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    <title>Transport Research International Documentation (TRID)</title>
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    <copyright>Copyright © 2026. National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.</copyright>
    <docs>http://blogs.law.harvard.edu/tech/rss</docs>
    <managingEditor>tris-trb@nas.edu (Bill McLeod)</managingEditor>
    <webMaster>tris-trb@nas.edu (Bill McLeod)</webMaster>
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      <title>Transport Research International Documentation (TRID)</title>
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      <link>https://trid.trb.org/</link>
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    <item>
      <title>Key Issues for Speed Safety Cameras: Results from a Semi-Structured Interview of Agencies in the United States</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2697865</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Speed safety cameras (SSCs) are a recognized countermeasure for targeting speeding-related crashes, injuries, and fatalities. SSCs have been introduced in various cities and are steadily expanding in use both in the U.S. and internationally. The extensive literature review of domestic and international documents and research papers reveals that the U.S. has been comparatively slow to adopt SSCs, with some other countries implementing these systems more extensively and earlier. Many local agencies are eager to learn SSC best practices and implementation lessons within the U.S. context. In this research, key issues related to SSC implementation are explored through semi-structured interviews with the agencies possessing extensive SSC-related experience in the U.S. The interviews were highly valuable in understanding differences across agencies and provided a greater depth of information than that found through publicly available websites and reports. Interview results indicate that these agencies are addressing similar issues with regard to equity, fines, evaluation, and technological advancements. However, the approach to these issues and the strategies employed to tackle them vary widely in scope, administration, and requirements. This research summarizes best SSC practices in the U.S. and finds that U.S. cities are innovating in the realm of new approaches to enhance traffic law compliance, performance measures, targeting dangerous drivers, providing open data, and integrating equity criteria and considerations into their programs.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 05 May 2026 10:16:53 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2697865</guid>
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    <item>
      <title>Innovating digital curbside management mindfully with IoT technologies</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2686749</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Cities worldwide are rethinking the use of curbside space to balance accessibility, sustainability, and urban liveability. Yet, increasingly complex curbside regulations face low enforcement capacities and high misuse. This undermines policy objectives for efficient goods movement, sustainable urban mobility, and equitable access to the curbside. In response, municipalities explore static Internet of Things (IoT) technologies to digitalize curbside management. However, past implementations of static IoT technologies, such as in-ground sensors and cameras, have often failed to achieve long-term operation. This study investigates how static IoT technologies can support digital curbside management while recognizing local contexts. We examine this question through the lens of innovating mindfully, which conceptualizes innovating as a context-sensitive process that balances outside experience with decision-making grounded in local facts and specifics. Combining this lens with expert interviews and Design Science Research, we derive 16 principles and testable propositions for innovation adoption in the three phases that entertain outside experience: comprehension, adoption, and implementation. Our results show that IoT technologies are initially most suitable for enforcement challenges in no-parking, time-limited, and permitted parking. These lay the foundation for future user-oriented services. We thus propose an iterative process for innovating mindfully with IoT technologies. It allows cities to assess feasibility and avoid premature commitment, while iteratively building internal sensitivity and external legitimacy. The study advances transport policy research by offering a transferable framework for evidence-based policy designs and actionable guidance to enhance parking compliance, operational efficiency, and the integration of IoT technologies into urban mobility strategies.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Thu, 30 Apr 2026 17:02:10 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2686749</guid>
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    <item>
      <title>Urban living labs as cracks, not doors: Reimagining experimentation in transport (and beyond)</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2676639</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Urban Living Labs (ULLs) are widely promoted as experimental spaces for urban innovation, particularly in EU policy contexts. Yet their design is often shaped by current institutional logics, EU-funding structures, and sector-specific constraints, especially in transport, a domain marked by technical path dependencies and dominant narratives of efficiency and optimization. These conditions risk narrowing experimentation.This Viewpoint is written within the frame of the special issue Urban Living Labs and inclusive, accessible and sustainable transport systems. It critically reflects on the role of ULLs in shaping mobility futures, drawing on Báyò Akómoláfé's metaphor of doors and cracks. In the words of Akómoláfé “doors are anticipated architectural technologies” - they allow movement, but only within the logic of the existing structure. Cracks, by contrast, are unruly and unpredictable; they open towards the unknown. Thinking with Akómoláfé's metaphor, we ask: what remains unseen when experimentation in ULLs becomes an overly programmed or top-down process - when the lab becomes a door that opens in predefined buildings and structures?This paper reflects on the potential of cracks, and how subtle, disruptive, and often overlooked experiments can emerge beyond what can be seen in formal ULLs. Against this backdrop, we argue for a reformulation of the Urban, the Living, and the Lab that recognizes cities as contested and relational, and centres future experimental interventions in lived experience, care, and refusal. This reframing also calls for new theories of change that may potentially emerge through increasing reflexivity and historical awareness, more attentive listening, and engaging with the unpredictable.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 29 Apr 2026 09:17:13 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2676639</guid>
