<rss version="2.0" xmlns:atom="https://www.w3.org/2005/Atom">
  <channel>
    <title>Transport Research International Documentation (TRID)</title>
    <link>https://trid.trb.org/</link>
    <atom:link href="https://trid.trb.org/Record/RSS?s=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" rel="self" type="application/rss+xml" />
    <description></description>
    <language>en-us</language>
    <copyright>Copyright © 2026. National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.</copyright>
    <docs>http://blogs.law.harvard.edu/tech/rss</docs>
    <managingEditor>tris-trb@nas.edu (Bill McLeod)</managingEditor>
    <webMaster>tris-trb@nas.edu (Bill McLeod)</webMaster>
    <image>
      <title>Transport Research International Documentation (TRID)</title>
      <url>https://trid.trb.org/Images/PageHeader-wTitle.jpg</url>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/</link>
    </image>
    <item>
      <title>Beyond Enforcement Policies for Reducing Speeding Among Young E-Scooter Riders</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2685159</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Young e-scooter riders are becoming more involved in urban safety risk due to speeding, yet policy instruments tend to address speeding as a compliance issue. This paper investigates a behavior-informed pathway by evaluating the joint effects of emotion regulation challenges, risk-related dispositions, attitudes towards traffic rules and internal control on willingness to speed. Based on the data of an online survey of young riders, the findings suggest that the higher the risk-related tendencies and more permissive attitudes towards the traffic rules, the higher the willingness to speed, and the more internal control, the lower the willingness. Speeding propensity is also associated with difficulties in emotion control, which implies that more emotional and time-driven speeding choices can be made. These associations remained substantively consistent after accounting for socially desirable responding and across key subgroups (e.g., gender and riding frequency). Findings indicate that, beyond visible enforcement, cities can enhance policy operability by incorporating brief, scalable interventions that mitigate risk-taking and impulsivity by providing structured self-regulation/impulse-management training, change permissive rule attitudes by providing norm-correcting and peer-involved messages, and develop internal control skills by including modules in rider education and campus/community programs.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 31 Mar 2026 10:15:39 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2685159</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Incorporating embarrassment of publicly help-seeking into technology Acceptance: Policy pathways for mobility scooter adoption among people with disabilities</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2685147</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Although mobility among people with disabilities has been studied extensively, evidence concentrates on large cities in high-income countries, leaving a gap for Low- and Middle-Income cities where advanced mobility aids are scarce. This study examines mobility scooters adoption among people with disabilities in Iran, comparing behavioral determinants between a metropolitan city and a small regional city. We extend the Technology Acceptance Model by incorporating two stigma-related constructs: internalized shame and Embarrassment of Publicly Help-Seeking (EPHS). Together, these capture both enduring self-evaluative stigma and situational, visibility-driven discomfort experienced in public spaces. While prior studies have examined internalized stigma (e.g., shame), EPHS is introduced as a novel construct that isolates an externally triggered, visibility-sensitive barrier specifically associated with public help-seeking. Using data from 785 face-to-face interviews, we applied structural equation modelling (SEM) along with Multiple Indicators Multiple Causes (MIMIC) and Multi-Group Analysis (MGA) to assess behavioral determinants and contextual heterogeneity. We also code responses to an open-ended question to reveal unmeasured barriers. The extended model demonstrates good fit and explanatory power for behavioral intention. Attitude is the dominant predictor; perceived usefulness adds, while perceived risk weakens both. Stigma is noticeable: shame weakens perceived ease of use, perceived usefulness, and intention; EPHS can increase favorable attitudes by focusing on independence and social participation. Heterogeneity emerges: in the large city, instrumental evaluations (usefulness) dominate; in the smaller city, norms linked to shame and higher perceived risk weigh more. Policy implications span five interrelated domains. From a governance perspective, coordinated regulation and safety standards can enhance trust and legitimacy. Equity measures, including subsidies, gender-responsive onboarding, and tailored support for users with varying health profiles, can expand accessibility. Inclusion policies that engage families and promote stigma-reduction campaigns are vital for normalizing scooter use. Infrastructure and design improvements, such as accessible pavements, safer scooter designs, and integration with public transport, can improve usability and safety. Finally, technology and innovation policies encouraging locally adaptive design and continuous monitoring can ensure sustained, context-sensitive implementation.