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    <title>Transport Research International Documentation (TRID)</title>
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    <copyright>Copyright © 2026. National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.</copyright>
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    <managingEditor>tris-trb@nas.edu (Bill McLeod)</managingEditor>
    <webMaster>tris-trb@nas.edu (Bill McLeod)</webMaster>
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      <title>Transport Research International Documentation (TRID)</title>
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    <item>
      <title>MMS WORLDWIDE TANKER SPILL DATABASE: AN OVERVIEW</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/410731</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The report is an attempt to share the contents of the Minerals Management Service (MMS) Worldwide Tanker Spill Database with other government, public, and private entities.  The report includes various spatial and temporal distributions of the more rigorous data from the database.  Each section of the report focuses on a particular analysis of the data; because the data needed were sometimes incomplete, the number of spills in each section can vary.  Each discussion contains a short description of the data included in the analysis and the overall results.  In some cases, suggestions are made regarding possible external factors that may have caused or affected a specific distribution, but no attempts have been made to prove cause and effect.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 16 Nov 1994 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/410731</guid>
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      <title>REMOTE SENSING OF OIL POLLUTION FROM THE AMOCO CADIZ</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/153382</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The chronology of remote sensing flights organized by Centre National pour l'Exploitation des Oceans, IFP, and l'lnstitut Geographique National is summarized.  Examples of the most commonly observed phenomena along the coastline are presented.  An interpretation of the various data collected is given for the area of Roscoff, taken as a model.  This interpretation is extended to draw series of maps of sea and coastline pollution for several days between Mar. 18 and May 26, 1978.  The maps for Mar. 18 and 21 are included.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 07 May 1980 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/153382</guid>
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      <title>EFFECT OF COASTAL PROCESSES ON THE DISTRIBUTION AND PERSISTENCE OF OIL SPILLED BY THE AMOCO CADIZ - PRELIMINARY CONCLUSIONS</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/153383</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The section of North Brittany contaminated by the Amoco Cadiz oil spill (Mar. 17, 1978) is a low-lying ria coastline dominated by dynamic processes favorable for the rapid dispersion of the oil.  Aerial and ground surveys were made of the impacted area on Mar. 19-Apr. 2, and Apr. 20-28, 1978, to detail the distribution and persistence of oil along the shoreline.  Oil deposition on the shoreline was primarily controlled by local geomorphology, e.g., rocky headlands, tombolos, crenulate bays, etc., and wind-driven currents.  About 62,000 t of oil were spread along 123 km of coastline and offshore rocks during the 1st study, whereas during the 2nd study, oil was distributed along 375 km of shoreline and offshore rocks due to a shift in wind direction.  However, the calculated quantity of oil was reduced by 85% to 9,200 t.  This study supports a previously developed oil spill vulnerability index which clasifies shorelines on a scale of 1-10 as to the potential longevity of oil after an oil spill.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 07 May 1980 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/153383</guid>
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      <title>AIRBORNE OIL SPILL SURVEILLANCE SYSTEMS IN SWEDEN</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/150360</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Two different oil spill surveillance systems are described. These systems are presently installed in two Cessna 337 aircraft. One of the systems is based on a side looking airborne radar (SLAR) and the other on a Daedalus IR/UV-line scanner. In both systems imagery generated from the sensors is presented in real-time on a TV-monitor to the operator/co-pilot in the aircraft. The SLAR system generates black-and-white imagery whereas the IR/UV-scanner system uses false color coding for image enhancement. The IR/UV-scanner system also has capabilities of recording unprocessed data on tape, polaroid photographing of displayed images, and near real-time image transmission down to ships via a TV video to Xerox telecopier interface and a voice channel link. The technical evaluation and field testing of the two systems is summarized. Most of the tests were carried out in the Baltic Sea and included oil spill detection, cleanup surveillance, ice reconnaissance, monitoring of fishing activities, and search and rescue operations.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 07 May 1980 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/150360</guid>
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      <title>BOUCHARD NO. 65 OIL SPILL IN THE ICE-COVERED WATER OF BUZZARDS BAY</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/153151</link>
      <description><![CDATA[On Jan. 28, 1977, the barge Bouchard No. 65 grounded, releasing about 81,150 gal (307 sq m 3) No. 2 home heating oil into Buzzards Bay, MA, which was 90% ice covered.  Field measurements and observations began at the spill site on Jan. 29 and continued until Feb. 25, when only negligible amounts of oil remained in the bay.  This paper presents these data and puts the results in perspective with the present state of the art.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 22 Apr 1980 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/153151</guid>
