>
      <description><![CDATA[A class action lawsuit filed March 24, 1998, claims that a large Massachusetts paving contractor violated the state's prevailing wage and overtime laws by not fully compensating workers for overtime.  The suit may eventually clarify whether the law requires contractors to include benefits in overtime premium calculations on public jobs.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Sat, 23 May 1998 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/486007</guid>
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