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      <title>Inclusive co-creation in transport innovation: Lessons from an urban living lab</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2681354</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Co-creation has been increasingly applied to the development of transport solutions, often in the context of urban living labs. These are user-centric research approaches that enable testing and investigating new solutions in real-world settings, with users acting as co-creators. However, ensuring the inclusivity of co-creation processes and thus the participation of disadvantaged groups, remains a challenge. Moreover, their absence raises concerns about the validity of the outcome.Adopting a case study approach, this study fills this knowledge gap by investigating a co-creation process implemented in Brussels from January 2022 to February 2023 to develop a mobility hub. Two stages of the process were investigated in this study: the co-design (𝑛 = 22) and co-evaluation (𝑛 = 53). The research was guided by a framework built on the literature. The data were collected through self-completion questionnaires and structured observations.The findings show that enhancing the inclusivity of co-creation requires careful consideration of recruitment and engagement approaches, taking into account the relevant expertise, necessary skills and power dynamics, among other factors. This research contributes to transport studies by proposing a framework to enhance the inclusivity of co-creation processes while offering empirical insights into participatory transport planning. Finally, it provides five key recommendations to support transport practitioners and researchers in enhancing the inclusivity of co-creation processes.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 27 Apr 2026 14:58:58 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2681354</guid>
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    <item>
      <title>Computing in Civil Engineering 2024: Building Information Modeling, Digital Twins, and Simulation and Visualization</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2695138</link>
      <description><![CDATA[This collection contains 83 peer-reviewed papers on building information modeling (BIM), digital twins, and simulation and visualization.  Topics include: innovations in structures; modular and industrialized construction; simulated processes; simulation in construction; visualization innovation; BIM in practice; BIM specialty tools; blockchain in construction; computing in construction management; digital twins concepts; digital twins in action; inference in point clouds; model content generation; point cloud instance segmentation; point cloud processing and application; reality capture; and specialty BIM.  This collection offers a current overview of the state of computing within the civil engineering space for computing science and civil engineering researchers globally.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Sun, 26 Apr 2026 17:37:53 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2695138</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>EU Transport Research &amp; Innovation Status Assessment Report 2024: An Overview Based on the Transport Research and Innovation Monitoring and Information System (TRIMIS)</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2651500</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The Transport Research and Innovation Monitoring and Information System (TRIMIS) is an open-access transport information system and policy support tool. This report provides an overview of the TRIMIS database, including an analysis of its content, highlighting trends and areas of focus in transport research and innovation. The database provides a comprehensive picture of transport research and innovation in Europe, including information on the type of funding, the share of EU contribution and the structure of projects based on transport modes, thematic areas and technologies investigated. The report presents the process of adding new projects to the database and describes the new TRIMIS taxonomy of funding sources. It also presents the database cleaning process, which resulted in the removal of around 650 duplicated, incomplete or unidentified records. Finally, the report showcases the TRIMIS team's Science for Policy analyses, which provide evidence-based insights to support EU transport policies and decision-making processes.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 07 Apr 2026 17:08:41 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2651500</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Research on intelligent rendering of ship concept innovation based on few-shot learning</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2676787</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Traditional ship conceptual design relies heavily on CAD sketches and specialized rendering software, which often suffer from long rendering cycles, high hardware demands, and stylistic inconsistency, thereby significantly constraining design efficiency. To address these limitations, this paper constructs an innovative intelligent rendering method for ship concepts based on few-shot learning, leveraging AIGC techniques for the intelligent rendering of CAD sketches. The framework introduces three major innovations. First, a domain-adapted strategy is developed by applying Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA) to a pre-trained SDXL model, enabling high-quality rendering with only 75 expert-annotated samples while reducing the number of trainable parameters by 99%. Second, a cooperative ControlNet preprocessing strategy integrating Canny, MLSD, and BAE is proposed, which imposes multi-level structural constraints at different diffusion timesteps to ensure structural fidelity between generated images and CAD designs. Third, the framework incorporates an IPAdapter module to achieve controllable style generation and support diverse design requirements. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed approach achieves an FID score of 46.68, improves SSIM to 0.800, and yields a comprehensive evaluation score of 0.799 in tugboat design tasks. Compared with conventional rendering software, the rendering time is reduced from hours to seconds, achieving more than a 400-fold acceleration and reducing training costs by 95%. These results highlight the potential of the proposed framework to advance intelligent ship design and promote the digital transformation of the traditional shipbuilding industry. The source code for the experiments in this paper can be found at the following address: https://github.com/Awsteam7052/Research_on_Intelligent_Rendering_of_Ship_Concept_Innovation_Based_on_Few-shot_Learning.git.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 25 Mar 2026 11:44:52 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2676787</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Research on the Impact of Transportation Networks on the Innovation of Manufacturing Firms Considering Capital Mobility</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2640618</link>