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 31 Mar 2026 10:15:39 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2685147</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Passenger Satisfaction Evaluation: An Integration of Value-Belief-Norm Theory and Airport Service Quality</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2616844</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Passenger satisfaction with airport services encompasses a range of factors influenced by both tangible service quality dimensions and underlying psychological and behavioral drivers. While traditional frameworks, such as the Airport Service Quality program, have focused on measurable service dimensions like accessibility, facilities, and security, emerging research suggests that passenger satisfaction is also shaped by deeper, value-driven mechanisms. This study explores the application of the value-belief-norm (VBN) model as a theoretical lens to evaluate passenger satisfaction with airport service quality. The VBN model posits that individuals’ values influence their beliefs and norms, which in turn guide their behavior and perceptions. By integrating the model, the study aims to move beyond conventional metrics and examine how passengers’ underlying values, personal norms, and situational beliefs shape their satisfaction with various aspects of airport services. Data were collected through an online survey of Imam Khomeini International Airport passengers, focusing on both observable factors (e.g., service dimensions) and latent constructs informed by the VBN model. Findings indicate that satisfaction is significantly influenced by service quality dimensions and passengers’ alignment with environmental, social, and health-related values, which offers actionable insights for managers to align service delivery with evolving passenger values and norms.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 31 Mar 2026 10:13:16 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2616844</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Reliability-based crash risk analysis for prioritizing safety projects</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2652397</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Social crash costs and the limitations of allocated highway safety budgets are two key factors influencing the prioritization of highway safety projects. To ensure the efficient use of these budgets, expenditures must be optimized to achieve the highest possible impact. This study presents a framework that uses the Empirical Bayesian (EB) method to develop probabilistic models of social crash costs. The framework calculates the exceedance probability of crash costs for various collision types, including rare events, through the Monte Carlo method, a technique within reliability analysis. The framework is applied to Highway 36 in Iran, which spans 186 km. Utilizing a reliability-based risk analysis, all highway segments—comprising 34 tangent and 30 horizontal curve segments—were prioritized for safety improvements. A key outcome of this study, beyond project prioritization, is the creation of exceedance probability curves for social crash costs across different collision types. These curves offer a valuable foundation for informed decision-making in risk mitigation.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Thu, 26 Mar 2026 16:59:30 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2652397</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Energy-based criteria for assessment of box girder highway bridges subjected to pier loss against progressive collapse</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2648194</link>
      <description><![CDATA[This study introduces energy-based failure criteria for reinforced concrete bridge piers aimed at evaluating the progressive collapse potential of box girder highway bridges. A real-world bridge located in Tehran, is employed as a representative case study. To broaden the applicability of the findings, variations in the bridge’s geometric and structural parameters are incorporated to reflect a range of typical highway bridge configurations. Two principal energy-based criteria are established: the limit state energy, corresponding to the pier’s ultimate load-bearing capacity, and the failure energy, which serves as a sufficient criterion for assessing progressive collapse susceptibility. A total of 15 finite element models were developed for the investigation; 13 of which were single-pier models representing monolithic joint, span-by-span, and balanced cantilever systems with varying span lengths, used to establish the energy-based criteria. The remaining two models were three-span bridge systems utilized to validate the criteria and examine the progressive collapse potential of the full bridge configurations under instantaneous pier removal scenarios. The results demonstrate that piers in monolithic systems exhibit superior energy dissipation compared to those in span-by-span systems, which in turn outperform balanced cantilever systems. Additionally, shorter spans consistently showed better energy dissipation than longer spans. However, in the full bridge models subjected to pier removal scenarios, monolithic bridge configurations show greater susceptibility to progressive collapse, while span-by-span systems display a higher capacity to prevent collapse propagation. In these models, the failure criteria were only exceeded by the collapsed piers, highlighting the reliability and predictive accuracy of the criterion.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 24 Mar 2026 09:09:08 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2648194</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Willingness to pay for electric vehicle charging: A comparative study of machine learning and ordered logit models</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2678131</link>
      <description><![CDATA[This study analyzes factors influencing users’ willingness to pay (WTP) for electric vehicle (EV) charging in Tehran, Iran, where cheap fossil fuels and limited infrastructure pose key challenges. Data were collected from a stated preference survey of 366 residents in summer 2024. An ordered logit model (OLM) was applied to identify influential variables, and machine learning models (Random Forest, XGBoost, Support Vector Machine) were tested for predictive accuracy. Results show that WTP is highest at commercial centers and workplaces or educational institutions, about 60% higher than cost parity with fossil fuels. Longer charging times reduce WTP, with each additional minute lowering the chance of choosing higher payment options by 0.4%. Environmental awareness and the presence of amenities increase WTP. Machine learning models outperform OLM, with Random Forest reaching 75.73% accuracy compared to 59.02%. Expanding charging facilities in workplaces and educational institutions could maximize WTP, improve accessibility, and support investment recovery.