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    <item>
      <title>A SCIENTIFIC STUDY TO DEVELOP A PRACTICAL METHOD FOR ASSESSING THE CLEANUP OF "SOUR" (HIGH SULPHUR) CRUDE OIL SPILLS IN LITTORAL SANDS USING BENTHIC MICROORGANISMS</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/144871</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The objective of this study was to determine if a practical method could be developed for assessing the cleanup of a single spill of Arabian Light Stabilized crude oil in littoral sands and gravels by using microorganisms as indicators.  Crude oil was spilled on beaches at three localities along the Connecticut shoreline where different environmental conditions are present and the microbiota and sediments in oiled plots were compared with those in unoiled plots for up to 15 months.  The study showed that microorganisms cannot be used as indicators of the effectivenss of cleanup operations in these sediments. Species diversity in the oiled and unoiled plots at each study locality was about the same throughout the study and, in general, only slight differences in the number of individuals were observed for most species.  The spilled oil was rapidly removed from these sediments by natural processes.  Retention was longest in the sediments that had relatively large amounts of organism produced mucilaginous materials.  However, even in these sediments, the crude oil was not detected approximately three months after it was spilled.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Thu, 20 Mar 1980 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/144871</guid>
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      <title>OIL POLLUTION PREVENTION-VESSELS AND MARINE OIL TRANSFER FACILITIES</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/145320</link>
      <description><![CDATA[This amendment changes the Oil Pollution Prevention Regulations.  Changes are necessary due to public and industry comments, Coast Guard experience in enforcing the existing regulations, the availability of economical and practicable pollution control and monitoring equipment, and new requirements accepted as necessary by the Intergovernmental Maritime Consultative Organization (IMCO) during the 1978 International Conference on Tanker Safety and Pollution Prevention (TSPP).  The primary reason for revising the regulations is that frequent operational oil spills remain the greatest source of damage to the environment, rather than the occasional catastrophic spill. Cargo tank cleaning, bilge pumping, ballasting, faulty equipment and personnel errors cause more spills than the major catastrophes.  These spills can be prevented by proper equipment, personnel and procedural requirements.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Thu, 20 Mar 1980 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/145320</guid>
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    <item>
      <title>COMBATING OIL POLLUTION WITH THE AID OF A COMPUTER</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/148016</link>
      <description><![CDATA[A computer system, Sliktrak, developed by the Oil Industry Exploration and Production Forum, simulates the creation of an oil spill and predicts its movement and dispersal, considering wind, evaporation, mixing with the sea and currents, and making it possible to predict how much oil will reach a particular coastline from any given oil well blowout or spillage. At present, the system contains information about currents in the North Sea and of weather conditions taken from meteorological data compiled over 2 yrs.  Although it is intended for use mainly as a tool, it can be used to monitor the effects of an actual disaster. The system is a general one but can be adapted for a specific area, provided adequate meteorological and oceanographic information is available.  Sliktrak is available on the Scicon Computer Services bureau's twin Univak 1108 computers 24 hr/d, 7d/wk.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 27 Feb 1980 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/148016</guid>
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    <item>
      <title>OIL SPILL DETECTION BY USE OF THERMAL CONDUCTIVITY</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/87993</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The sensor system consists of a floating sensor probe connected by cable to a control box containing the instrumentation.  It continuously measures the "thermal resistance" of a semiconductor diode located at the water surface which may be polluted by films of oil or other hydrocarbons.  Applications include 1) ground water monitoring at oil or gasoline storage facilities, 2) monitoring discharges into rivers etc. 3) oil leak sensing around ships, 4) surface oil sensing of bilge water and 5) oil separator applications.  Order from NSFI as No. 17201.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Sat, 15 Sep 1979 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/87993</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>THE AMOCO CADIZ OIL SPILL-LINES OF STUDY AND EARLY OBSERVATIONS</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/91573</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The French Ministry of Environment is sponsoring a long-term program to assess the ecological impact of the Amoco Cadiz oil spill on the marine environment.  Nine French organizations, along with U.S. and Canadian agencies, are participating in a 3-yr program to monitor the chemical quality of the water, sediments, and marine organisms, study ecological effects and microbiological processes, and conduct toxicological research.  Collective reports document the oil impact as follows: the fresh crude oil was rapidly dispersed by rough seas in the first fortnight, killing numerous marine organisms; the general spreading of the oil was controlled with all rocky and sandy shores facing the west progressively oiled; winds turned easterly; spring sand aeration in the upper part of the beaches with high tidal coefficient buried the heavy oil deposits to depths of 50-80 cm; low energy areas, Abers, Bay of Morlaix, and Lannion, were heavily polluted and will likely be polluted for long periods of time; and the resultant hydrocarbon levels in subtidal sediment in the Bay of Lannion and the Bay of Morlaix were 1%-2% at 8-30 m depth.  