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    <title>Transport Research International Documentation (TRID)</title>
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    <copyright>Copyright © 2026. National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.</copyright>
    <docs>http://blogs.law.harvard.edu/tech/rss</docs>
    <managingEditor>tris-trb@nas.edu (Bill McLeod)</managingEditor>
    <webMaster>tris-trb@nas.edu (Bill McLeod)</webMaster>
    <image>
      <title>Transport Research International Documentation (TRID)</title>
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      <link>https://trid.trb.org/</link>
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    <item>
      <title>OIL PERFORMANCE IN A METHANOL-FUELED VEHICLE USED IN SEVERE SHORT-TRIP SERVICE</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/374835</link>
      <description><![CDATA[A methanol and a gasoline vehicle were each subjected to testing under severe short-trip driving conditions.  Results show that the cool oil sump temperatures caused more fuel and water to collect in the oil of the methanol vehicle.  Protective properties of both vehicles' oils degraded during short trips but rebounded somewhat during a subsequent long trip.  Slightly warmer sump temperatures in longer short-trip driving resulted in no methanol dilution in the methanol vehicle's oil, and higher total volatiles contamination in the gasoline vehicle's oil.  Freeway driving following the longer short trips promoted less rebound in the degraded oils' protective properties.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Thu, 29 Jul 1993 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/374835</guid>
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      <title>FATE AND EFFECTS OF OIL POLLUTANTS IN EXTREMELY COLD MARINE ENVIRONMENTS</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/84544</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Petroleum degradation was studied using Prudhoe Bay crude oil incubated in situ in several Arctic ecosystems.  Studies were conducted in water, ice and sediment ecosystems.  No biodegradation of oil was found when oil was allowed to freeze into the ice matrix.  When oil was spilled under ice evaporative losses were greatly restricted and biodegradation rates were very low.  In sediment, biodegradative changes in the oil were found within a few days of spillage.  /Author/]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 31 Jul 1979 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/84544</guid>
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      <title>LONG-TERM FATE OF A HEAVY FUEL OIL IN A SPILL-CONTAMINATED B.C.</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/86185</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The fate of accidently spilled No. 5 fuel oil in a small coastal bay was observed 6 times during 4 yr.  The oil's composition was first changed by loss of the lower molecular weight components by evaporation and dissolution. Biodegradation accounted for almost complete removal of n-alkanes in the 1st yr.  Pristance and phytane were biodegraded more slowly, but were almost completely gone in 4 yr.  The non-n-alkane components in the nC sub 28-36 range seem to be the most resistant to degradation of all the comonents resolved in the gas chromatograms.  The resistance to degradation of these components indicates their potential for long-term studies of oil spills.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 25 Apr 1979 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/86185</guid>
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    <item>
      <title>BUGS IN THE CRANKCASE</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/80785</link>
      <description><![CDATA[An assessment of microbial attack on engine lubricating oils is made.  Aspects covered include recognition of the condition, contributory causes, a few case histories, and general methods of cure and prevention.  Order from BSRA as No. 49,288.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Sat, 13 Jan 1979 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/80785</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>RECOVERY POTENTIAL OF OILED MARINE NORTHERN ENVIRONMENTS</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/80005</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Over 160 participants from nine countries met to discuss: (1) the long-term fate of petroleum hydrocarbons after spills--changes in composition and microbial degradation, (2) physiological stresses and response in chronically oiled organisms, and (3) long-term effects of oil spills on marine intertidal communities.  It was concluded that it will take at least 5 to 15 years for the marine environments involved to return to a stable state.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 12 Dec 1978 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/80005</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>PRUDHOE CRUDE OIL IN ARCTIC MARINE ICE, WATER, AND SEDIMENT ECOSYSTEMS: DEGRADATION AND INTERACTIONS WITH MICROBIAL AND BENTHIC COMMUNITIES</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/80006</link>
      <description><![CDATA[A variety of in situ models were used to simulate oil spills in different arctic ecosystems.  Numbers of oil-degrading microorganisms were found to increase after oil contamination.  Oil contamination of sediment resulted in mortality of indigenous invertebrates.  Recolonization of oil-contaminaed sediments began shortly after oil contamination but benthic communities were significantly different in oil-contaminated sediment compared with the control, 2 mo after oil contamination.  Petroleum hydrocarbons were degraded slowly.  Ice greatly restricted losses of light hydrocarbons.  Following initial abiotic losses, boidegradation of oil was limited and did not significantly alter the relative percentages of hydrocarbons in the residual oil.  We concluded that petroleum hydrocarbons will remain in arctic ecosystems for prolonged periods after oil contamination.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 12 Dec 1978 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/80006</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>MICROBIAL INFECTION OF SHIPS' LUBRICANTS</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/76090</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The conditions under which micro-organisms thrive are reviewed, and the direct and indirect effects on engine operation are summarized.  Ways of detection and places to test for micro-organisms are outlined, and remedial and preventive measures are explained. Order from NSFI as No. 14914.