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 23 Mar 2026 15:15:33 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2678131</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Unlocking gridlock: how telecommuting and flexible working hours can mitigate urban congestion and air pollution</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2647577</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Megacities in developing countries face severe traffic congestion and air pollution, exacerbated by high private car use for commuting. Travel demand management (TDM) policies like telecommuting and flexible working hours (flextime) offer potential relief. However, their integrated impacts on traffic, non-renewable energy consumption, and environment in such contexts are not well quantified. Therefore, this research contributes to the literature by modeling different adoption rates, informed by a stated preference (SP) survey in Tehran, and comparing the traffic, non-renewable energy consumption, and environmental effects for different scenarios.This study employs an integrated framework for Tehran, Iran. First, an SP survey of 1,413 employees informed realistic adoption rates. These rates were then used to develop policy scenarios which were modeled in the Tehran Comprehensive Transportation Model (TCTM) to assess changes in morning peak travel demand. Impacts were evaluated across traffic performance, fuel consumption, and pollutant emissions.A 20% telecommuting adoption scenario increases average network speed by 11.8%, reduces travel time by 17.2%, and cuts gasoline and diesel consumption and carbon monoxide (CO) emission by 13.2%, 1.3%, and 14.3%, respectively. Besides, a 22% flextime adoption scenario outperforming 20% telecommuting by increasing speed by 15.0%, reducing travel time by 21.2%, and achieving greater reductions in gasoline and diesel consumption by 16.2% and 4.4% and CO emissions by 17.4%. Results offer evidence-based recommendations that can be used by policymakers and urban transportation planners in pursuit of sustainable transportation options in rapidly urbanizing cities.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Fri, 20 Mar 2026 17:00:29 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2647577</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Women's recreational walking preferences in urban streets: A structural equation modeling approach</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2644264</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Women's walkability in urban spaces is increasingly recognized as vital to urban livability and social sustainability, ensuring equitable access to public space and fostering everyday interaction. Despite growing attention to walking behaviors, few studies comprehensively examine how perceptual-visual, sociocultural, and built environment factors shape women's walking preferences, especially in contexts with strong traditions and patriarchal norms. Drawing on feminist geography and mobility justice, this study frames women's walking as embedded in spatial politics and gendered power relations. To explore this, a survey was conducted with 250 women along three main streets radiating from Tajrish Square, a politically and culturally significant urban node in Tehran. This contested space, marked by gender visibility and civic symbolism, offers a rich setting to investigate the interplay of urban form, visual perception, and sociocultural dynamics. Data were collected via standardized questionnaires and analyzed using Confirmatory Factor Analysis and Structural Equation Modeling to assess relationships among latent constructs. Space Syntax analysis further evaluated street network configuration and connectivity, clarifying how urban form affects movement and accessibility. Findings reveal perceptual-visual factors had the strongest direct impact on walking preferences (β = 0.354), followed by sociocultural (β = 0.328) and built environment factors (β = 0.243). Indirect effects via sociocultural mediation were similar for perceptual-visual (β = 0.158) and built environment factors (β = 0.156). The total effect of perceptual-visual (β = 0.513) and built environment factors (β = 0.399) underscores the mediating role of sociocultural variables. Overall, the study highlights women's walking as both a sustainable mobility practice and a socio-political act, deeply rooted in the spatial and symbolic fabric of the city.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Fri, 20 Mar 2026 14:47:17 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2644264</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Outsourcing strategies for pilotage and towage Operations: A grounded theory approach</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2644114</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Ports serve as critical gateways to global trade, and their efficiency directly affects national economic performance. Among core port operations, pilotage and towage services ensure safe and efficient vessel movements, forming essential components of maritime logistics. Given the growing complexity of port operations and the increasing role of private sector participation, outsourcing these services has become a strategic policy concern. This study aims to develop a grounded, context-specific framework for outsourcing pilotage and towage operations within the Iranian port system. Employing a qualitative grounded theory approach, fifteen in-depth semi-structured interviews were conducted with managers of the Ports and Maritime Organization, private service providers, and shipping companies. Data were analyzed through open, axial, and selective coding using NVIVO software. The findings led to the development of a multi-layered paradigm model integrating causal, contextual, and intervening conditions that influence outsourcing strategies, including decisions on full versus partial outsourcing, regional versus cluster-based allocation, and non-profit versus for-profit contractors. The results indicate that successful outsourcing depends on aligning private sector maturity, regulatory clarity, and financial incentives with national maritime governance structures. The study contributes theoretically by extending outsourcing and port governance frameworks to the context of developing economies and practically by offering policymakers a structured decision-making model for evaluating alternative outsourcing strategies in pilotage and towage operations.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 11 Mar 2026 16:58:59 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2644114</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>The 15-minute city in the Global South: Modeling spatial accessibility and measuring social equity across seven major Iranian cities</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2633492</link>