Birds were directly affected with 4,000 dead birds collected.  Algae seem to be in good physiological condition.  The zooplankton were almost absent 1 mo after the spill, but were beginning to reappear the following month.  The commercial fishing activity in the area was interrupted for only 1 mo.  The oyster beds were highly polluted with 150-400 ppm total hydrocarbons and could not be used for several months.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 15 Aug 1979 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/91573</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>OILSPILL WORKSHOP</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/85023</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Items considered are spill conditions and logistics...methods of monitoring slick movement, ice movement, weather conditions and seastate...oil-ice interaction, spreading of oil between floes, slick movement and rates of evaporation and dispersion...tests to determine the effectiveness of in-situ burning, and the effectiveness of dispersants and whether we should perform any equipment tests at a spill site.  /Author/]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 31 Jul 1979 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/85023</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>OIL POLLUTION REPORTS. VOLUME 5, NUMBER 2, FEBRUARY 1978 - MAY 1978</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/82533</link>
      <description><![CDATA[OIL POLLUTION REPORTS (formerly OIL SPILL AND OIL POLLUTION REPORTS) is a quarterly compilation of abstracts of current oil pollution-related literature, research projects, and conferences. Comprehensive coverage of terrestrial and aquatic oil pollution and its prevention and control is provided, with emphasis on the marine environment. The report contains (a) citations and summaries of 1975 to 1978 scientific and technical publications, and patents; (b) status and summaries of current research programs; and (c) information on current meetings.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 28 Mar 1979 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/82533</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>OIL POLLUTION DETECTION AND SENSING. VOLUME 2. 1976-AUGUST, 1978 (A BIBLIOGRAPHY WITH ABSTRACTS)</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/77954</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Citations of research on sampling, detection, and chemical analysis of oil in water are presented. Studies on remote sensing principally using radar, ocean wave damping, and infrared detection are included. The classification, pattern recognition, luminescence, gas chromatography, and neutron activation analysis of oils are reported in these abstracts. The majority of these citations concern oil spills, but studies on oil wastes, industrial wastes, bilge water, and sewage are also covered. (This updated bibliography contains 135 abstracts, 33 of which are new entries to the previous edition.)]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 27 Feb 1979 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/77954</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>REMOTE SENSING FOR THE CONTROL OF MARINE POLLUTION. PRELIMINARY INVENTORY OF AVAILABLE TECHNOLOGIES.</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/78051</link>
      <description><![CDATA[As regards damage to the marine environment, oil spills at sea are considered to be one of the main sources of pelagic pollution: at the present time, it is estimated that more than six million tons of hydrocarbons enter the marine environment as a result of shipping and certain coastal, industrial and urban activities, river-borne pollution, oil prospecting and mining at sea and, finally, natural seepage from certain sea bottoms. This pollution is mainly due to intentional discharge, i.e. the routine evacuation of hydrocarbon-carrying effluents, or to accidental discharge, as a result of damage to installations or ships. Because of the rapid development of techniques and the multiplicity of studies and research undertaken, particularly with a view to developing integrated remote detection systems to meet the overall requirements of users, it has been found desirable to take stock of present knowledge in this field (excluding satellites for the time being) so that the lines to be followed in the mentioned areas can be determined and assessed. This manual is a first inventory of available techniques, instrumentation, and research centers in the field of remote sensing of the marine environment for detection of pollution. Inclusion in this inventory of information from specific organizations or firms does not in any way imply approval or endorsement of the organizations or firms, or of particular equipment, by the CCMS, NATO, or the Alliance Nations.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 27 Feb 1979 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/78051</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>OIL SPILL AND OIL POLLUTION REPORTS: AUGUST 1977-OCTOBER 1977</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/75563</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The August 1977 - October 1977 issue of Oil Spill and Oil Pollution Reports is a quarterly compilation of oil pollution publications and ongoing project summaries. Presented in the report are: (a) summaries and citations of published literature and patents; (b) summaries and status of current research projects; and (c) current oil-related conferences. (Portions of this document are not fully legible)]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 31 Oct 1978 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/75563</guid>
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