      <description><![CDATA[This paper employs a data set involving macro-level urban panel data from the Chinese industrial enterprise patent database to investigate the impact of transportation infrastructure on innovation in the manufacturing industry in the Yangtze River Delta. The following are the primary conclusions: First, according to the results of the baseline calculation, manufacturing businesses’ patent output is significantly boosted by improvements in transportation infrastructure. Second, we eliminate the endogeneity issue by introducing instrumental variables. Additionally, we verified the robustness of the estimation results by replacing the measurement of variables and changing the samples. Third, we find the heterogeneous impacts of transportation infrastructure on innovation among manufacturing enterprises in terms of firm attributes, industry level, regional location, and financial shock. Finally, the mechanism test results of this paper indicate that improving urban transportation infrastructure facilitates the flow of capital factors, enhances the centrality of cities in the capital network, and subsequently fosters the innovation output of manufacturing enterprises. Moreover, we further investigate the positive impact of new firms’ entry in promoting industry competition and firm innovation.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Thu, 12 Mar 2026 14:02:12 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2640618</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Systematic Review of Smart Ports: Trends and Future Research Directions</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2624150</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The concept of smart ports has gained increasing attention in recent decades. The academic literature on smart ports has expanded considerably, yet remains fragmented. This study conducts a systematic literature review to address three key research questions. Additionally, VOSviewer software is employed for bibliometric mapping and visualization of keyword co-occurrence and thematic clusters. The findings identify fours dominant themes, such as smart port concept and technological foundations, port development and intelligent systems, performance-focused through digitalization and strategic governance and sustainability. In conclusion, the literature reveals that smart ports are not defined solely by their technological capabilities but by their ability to integrate innovation across infrastructure, operations, strategy, and environmental goals. Despite the lack of a concrete definition, there is a growing understanding on the key components and objectives of smart port development. Finally, the review outlines emerging gaps and proposes a forward-looking research agenda focused on areas such as how to address the challenges in smart port concept.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 10 Mar 2026 09:57:53 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2624150</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>How transportation infrastructure promotes digital industry agglomeration? A perspective on cross-regional innovation</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2663812</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Digital industry agglomeration is increasingly becoming a key driver in promoting and reshaping sustained economic growth. However, the underlying mechanisms and key factors driving formation of the agglomeration of digital industry remain unclear. To address this issue, this study examines the relationship between transportation infrastructure and digital industry agglomeration. In addition, cross-regional innovation is included as moderating variable. Based on panel data from 31 regions in mainland China spanning from 2008 to 2023, this study analyzes the impact of transportation infrastructure on digital industry agglomeration by constructing a baseline regression model and a spatial Durbin model. In addition, heterogeneity analysis is conducted by considering regional characteristics, policy orientation, and periods, respectively. The results are as follows. (1) There is a significant inverted U-shaped relationship between transportation infrastructure and digital industry agglomeration. (2) The moderating effect shows that cross-regional innovation weakens the inverted U-shaped relationship between transportation infrastructure and digital industry agglomeration. (3) Heterogeneity analysis shows that the inverted U-shaped relationship between transportation infrastructure and digital industry agglomeration is more prominent in regions with developed economies and lack of policy improvement. Overall, this study provides insights to better understand the impact of transportation infrastructure on digital industry agglomeration, and offers several practical implications for promoting digital industry agglomeration.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 25 Feb 2026 09:10:55 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2663812</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>The Efficiency of Cee Countries Innovation System</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2665647</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Three decades after transitioning to market economies, Central and Eastern European (CEE) countries continue to lag behind the “old” EU member states in terms of economic convergence. This persistent gap is compounded by a pronounced shortfall in innovation capacity. An innovation system that is well-coordinated, well-funded, and responsive to technological trends enables a country not only to integrate novel maritime technologies but also to contribute to their development. Without such systemic capacity, countries risk falling behind in critical sectors, including shipbuilding, port logistics, environmental compliance, and digital maritime infrastructure. This study evaluates the efficiency of public, private, and higher education sectors R&D expenditure, with a particular focus on the temporal dynamics of innovation efficiency. Using Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA), the paper assesses cross-country variations in innovation system performance, while Malmquist Index is used to detect intertemporal changes of countries productivity. The findings reveal that while the innovation gap between CEE countries and older EU members remains significant, there are encouraging signs of progress. Notably, Estonia, Slovenia, and Poland have exhibited the most substantial gains in innovation productivity. In contrast, Latvia and Slovakia have stagnated at levels similar to those of the late 1990s, and the Czech Republic, Hungary, and Lithuania have seen considerable declines. Persistent inefficiencies in public and higher education R&D systems pose ongoing challenges, although private sector investment has played a partial compensatory role in offsetting these structural weaknesses.