      <description><![CDATA[As cities around the globe strive to improve urban sustainability and resilience while tackling challenges like climate change, Moreno's 15-minute city model is becoming increasingly popular in urban planning research and practice. Several previous studies have applied different spatial modeling frameworks to assess whether contemporary cities align with the vision of this model. To date, few studies have focused on the applicability of this model in Global South cities. As such, further empirical research is required to advance our understanding of the global relevance of the 15-minute city concept beyond narratives predominantly rooted in Western urbanism. Our study aims to fill this gap by operationalizing the model for seven major Iranian cities and highlighting the relationships between social exclusion and inequitable access to everyday needs. We show significant variation in the levels of walking access to different activity location categories within and across the study cities, with inner areas exhibiting better access and marginal areas showing poorer access to essential services. Furthermore, residents’ deprivation level was strongly associated with a higher probability of reaching everyday services beyond a 15-minute walk— except for two cities. We discuss that although in study cities essential amenities are, to some extent, accessible within a 15-minute walk or bike ride, significant socio-cultural, institutional, and infrastructural barriers; such as, imposed restrictions on women’s cycling, inadequate active travel infrastructure, and the persistent non-recognition of walking as a legitimate mode of transportation continue to hinder the meaningful implementation of the model in Iranian context.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 10 Mar 2026 09:56:53 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2633492</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Security perceptions in ride-sharing services: Influencing factors and effective solutions</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2633741</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Ride-sharing offers flexibility and cost-efficiency, but presents security challenges, especially in developing countries. In Iran, a country with a longstanding tradition of ride-sharing, this study investigates how users perceive security, and which measures they consider effective. We collected survey data from 270 participants and applied factor analysis to identify latent dimensions influencing perceived security, including experiences, social influences, family norm, and religion. These factors and demographics were included in an ordered logit model to assess their impact on perceived security. Results show gender is the strongest predictor, with women reporting lower security than men. However, men also feel insecure, especially at night or outside urban areas. These findings underscore the need to combine gender-neutral and gender-sensitive strategies to ensure fairness while addressing the diverse security needs. Other significant variables include age, past harassment experience, media exposure, and family norms. Those with very low perceived security are less responsive to interventions than those with moderate or higher security. We also evaluated user preferences for a range of proposed measures. Cameras and tracking received strong support, with many expressing a willingness to pay for increased security. Security apps showed promise, but users stressed the need for better privacy, preventive functions, and real-time response.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 10 Mar 2026 09:56:53 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2633741</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>An Analysis of General and Specific Deterrence Perception of Drivers Using Structural Equation Modeling</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2562249</link>
      <description><![CDATA[In 2018, Iran witnessed approximately 21,000 fatalities resulting from road accidents, ranking it as the fifth leading cause of death across all age groups. Human behavior emerges as a significant contributing factor to high-risk driving offenses. It has been proposed that by influencing general deterrence, a rigorous countermeasure can be established against such violations. This study examines deterrence perceptions prevailing among the public in Iran regarding the enforcement of traffic laws. Employing Structural Equation Modeling (SEM), we delve into the intricate relationships between variables. The study draws on the data derived from a survey comprising 548 questionnaires for modeling purposes. A new concept, private sector enforcement, as an alternative, is introduced and incorporated into the questioning and modeling process. The findings reveal that socioeconomic status (p-value < 0.01), police enforcement (p-value < 0.05), private sector enforcement (p-value < 0.05), specific deterrence (p-value < 0.01), and the use of technology (p-value < 0.01) have direct and indirect impacts on the general deterrence perception of drivers.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Fri, 20 Feb 2026 15:28:27 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2562249</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Factors Associated with Carsharing Adoption in a Developing Country—Iran</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2562149</link>