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 14 Nov 1978 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/76090</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>NEW CONCEPT OF OIL DISPERSION IN VIEW OF CLEAN UP BY DEGRADATION</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/73452</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Some misunderstanding has arisen from evidence of deleterious effects of oil dispersion, leading to the conclusion that such a treatment is more dangerous than the pollution itself.  In fact, the main objective is to promote the speed of degradation by parcelling of oil, the droplets becoming widespread and bursting at the ocean surface to form films which will disintegrate quickly under microbial actions.  With new dispersant formulations, the hydrocarbon pollutants will tend to separate from seawater so that living organisms would not be injured in the comparatively clean water below.  Meanwhile, by its chemical composition, the dispersant will bring nutrients to the medium and, moreover, will remain within the oil phase.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 28 Jun 1978 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/73452</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>PRIORITIES IN FATE OF OIL SPILL RESEARCH</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/73455</link>
      <description><![CDATA[A 3-dimensional computer simulation model, based on rate data obtained from the literature, was used to evaluate the interaction of different types of petroleum hydrocarbons for a range of environmental conditions in the marine environment.  Research efforts that will be required to gain understanding of the fate of oil in the ocean were categorized with respect to 5 major environmental reservoirs.  Priority assessments were oriented toward critical areas where the present data are either not available or inadequate.  Processes operating at the water surface are considered to be the most important.  High priority research topics include spreading, mixing, dissolution, emulsification, photochemical degradation, bottom transport and degradation, sorption of oil on particulates, and coordinated studies of processes active in the nearshore zone.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 28 Jun 1978 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/73455</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>PRACTICAL ASPECTS OF MARINE ENGINE LUBRICATION</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/72688</link>
      <description><![CDATA[In this paper, which was presented at a symposium in Geneva, the Author discusses in some detail a number of matters that affect the maintenance of engine lubricating-oils in good condition in ships' systems.  The matters examined include: contamination and sediment build-up; full-flow filtration; by-pass cleaning; centrifuging and filtration; foaming and air entrainment; oil-pump suction and pump seals; water emulsions; bacteria system oil-tank design; the painting of engine interiors; and system flushing in new ships.  A number of recommendations are made.  Order from: BSRA as No. 47, 780.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 26 Apr 1978 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/72688</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>QUANTITATIVE STUDIES ON MARINE BIODEGRADATION OF OIL -- 3. COMPARISON OF DIFFERENT CRUDE OIL RESIDUES AND EFFECTS OF SEA WATER SOURCE</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/60885</link>
      <description><![CDATA[A respirometric method, which had been used previously for studying the degradation of Kuwait crude oil residue in local sea water, was used again with two different crude oil residues as substrates.  However, the differences found appeared to be due mainly to the sample of sea water rather than to the type of oil.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 07 Mar 1978 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/60885</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>MICROBIAL DEGRADATION OF MARINE LUBRICATING OIL</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/60637</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The paper briefly outlines the mechanism of oil degradation by microorganisms and reports practical experience of the types and origin of organisms found in affected ships and the appearance of the oil and bearing surfaces suffering this form of attack.  Practical recommendations are given for identification of the problem at the early stages and tested methods used to eliminate the bacterial infection are discussed.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 30 Jan 1978 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/60637</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>PREVENTIVE DEHYDRATION AND MONITORING OF LUBRICATION OILS FOR MEDIUM SPEED DIESEL ENGINES</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/57367</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Failures due to water contamination, causes of oil deterioration, and methods of water removal are discussed. Vacuum dehydration, particularly a unit which makes use of glassfibre elements, is then described, and typical application is briefly considered.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 30 Jan 1978 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/57367</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>BIODEGRADATION OF OIL IN SEAWATER FOR NAVAL POLLUTION CONTROL</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/54542</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The report describes the isolation and utilization of pure and mixed microbial cultures for experiments on the biodegradation of crude oil Bunker C fuel and marine diesel. Many microbial species were found that had hydrocarbonoclastic activity.  When pure cultures were combined in mixtures the activity was much greater, 91% oxidation in seven days, than the activity of any one of the component species when used in a pure culture.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Thu, 13 Oct 1977 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/54542</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>THE FASCINATING PHENOMENON OF MICROBE-INFECTED OIL</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/54201</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The article is a summary of a paper titled "Microbial Degradation of Lubricating Oil" which discusses the mechanism of attack and gives recommendations of how to identify the problem at an early stage.  The organisms oxidize hydrocarbons to carbon dioxide and water, emulsifying the oil and causing severe corrosion.  A water phase is necessary for germination and the paper shows how this can be dealt with.  The overall effects of microbial degradation are shown.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 20 Sep 1977 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/54201</guid>
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