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 17 Feb 2026 13:11:25 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2665647</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Impact of trade credit on innovation performance: the mediating roles of information sharing and collaborative R&amp;D</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2619133</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Trade credit, vital in operations and supply chain management, has been extensively studied for its financial and operational impact, but a gap exists in its role in innovation performance. Grounded in social exchange theory, our study employs a conceptual framework to explore trade credit’s association with innovation, covering product and process aspects. Leveraging data from the China Enterprise Survey conducted by the World Bank, encompassing 1,643 firms, we employ regression analysis to scrutinise the influence of trade credit on innovation performance. We also delve into the mediating mechanisms of information sharing and collaborative R&D. The findings reveal a positive correlation between trade credit and a firm’s innovation performance. Moreover, trade credit exerts its impact on product innovation through information sharing and collaborative R&D, while it predominantly supports process innovation via information sharing. This research enhances supply chain management literature by detailing the nuanced relationship between trade credit and innovation performance.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 04 Feb 2026 08:32:28 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2619133</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Innovations and challenges in marine steels for polar icebreaker manufacturing – a comprehensive review</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2595196</link>
      <description><![CDATA[This review paper thoroughly investigates the challenges associated with constructing polar icebreakers, given the increasing feasibility of Arctic navigation attributed to global warming. The strategic significance of the Northern Sea Route in global trade, potentially reducing the Asia-Europe transit distance by about one-third, underscores the growing importance of polar-class vessels in Arctic navigation. Our research emphasizes the importance of selecting suitable steel grades considering strength, toughness, and weldability. The paper investigates the influence of ductile-brittle transition temperature on ship failures and evaluates different marine steels' tensile properties and fatigue behavior. Additionally, it reviews welding techniques and explores advanced methods, including wire arc additive manufacturing, to improve precision and efficiency in shipbuilding.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 21 Jan 2026 10:10:04 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2595196</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Innovative Materials in Water Resources Infrastructure: Opportunities for the Corps of Engineers</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2644576</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Through its Civil Works program, the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) is responsible for planning, building, maintaining, and operating much of the nation’s water resources infrastructure for navigation and flood risk management. In particular, the maintenance, repair, rehabilitation, and modernization of water resource assets present demanding and costly challenges for USACE. The infrastructure assets and their components can be unique, built and manufactured at different periods for certain site-specific needs and conditions. In addition, these assets are subject to the stresses of water environments and to mechanical damage from vessels. Most of the navigation and flood risk management structures were built during the middle decades of the 20th century, meaning that a large majority of them have exceeded or will soon exceed their estimated design service lives of 60 to 75 years. In the Water Resources and Development Act of 2016, Congress called for a study by an expert committee of the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine to consider the key demands and challenges facing USACE related to the condition and performance of its navigation and flood risk management assets; examine how innovative materials can support capabilities critical to meeting these demands and challenges; and make recommendations to inform strategies that USACE can pursue to further the development, demonstration, and deployment of promising materials in new and existing infrastructure. The results of this requested study are documented in this report.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 30 Dec 2025 15:49:57 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2644576</guid>
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    <item>
      <title>Investigating the impact of innovative behavior on customer experiential value and satisfaction in the airline omnichannel environment</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2628428</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The rapidly evolving aviation industry, marked by technological advancements, regulatory changes, and market dynamics, necessitates a shift from ticket-centric sales models to holistic travel experiences. Airlines must redefine their offerings to meet evolving customer expectations in this competitive and digitalized environment. Beyond facilitating travel, airlines now focus on delivering comprehensive experiences, integrating ancillary services such as lounge access, fast-track security, onboard amenities, and Wi-Fi connectivity. Furthermore, partnerships are expanding to include specialized services like pet care and door-to-door baggage handling, emphasizing the importance of practical innovation in creating customer experiential value. This study investigates the influence of innovative practices on customer experiential value within airline omnichannel environments. Using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) to analyze data from 285 airline passengers, the findings reveal that innovative behavior significantly enhances customer experiential value, with dimensions such as convenience, entertainment, and self-esteem mediating the relationship between innovation and customer satisfaction. Conversely, dimensions like monetary savings, exploration, and status do not exhibit significant mediation effects, highlighting the nuanced interplay between innovation, experiential value, and satisfaction. The study contributes to the theoretical advancement of service innovation research by demonstrating the critical role of value co-creation in shaping customer satisfaction. It offers practical insights for airline management, emphasizing the strategic importance of innovation in designing customer-centric services that foster loyalty and competitive differentiation in the digital era.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 22 Dec 2025 13:35:57 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2628428</guid>
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