      <description><![CDATA[While carsharing has gained significant attention in the United States and Europe, research in developing countries remains limited. This paper examines the potential for carsharing in a developing country. Tehran, Iran’s capital, experiences traffic congestion, scarcity of parking spaces, and high travel demand, making it a potential candidate for establishing carsharing services. Public sector support is generally necessary for carsharing services to operate successfully. This study aims to recognize factors influencing individuals’ inclination toward carsharing. An online survey was conducted with 528 completed questionnaires providing information on demographics, travel behavior, and interest in a hypothetical carsharing fleet. Results indicate that 39% of respondents are interested in carsharing, with the majority holding driver’s licenses and driving independently. An ordered logit regression was employed to identify factors influencing the inclination toward carsharing. The results revealed that income, education, age, environmental concerns, and active transportation usage are associated with Iranians’ interest in carsharing. These findings can inform policies and marketing strategies to effectively establish carsharing services, targeting populations more likely to engage based on these factors.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Fri, 20 Feb 2026 15:28:26 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2562149</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>A Comparative Analysis of Crowdsourced and Kernel Density Approaches for Improved Accidents Blackspots Prediction Accuracy</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2642304</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The accurate identification of accident blackspots is indeed critical for implementing effective road safety measures. Blackspots, being areas with a higher incidence of accidents, demanding focused attention to mitigate risks and enhance overall road safety. This study investigates methods to improve the accuracy of predicting accident blackspot locations in a case study on the roads of Sistan Baluchistan province in Iran. A comprehensive dataset spanning five years of meticulously recorded accident records was collected in collaboration with on-duty traffic police officers. The research employs binary logit models to identify significant variables contributing to blackspot prediction accuracy. Noteworthy factors encompass driver attributes (such as age, gender), road features, environmental elements, weekday/weekend status, road type and traffic volume. Comparative analyses of individual implementations of Kernel density and Crowdsourcing methods revealed prediction accuracies of 62.3% and 65.3%, respectively. However, when these methods were jointly applied to extract common blackspots, the prediction accuracy significantly increased to 70.02%. This combined approach showcased the synergistic potential of utilizing diverse methodologies, emphasizing the necessity of integrating multiple data sources for precise accident blackspot identification. The findings underscore the effectiveness of amalgamating Kernel density and Crowdsourcing techniques, offering a promising avenue for enhancing predictive models and implementing proactive road safety measures within the diverse road networks. The combined method pinpoints high-risk locations validated by both crash data and driver behavior, giving road authorities a reliable tool to prioritize safety interventions with higher confidence.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Thu, 19 Feb 2026 09:44:15 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2642304</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Prescription pattern of driving-impairing psychotropic medications in Tabriz in 2022</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2655594</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Some psychotropic medications could impair drivers’ cognitive skills, concentration and reaction by affecting the central nervous system (CNS), thereby increasing the risk of traffic accidents. However, there is limited evidence regarding the prescription pattern of these medications in Iran. The present study aims to investigate the prescription pattern of psychotropic medications impairing driving in Tabriz, Iran. In this descriptive-analytical cross-sectional study, psychotropic medications prescribed by physicians in Tabriz from March, 2021, to March, 2022, were reviewed. The data were obtained from Iranian Social Security Organization (SSO), which included 1,167,460 eligible prescriptions. Psychotropic medications were classified into six main categories based on reliable scientific sources, and their level of effect on driving was determined using driving-impairing medication classification system. The data were analyzed using Stata 17.0 and Chi-square test. The significance level was considered to be less than 0.05. The results showed out of 1,167,460 prescribed psychotropic medications, 65.32% were for women, and the rest were for men. The most frequently prescribed medications were antidepressants (38.07%), followed by anxiolytics (18.60%) and antipsychotics (15.48%), respectively. More than half of the medications (57.10%) were categorized to have moderate effect, 23.73% were categorized to have mild effect and 18.87% were categorized to have severe effect on driving. Gabapentin, sertraline, nortriptyline, fluoxetine and trifluoperazine were the most frequently prescribed medications, respectively. A significant correlation was observed between the impairment category of prescribed medications and patients’ gender and age (P <0.001). Additionally, general practitioners prescribed the highest number of medications with severe adverse effects, while neurosurgeons, general surgeons, neurologists and psychiatrists prescribed the highest number of medications with moderate adverse effects on driving. More than half of the prescribed psychotropic medications in Tabriz were categorized to have moderate effects on driving, and about one-fifth was categorized to have severe effects. Antidepressants, anxiolytics and antipsychotics are considered to have the most relevant impairing effects on driving according to the categorization system, with gabapentin, sertraline, nortriptyline, fluoxetine and trifluoperazine being the most frequently prescribed medications. The findings highlighted the importance of raising awareness among physicians and patients about the effects of psychotropic medications on driving.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 18 Feb 2026 11:59:29 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2655594</guid>
    </item>
  </channel>
</rss>